Windows Phone自定义控件 ProgressRing

原文:Windows Phone自定义控件 ProgressRing
[b]前言[/b]

Windows Phone为开发者提供了很多原生控件，但在很多场景下我们需要对默认的功能或样式做一定的修改才能满足我们的需求，自定义控件应运而生。本文通过以自定义控件进度环(ProgressRing)为例，向大家介绍Windows Phone中如何创建和使用自定义控件。

1、控件基类

通常自定义控件继承自Control、ItemsControl、ContentControl等。

Control：代表使用ControlTemplate来定义样式的UI控件的基类。

<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}" />
<Setter Property="IsHitTestVisible" Value="False" />
<Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Center" />
<Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Center" />
<Setter Property="MinHeight" Value="20" />
<Setter Property="MinWidth" Value="20" />
<Setter Property="IsTabStop" Value="False" />
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="controls:ProgressRing">
<Border x:Name="ProgressRingRoot" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"
BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}"
BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}">
<Border.Resources>
<Style x:Key="ProgressRingEllipseStyle" TargetType="Ellipse">
<Setter Property="Opacity" Value="0" />
<Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left" />
<Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Top" />
</Style>
</Border.Resources>
<VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
<VisualStateGroup x:Name="SizeStates">
<VisualState x:Name="Large">
<Storyboard>
<ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Duration="0"
Storyboard.TargetName="SixthCircle"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Visibility">
<DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0">
<DiscreteObjectKeyFrame.Value>
<Visibility>Visible</Visibility>
</DiscreteObjectKeyFrame.Value>
</DiscreteObjectKeyFrame>
</ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
</Storyboard>
</VisualState>
<VisualState x:Name="Small" />
</VisualStateGroup>
<VisualStateGroup x:Name="ActiveStates">
<VisualState x:Name="Inactive" />
<VisualState x:Name="Active">
<Storyboard RepeatBehavior="Forever">
<ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Duration="0"
Storyboard.TargetName="Ring"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Visibility">
<DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0">
<DiscreteObjectKeyFrame.Value>
<Visibility>Visible</Visibility>
</DiscreteObjectKeyFrame.Value>
</DiscreteObjectKeyFrame>
</ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
Storyboard.TargetName="E1"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity"
BeginTime="0">
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="1" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.21" Value="1" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.22" Value="0" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.47" Value="0" />
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
Storyboard.TargetName="E2"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity"
BeginTime="00:00:00.167">
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="1" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.21" Value="1" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.22" Value="0" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.47" Value="0" />
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
Storyboard.TargetName="E3"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity"
BeginTime="00:00:00.334">
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="1" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.21" Value="1" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.22" Value="0" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.47" Value="0" />
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
Storyboard.TargetName="E4"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity"
BeginTime="00:00:00.501">
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="1" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.21" Value="1" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.22" Value="0" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.47" Value="0" />
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
Storyboard.TargetName="E5"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity"
BeginTime="00:00:00.668">
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="1" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.21" Value="1" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.22" Value="0" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.47" Value="0" />
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
Storyboard.TargetName="E6"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity"
BeginTime="00:00:00.835">
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="1" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.21" Value="1" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.22" Value="0" />
<DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.47" Value="0" />
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
Storyboard.TargetName="E1R"
BeginTime="0"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Angle">
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="-110" KeySpline="0.13,0.21,0.1,0.7"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.433" Value="10" KeySpline="0.02,0.33,0.38,0.77"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1.2" Value="93"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1.617" Value="205" KeySpline="0.57,0.17,0.95,0.75"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2.017" Value="357" KeySpline="0,0.19,0.07,0.72"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2.783" Value="439"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.217" Value="585" KeySpline="0,0,0.95,0.37"/>
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
Storyboard.TargetName="E2R"
BeginTime="00:00:00.167"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Angle">
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="-116" KeySpline="0.13,0.21,0.1,0.7"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.433" Value="4" KeySpline="0.02,0.33,0.38,0.77"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1.2" Value="87"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1.617" Value="199" KeySpline="0.57,0.17,0.95,0.75"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2.017" Value="351" KeySpline="0,0.19,0.07,0.72"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2.783" Value="433"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.217" Value="579" KeySpline="0,0,0.95,0.37"/>
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
Storyboard.TargetName="E3R"
BeginTime="00:00:00.334"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Angle">
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="-122" KeySpline="0.13,0.21,0.1,0.7"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.433" Value="-2" KeySpline="0.02,0.33,0.38,0.77"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1.2" Value="81"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1.617" Value="193" KeySpline="0.57,0.17,0.95,0.75"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2.017" Value="345" KeySpline="0,0.19,0.07,0.72"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2.783" Value="427"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.217" Value="573" KeySpline="0,0,0.95,0.37"/>
