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linux内核移植-移植2.6.35.4内核到s3c2440

2014-04-15 18:05 447 查看
硬件平台:FL2440
主机平台:Ubuntu 11.04
交叉编译器:arm-linux-gcc 4.3.2
原创作品,转载请标明出处http://blog.csdn.net/yming0221/article/details/6604616
本来是想移植最新的内核2.6.39但是总是在编译快完成的时候报错,有人说是新的内核对arm平台的支持不好,所以就降低了一下版本,这里移植2.6.35.4内核

一、准备工作

1、下载 解压内核
从官网上下载linux-2.6.35的内核, ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/ ,文件不大,约85M。
新建一个工作目录s3c2440,将内核源码包拷贝至工作目录下,再解压。
2、移植yaffs2驱动
下载最新的驱动点击下载 解压在工作目录s3c2440下
进入yaffs2: cd yaffs2
给内核打补丁: ./patch-ker.sh c ../linux-2.6.35



3、安装交叉编译环境

下载arm-linux-gcc 4.3.2,然后安装并配置环境变量
最后执行arm-linux-gcc -v查看



二、移植



1、修改机器码
飞凌开发板的bootloader默认的机器码是193,所以我们在使用smdk2440机器的时候,需要修
改机器码。修改内核2.6.35.3中的arch/arm /tools/mach-types。


 删掉
s3c2410 ARCH_S3C2410 S3C2410 182
然后将
s3c2440 ARCH_S3C2440 S3C2440 362
修改为
s3c2440 ARCH_S3C2440 S3C2440 193
2、指定目标板machine、编译器和编译器路径

修改linux-2.6.35.3/Makefile,将
ARCH ?= $(SUBARCH)
CROSS_COMPILE ?=
修改成ARCH ?= arm
CROSS_COMPILE ?= /opt/arm/4.3.2/bin/arm-linux-
注意:CROSS_COMPILE是指交叉编译器的路径,该路径一定要完整,否则最后make
zImage时提示文件不存在。

3、增加devfs文件管理器的支持

我们所用的文件系统使用的是devfs文件管理器。修改fs/Kconfig,

找到

menu "Pseudo filesystems"

添加如下语句:

config DEVFS_FS

bool "/dev
file system support (OBSOLETE)"

default
y

config DEVFS_MOUNT

bool "Automatically
mount at boot"

default y

depends on DEVFS_FS

帮助理解:Kconfig就是对应着内核的配置菜单。假如要想添加新的驱动到内核的源码中,能够修改Kconfig,

这样就能够选择这个驱动,假如想使这个驱动被编译,要修改Makefile。

4、修改晶振频率( 可解决打印信息乱码问题 )

文件:arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c

/*s3c24xx_init_clocks(16934400);*/ s3c24xx_init_clocks(12000000);

5、修改MTD分区

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static struct mtd_partition smdk_default_nand_part[] = {

[0] = {

.name = "Boot",

.size = 0x00100000,

.offset = 0

},

[1] = {

.name = "MyApp",

.size = 0x003c0000,

.offset = 0x00140000,

},

[2] = {

.name = "Kernel",

.size = 0x00300000,

.offset = 0x00500000,

},

[3] = {

.name = "fs_yaffs",

.size = 0x0f000000, //240M

.offset = 0x00800000,

},

/*[4] = {

.name = "WINCE",

.size = 0x03c00000,

.offset = 0x04400000,

}

*/

};

具体参考http://blog.csdn.net/yming0221/article/details/6566551

6、关闭ECC校验

文件:drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410.c

函数:s3c2410_nand_init_chip

/*chip->ecc.mode
= NAND_ECC_SOFT; */ chip->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_NONE;

问题:关于ECC:ECC是“Error Correcting Code”的简写,中文名称是“错误检查和纠正”。ECC是一种能够实现

“错误检查和纠正”的技术,ECC内存就是应用了这种技术的内存,一般多应用在服务器及图形工作站上,这将使整个

电脑系统在工作时更趋于安全稳定。此处为避免容易出错,将ECC关闭。

7、修改nandflash驱动,支持K9F1G08的nandflash

修改drivers/mtd/nand下面的nand_bbt.c 文件:

