find -exec 与xargs 区别

find . -name "*.txt" -exec rm {} \;

find . -name "*.txt" | xargs rm {}

-exec

1.参数是一个一个传递的，传递一个参数执行一次rm

2.文件名有空格等特殊字符也能处理

-xargs

1.一次将参数传给命令，可以使用-n控制参数个数

2.处理特殊文件名需要采用如下方式：

find . -name "*.txt" print0 |xargs -0 rm {}

实验结果如下，可以清楚看到参数传递过程

[cpp] view
plaincopy

[root@andes.com ~/tmp/dir]#find . -type f |xargs -t -n 2 echo

echo ./data.txt ./env2.txt

./data.txt ./env2.txt

echo ./env.txt ./export2.txt

./env.txt ./export2.txt

echo ./s.txt ./d.txt

./s.txt ./d.txt

echo ./export.txt ./set.txt

./export.txt ./set.txt

echo ./fuck.txt

./fuck.txt

[root@andes.com ~/tmp/dir]#find . -type f -exec echo begin {} \;

begin ./data.txt

begin ./env2.txt

begin ./env.txt

begin ./export2.txt

begin ./s.txt

begin ./d.txt

begin ./export.txt

begin ./set.txt

begin ./fuck.txt

[root@andes.com ~/tmp/dir]#

技巧： find -print0 与 xargs -0 的结合避免文件名有特殊字符如空格，引号等无法处理：

find . -name "*.txt" print0 |xargs -0 rm {}

find

-print True; print the full file name on the standard output, followed by a newline. If you are piping the

output of find into another program and there is the faintest possibility that the files which you

are searching for might contain a newline, then you should seriously consider using the -print0

option instead of -print. See the UNUSUAL FILENAMES section for information about how unusual char-

acters in filenames are handled.

-print0

True; print the full file name on the standard output, followed by a null character (instead of the

newline character that -print uses). This allows file names that contain newlines or other types of

white space to be correctly interpreted by programs that process the find output. This option corre-

sponds to the -0 option of xargs.

xargs

-0 Input items are terminated by a null character insteadof by

whitespace, and the quotes and backslash are not special (every

character is taken literally). Disables the end of file string,

which istreated likeany other argument. Useful when input

items might contain white space, quote marks, or backslashes.

The GNU
find -print0 option produces input suitable for this

mode.