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
Storyboard.TargetName="E4R"
BeginTime="00:00:00.501"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Angle">
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="-128" KeySpline="0.13,0.21,0.1,0.7"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.433" Value="-8" KeySpline="0.02,0.33,0.38,0.77"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1.2" Value="75"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1.617" Value="187" KeySpline="0.57,0.17,0.95,0.75"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2.017" Value="339" KeySpline="0,0.19,0.07,0.72"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2.783" Value="421"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.217" Value="567" KeySpline="0,0,0.95,0.37"/>
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
Storyboard.TargetName="E5R"
BeginTime="00:00:00.668"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Angle">
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="-134" KeySpline="0.13,0.21,0.1,0.7"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.433" Value="-14" KeySpline="0.02,0.33,0.38,0.77"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1.2" Value="69"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1.617" Value="181" KeySpline="0.57,0.17,0.95,0.75"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2.017" Value="331" KeySpline="0,0.19,0.07,0.72"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2.783" Value="415"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.217" Value="561" KeySpline="0,0,0.95,0.37"/>
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
Storyboard.TargetName="E6R"
BeginTime="00:00:00.835"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="Angle">
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="-140" KeySpline="0.13,0.21,0.1,0.7"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.433" Value="-20" KeySpline="0.02,0.33,0.38,0.77"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1.2" Value="63"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1.617" Value="175" KeySpline="0.57,0.17,0.95,0.75"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2.017" Value="325" KeySpline="0,0.19,0.07,0.72"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2.783" Value="409"/>
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3.217" Value="555" KeySpline="0,0,0.95,0.37"/>
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
</Storyboard>
</VisualState>
</VisualStateGroup>
</VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
<Grid x:Name="Ring"
Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}"
MaxWidth="{Binding TemplateSettings.MaxSideLength, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
MaxHeight="{Binding TemplateSettings.MaxSideLength, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Visibility="Collapsed"
RenderTransformOrigin=".5,.5"
FlowDirection="LeftToRight">
<Canvas RenderTransformOrigin=".5,.5">
<Canvas.RenderTransform>
<RotateTransform x:Name="E1R" />
</Canvas.RenderTransform>
<Ellipse
x:Name="E1"
Style="{StaticResource ProgressRingEllipseStyle}"
Width="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseDiameter, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Height="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseDiameter, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Margin="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseOffset, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Fill="{TemplateBinding Foreground}"/>
</Canvas>
<Canvas RenderTransformOrigin=".5,.5">
<Canvas.RenderTransform>
<RotateTransform x:Name="E2R" />
</Canvas.RenderTransform>
<Ellipse
x:Name="E2"
Style="{StaticResource ProgressRingEllipseStyle}"
Width="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseDiameter, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Height="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseDiameter, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Margin="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseOffset, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Fill="{TemplateBinding Foreground}"/>
</Canvas>
<Canvas RenderTransformOrigin=".5,.5">
<Canvas.RenderTransform>
<RotateTransform x:Name="E3R" />
</Canvas.RenderTransform>
<Ellipse
x:Name="E3"
Style="{StaticResource ProgressRingEllipseStyle}"
Width="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseDiameter, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Height="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseDiameter, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Margin="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseOffset, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Fill="{TemplateBinding Foreground}"/>
</Canvas>
<Canvas RenderTransformOrigin=".5,.5">
<Canvas.RenderTransform>
<RotateTransform x:Name="E4R" />
</Canvas.RenderTransform>
<Ellipse
x:Name="E4"
Style="{StaticResource ProgressRingEllipseStyle}"
Width="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseDiameter, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Height="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseDiameter, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Margin="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseOffset, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Fill="{TemplateBinding Foreground}"/>
</Canvas>
<Canvas RenderTransformOrigin=".5,.5">
<Canvas.RenderTransform>
<RotateTransform x:Name="E5R" />
</Canvas.RenderTransform>
<Ellipse
x:Name="E5"
Style="{StaticResource ProgressRingEllipseStyle}"
Width="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseDiameter, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Height="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseDiameter, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Margin="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseOffset, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Fill="{TemplateBinding Foreground}"/>
</Canvas>
<Canvas RenderTransformOrigin=".5,.5"
Visibility="Collapsed"
x:Name="SixthCircle">
<Canvas.RenderTransform>
<RotateTransform x:Name="E6R" />
</Canvas.RenderTransform>
<Ellipse
x:Name="E6"
Style="{StaticResource ProgressRingEllipseStyle}"
Width="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseDiameter, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Height="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseDiameter, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Margin="{Binding TemplateSettings.EllipseOffset, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Fill="{TemplateBinding Foreground}"/>
</Canvas>
</Grid>
</Border>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>

View Code
这个步骤定义了我们自定义控件的样子，注意，ControlTemplate是非常重要的属性，它是多种UI Element的组合，决定着我们控件的visual tree的结构和状态。

TemplateBinding用来连接模板中的属性的值和自定义控件中属性的值。TemplateBinding仅支持由模板产生的FrameworkElements，它的数据源引用会指向模板中的父级元素。TemplateBinding最主要的用途是内置在模板中绑定模板化元素的属性。

4、使用自定义控件

首先在页面引入自定义控件的命名空间。

xmlns:controls="clr-namespace:WindowsPhone.Controls"

再在页面添加自定义控件即可。

<Grid x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0">
<controls:ProgressRing Width="70"
IsActive="True" Height="70"/>
</Grid>

代码下载