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static struct nand_bbt_descr largepage_memorybased = {

.options = 0,

.offs = 0,

.len = 1, // 原数值为2,支持2K每页的flash修改为1。K9F1G08,K9F2G08是2k每页的flash

.pattern = scan_ff_pattern

};

static struct nand_bbt_descr largepage_flashbased = {

.options = NAND_BBT_SCAN2NDPAGE,

.offs = 0,

.len = 1, //原数值为2,支持2K每页的flash修改为1。K9F1G08,K9F2G08是2k每页的flash

.pattern = scan_ff_pattern

};

8、下面,开始配置内核。

进入linux-2.6.35目录,把s3c2410的默认配置写入config文件。

make s3c2410_defconfig

make menuconfig

配置内核特点使用ARM EABI编译



配置文件系统选项

配置yaffs2文件系统

修改配置如下:

File systems --->

[*] Miscellaneous
filesystems --->

<*> YAFFS2
file system support

-*-
512 byte / page devices

-*-
2048 byte (or larger) / page devices

[*] Autoselect yaffs2 format

[*] Cache short names in RAM

配置cpu相关选项

修改配置如下:

System Type --->

S3C2440 Machines
--->

[*] SMDK2440

[*] SMDK2440
with S3C2440 CPU module

去掉S3C2400 Machines、S3C2410
Machines、S3C2412 Machines、S3C2442
Machines的所有选项 ,

否则会报错。如果现在编译内核,下载到开发板中,内核就可以正常启动了.有了雏形,继续移植设备驱动。

这里,内核选项*代表编译至内核,M代表编译为模块 。

9、移植USB
host驱动

在这个版本的linux内核,已经对USB驱动进行来很好的支持,仅仅需要修改配置。

Device Drivers
--->

[*] USB support
--->

{*} Support
for Host-side USB

[*]
USB device filesystem (DEPRECATED)

[*]
USB device class-devices (DEPRECATED)

<*>
OHCI HCD support

<*> USB
Mass Storage support

[*] HID Devices
--->

{*} Generic
HID support

[*]
/dev/hidraw raw HID device support

SCSI device
support --->

<*> SCSI
device support

[*] legacy
/proc/scsi/ support

<*> SCSI
disk support

<*> SCSI
tape support

10、移植RTC驱动

在这个版本的linux内核,已经对RTC驱动进行来很好的支持,不需要修改配置。相应配置如下

Device Drivers
--->

<*> Real Time
Clock --->

[*] Set
system time from RTC on startup and resume

(rtc0)
RTC used to set the system time

[ ] RTC
debug support

***
RTC interfaces ***

[*] /sys/class/rtc/rtcN
(sysfs)

[*] /proc/driver/rtc
(procfs for rtc0)

[*] /dev/rtcN
(character devices)

<*> Samsung
S3C series SoC RTC

然后添加对设备的支持

打开arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c ,添加设备,代码如下:

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static struct platform_device *smdk2440_devices[] __initdata = {

&s3c_device_ohci,

&s3c_device_lcd,

&s3c_device_wdt,

&s3c_device_i2c0,

&s3c_device_iis,

&s3c_device_rtc,

};

11、移植UDA1341驱动

在平台上添加和配置UDA1341:

修改arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c ,在开始添加头文件

#include <sound/s3c24xx_uda134x.h>

#include <mach/gpio-fns.h>

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static struct s3c24xx_uda134x_platform_data s3c24xx_uda134x_data = {

.l3_clk = S3C2410_GPB(4),

.l3_data = S3C2410_GPB(3),

.l3_mode = S3C2410_GPB(2),

.model = UDA134X_UDA1341,

};

static struct platform_device s3c24xx_uda134x = {

.name = "s3c24xx_uda134x",

.dev = {

.platform_data = &s3c24xx_uda134x_data,

}

};

