关于数据库备份的语句

--完整备份
Backup Database NorthwindCS
To disk='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Full_20070908.bak'
--差异备份
Backup Database NorthwindCS
To disk='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Diff_20070908.bak'
With Differential
--日志备份，默认截断日志
Backup Log NorthwindCS
To disk='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Log_20070908.bak'
--日志备份，不截断日志
Backup Log NorthwindCS
To disk='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Log_20070908.bak'
With No_Truncate
--截断日志不保留
Backup Log NorthwindCS
With No_Log
--或者
Backup Log NorthwindCS
With Truncate_Only
--截断之后日志文件不会变小
--有必要可以进行收缩
--文件备份
Exec Sp_Helpdb NorthwindCS --查看数据文件
Backup Database NorthwindCS
File='NorthwindCS' --数据文件的逻辑名
To disk='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_File_20070908.bak'
--文件组备份
Exec Sp_Helpdb NorthwindCS --查看数据文件
Backup Database NorthwindCS
FileGroup='Primary' --数据文件的逻辑名
To disk='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_FileGroup_20070908.bak'
With init
--分割备份到多个目标
--恢复的时候不允许丢失任何一个目标
Backup Database NorthwindCS
To disk='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Full_1.bak'
,disk='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Full_2.bak'
--镜像备份
--每个目标都是相同的
Backup Database NorthwindCS
To disk='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Mirror_1.bak'
Mirror
To disk='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Mirror_2.bak'
With Format --第一次做镜像备份的时候格式化目标
--镜像备份到本地和远程
Backup Database NorthwindCS
To disk='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Mirror_1.bak'
Mirror
To disk='\\192.168.1.200\Backup\NorthwindCS_Mirror_2.bak'
With Format
--每天生成一个备份文件
Declare @Path Nvarchar(2000)
Set @Path ='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Full_'
+Convert(Nvarchar,Getdate(),112)+'.bak'
Backup Database NorthwindCS
To http://www.hack58.net/Article/html/3/7/2008/mailtdisk=@Path

--从NoRecovery或者
--Standby模式恢复数据库为可用
Restore Database NorthwindCS_Bak
With Recovery
--查看目标备份中的备份集
Restore HeaderOnly
From Disk ='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Full_20070908.bak'
--查看目标备份的第一个备份集的信息
Restore FileListOnly
From Disk ='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Full_20070908_2.bak'
With File=1
--查看目标备份的卷标
Restore LabelOnly
From Disk ='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Full_20070908_2.bak'
--备份设置密码保护备份
Backup Database NorthwindCS
To disk='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Full_20070908.bak'
With Password = '123',init
Restore Database NorthwindCS
From disk='G:\Backup\NorthwindCS_Full_20070908.bak'
With Password = '123'