把设备添加到平台当中

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static struct platform_device *smdk2440_devices[] __initdata = {

&s3c_device_ohci,

&s3c_device_lcd,

&s3c_device_wdt,

&s3c_device_i2c0,

&s3c_device_iis,

&s3c_device_rtc,

&s3c24xx_uda134x,

};

内核配置如下

Device Drivers
--->

<*> Sound card
support --->

<*> Advanced
Linux Sound Architecture --->

<*>
OSS Mixer API

<*>
OSS PCM (digital audio) API

[*] OSS PCM (digital audio) API - Include plugin system

[*] Support old ALSA API

[*] Verbose procfs contents

[*] Verbose printk

[*] Generic sound devices --->

<*> ALSA for SoC audio support --->

<*> SoC Audio for the Samsung S3C24XX chips

<*> SoC I2S Audio support UDA134X wired to a S3C24XX

12、移植DM9000驱动

a、修改 drivers/net/dm9000.c 文件:

头文件增加:

#include <mach/regs-gpio.h>

#include <mach/irqs.h>

#include <mach/hardware.h>

在dm9000_probe 函数 开始增加:

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unsigned char ne_def_eth_mac_addr[]={0x00,0x12,0x34,0x56,0x80,0x49};

static void *bwscon;

static void *gpfcon;

static void *extint0;

static void *intmsk;

#define BWSCON (0x48000000)

#define GPFCON (0x56000050)

#define EXTINT0 (0x56000088)

#define INTMSK (0x4A000008)

bwscon=ioremap_nocache(BWSCON,0x0000004);

gpfcon=ioremap_nocache(GPFCON,0x0000004);

extint0=ioremap_nocache(EXTINT0,0x0000004);

intmsk=ioremap_nocache(INTMSK,0x0000004);

writel(readl(bwscon)|0xc0000,bwscon);

writel( (readl(gpfcon) & ~(0x3 << 14)) | (0x2 << 14), gpfcon);

writel( readl(gpfcon) | (0x1 << 7), gpfcon); // Disable pull-up

writel( (readl(extint0) & ~(0xf << 28)) | (0x4 << 28), extint0); //rising edge

writel( (readl(intmsk)) & ~0x80, intmsk);

在这个函数的最后需要修改:

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if (!is_valid_ether_addr(ndev->dev_addr)) {

/* try reading from mac */

mac_src = "chip";

for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)

//ndev->dev_addr[i] = ior(db, i+DM9000_PAR);

ndev->dev_addr[i] = ne_def_eth_mac_addr[i];

}

b、修改arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c ,添加设备

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static struct platform_device *smdk2440_devices[] __initdata = {

&s3c_device_ohci,

&s3c_device_lcd,

&s3c_device_wdt,

&s3c_device_i2c0,

&s3c_device_iis,

&s3c_device_rtc,

&s3c24xx_uda134x,

&s3c_device_dm9000,

};

c、修改 arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/devs.c

添加头文件

#include <linux/dm9000.h>

添加以下代码

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static struct resource s3c_dm9000_resource[] = {

[0] = {

.start = S3C24XX_PA_DM9000,

.end = S3C24XX_PA_DM9000+ 0x3,

.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM

},

[1]={

.start = S3C24XX_PA_DM9000 + 0x4, //CMD pin is A2

.end = S3C24XX_PA_DM9000 + 0x4 + 0x7c,

.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM

},

[2] = {

.start = IRQ_EINT7,

.end = IRQ_EINT7,

.flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ

},

};

static struct dm9000_plat_data s3c_device_dm9000_platdata = {

.flags= DM9000_PLATF_16BITONLY,

};

struct platform_device s3c_device_dm9000 = {

.name= "dm9000",

.id= 0,

.num_resources= ARRAY_SIZE(s3c_dm9000_resource),

.resource= s3c_dm9000_resource,

.dev= {

.platform_data = &s3c_device_dm9000_platdata,

}

};

EXPORT_SYMBOL(s3c_device_dm9000);

d、修改 arch/arm/plat-samsung/include/plat/devs.h
45行附近,添加

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extern struct platform_device s3c_device_dm9000;

e、修改arch/arm/mach-s3c2410/include/mach/map.h 文件

/* DM9000 */

#define S3C24XX_PA_DM9000
0x20000300

#define S3C24XX_VA_DM9000
0xE0000000

13、启动画面显示小企鹅的方法

配置内核 ,下面是必选项

Device Drivers--->

Graphics support
--->

<*> Support for frame buffer devices

<*> S3C2410 LCD framebuffer support ,multi support!