自动备份：
在SQL Server 2005数据库中实现自动备份的具体步骤:
1、打开SQL Server Management Studio
2、启动SQL Server代理
3、点击作业->新建作业
4、"常规"中输入作业的名称
5、新建步骤，类型选T-SQL，在下面的命令中输入下面语句
DECLARE @strPath NVARCHAR(200)
set @strPath = convert(NVARCHAR(19),getdate(),120)
set @strPath = REPLACE(@strPath, ':' , '.')
set @strPath = 'D:\bak\' + + '.bak'
BACKUP DATABASE [databasename] TO DISK = @strPath WITH NOINIT , NOUNLOAD , NOSKIP , STATS = 10, NOFORMAT
（D:\bak\改为自己的备份路径，databasename修改为想备份的数据库的名称）
6、添加计划，设置频率，时间等。
确定，完成。
SQL Server里函数的两种用法（可以代替游标）
1． 因为update里不能用存储过程，然而要根据更新表的某些字段还要进行计算。我们常常采用游标的方法，这里用函数的方法实现。
函数部分：
CREATE FUNCTION [DBO].[FUN_GETTIME] (@TASKPHASEID INT)
RETURNS FLOAT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @TASKID INT,
@HOUR FLOAT,
@PERCENT FLOAT,
@RETURN FLOAT
IF @TASKPHASEID IS NULL
BEGIN
RETURN(0.0)
END
SELECT @TASKID=TASKID,@PERCENT=ISNULL(WORKPERCENT,0)/100
FROM TABLETASKPHASE
WHERE ID=@TASKPHASEID
SELECT @HOUR=ISNULL(TASKTIME,0) FROM TABLETASK
WHERE ID=@TASKID
SET @RETURN=@HOUR*@PERCENT
RETURN (@RETURN)
END
调用函数的存储过程部分
CREATE PROCEDURE [DBO].[PROC_CALCCA]
@ROID INT
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @CA FLOAT
UPDATE TABLEFMECA
SET
Cvalue_M= ISNULL(MODERATE,0)*ISNULL(FMERATE,0)*ISNULL(B.BASFAILURERATE,0)*[DBO].[FUN_GETTIME](C.ID)
FROM TABLEFMECA ,TABLERELATION B,TABLETASKPHASE C
WHERE ROID=@ROID AND TASKPHASEID=C.ID AND B.ID=@ROID
SELECT @CA=SUM(ISNULL(Cvalue_M,0)) FROM TABLEFMECA WHERE ROID=@ROID
UPDATE TABLERELATION
SET CRITICALITY=@CA
WHERE ID=@ROID
END
GO
2． 我们要根据某表的某些记录，先计算后求和，因为无法存储中间值，平时我们也用游标的方法进行计算。但sqlserver2000里支持
SUM ( [ ALL DISTINCT ] eXPression )
expression
是常量、列或函数，或者是算术、按位与字符串等运算符的任意组合。因此我们可以利用这一功能。
函数部分：
CREATE FUNCTION [DBO].[FUN_RATE] (@PARTID INT,@ENID INT,@SOURCEID INT, @QUALITYID INT,@COUNT INT)
RETURNS FLOAT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @QXS FLOAT, @G FLOAT, @RATE FLOAT
IF (@ENID=NULL) OR (@PARTID=NULL) OR (@SOURCEID=NULL) OR (@QUALITYID=NULL)
BEGIN
RETURN(0.0)
END
SELECT @QXS= ISNULL(XS,0) FROM TABLEQUALITY WHERE ID=@QUALITYID
SELECT @G=ISNULL(FRATE_G,0) FROM TABLEFAILURERATE
WHERE (SUBKINDID=@PARTID) AND( ENID=@ENID) AND ( DATASOURCEID=@SOURCEID) AND( ( (ISNULL(MINCOUNT,0)<=ISNULL(@COUNT,0)) AND ( ISNULL(MAXCOUNT,0)>=ISNULL(@COUNT,0)))
OR(ISNULL(@COUNT,0)>ISNULL(MAXCOUNT,0)))
SET @RATE=ISNULL(@QXS*@G,0)
RETURN (@RATE)
END
调用函数的存储过程部分：
CREATE PROC PROC_FAULTRATE
@PARTID INTEGER, @QUALITYID INTEGER, @SOURCEID INTEGER, @COUNT INTEGER, @ROID INT, @GRADE INT,@RATE FLOAT=0 OUTPUTAS
BEGIN
DECLARE
@TASKID INT
SET @RATE=0.0
SELECT @TASKID=ISNULL(TASKPROID,-1) FROM TABLERELATION WHERE ID=(SELECT PID FROM TABLERELATION WHERE ID=@ROID)
IF (@TASKID=-1) OR(@GRADE=1) BEGIN
SET @RATE=0
RETURN
END
SELECT @RATE=SUM([DBO].[FUN_RATE] (@PARTID,ENID,@SOURCEID, @QUALITYID,@COUNT) *ISNULL(WORKPERCENT,0)/100.0)
FROM TABLETASKPHASE
WHERE TASKID=@TASKID
END
GO