Console display driver support --->

<*> Framebuffer Console support

Logo configuration --->

[*] Bootup logo

[*] Standard 224-color Linux logo

14、3.5寸LCD显示的移植

2.6.34内核中已经支持

15、修改uart2为普通串口以及测试程序

修改arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c 中的uart2的配置,修改后如下:

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static struct s3c2410_uartcfg smdk2440_uartcfgs[] __initdata = {

[0] = {

.hwport = 0,

.flags = 0,

.ucon = 0x3c5,

.ulcon = 0x03,

.ufcon = 0x51,

},

[1] = {

.hwport = 1,

.flags = 0,

.ucon = 0x3c5,

.ulcon = 0x03,

.ufcon = 0x51,

},

/* IR port */

[2] = {

.hwport = 2,

.flags = 0,

.ucon = 0x3c5,

.ulcon = 0x03,/*fatfish 0x43*/

.ufcon = 0x51,

}

};

在drivers/serial/samsung.c 中添加对uart2控制器的配置,配置为普通串口。

添加头文件:

#include <linux/gpio.h>

#include <mach/regs-gpio.h>

在static int s3c24xx_serial_startup(struct
uart_port *port)函数中,添加

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if (port->line == 2) {

s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPH(6), S3C2410_GPH6_TXD2);

s3c2410_gpio_pullup(S3C2410_GPH(6), 1);

s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPH(7), S3C2410_GPH7_RXD2);

s3c2410_gpio_pullup(S3C2410_GPH(7), 1);

}

16、移植看门狗

修改配置

Device Drivers
--->

[*] Watchdog
Timer Support --->

<*> S3C2410
Watchdog

最后:make zImage

最后编译出来的zImage就2.1M左右。

烧写内核,启动成功



不过,此时,显示屏显示还有点问题,出现上下两栏。解决方法如下:

修改mach-smdk2440.c中

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static struct s3c2410fb_display smdk2440_lcd_cfg __initdata = {

/* Config for 320x240 LCD */

.lcdcon5 = S3C2410_LCDCON5_FRM565 |

S3C2410_LCDCON5_INVVLINE |

S3C2410_LCDCON5_INVVFRAME |

S3C2410_LCDCON5_PWREN |

S3C2410_LCDCON5_HWSWP,

.type = S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT,

.width = 320,

.height = 240,

.pixclock = 270000,

.xres = 320,

.yres = 240,

.bpp = 16,

.left_margin =8,

.right_margin = 5,

.hsync_len = 63,

.upper_margin = 15,

.lower_margin = 3,

.vsync_len = 5,

};

并且将.lpcsel
= ((0xCE6) & ~7) | 1<<4,注释掉

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static struct s3c2410fb_mach_info smdk2440_fb_info __initdata = {

.displays = &smdk2440_lcd_cfg,

.num_displays = 1,

.default_display = 0,

#if 0

/* currently setup by downloader */

.gpccon = 0xaa940659,

.gpccon_mask = 0xffffffff,

.gpcup = 0x0000ffff,

.gpcup_mask = 0xffffffff,

.gpdcon = 0xaa84aaa0,

.gpdcon_mask = 0xffffffff,

.gpdup = 0x0000faff,

.gpdup_mask = 0xffffffff,

#endif

//.lpcsel = ((0xCE6) & ~7) | 1<<4,

};

重新编译即可。

至此,2.6.35.4内核移植成功
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