在C#中使用GDAL创建Shape文件

这几天在项目中考虑使用GDAL，由于10年没有用过VC了，就在网上搜了下怎么样在C# 中使用GDAL，看到了http://blog.csdn.net/liminlu0314/article/details/8828940这边文章。拿过来测试了一下，可以用，把自己的测试代码贴上来，以便日后参考。

　　　　　　// 为了支持中文路径，请添加下面这句代码
OSGeo.GDAL.Gdal.SetConfigOption("GDAL_FILENAME_IS_UTF8", "NO");
// 为了使属性表字段支持中文，请添加下面这句
OSGeo.GDAL.Gdal.SetConfigOption("SHAPE_ENCODING", "");

string strVectorFile = "E:\\TestPolygon.shp";

// 注册所有的驱动
Ogr.RegisterAll();

//创建数据，这里以创建ESRI的shp文件为例
string strDriverName = "ESRI Shapefile";
int count = Ogr.GetDriverCount();
Driver oDriver = Ogr.GetDriverByName(strDriverName);
if (oDriver == null)
{
Console.WriteLine("%s 驱动不可用！\n", strVectorFile);
return;
}

// 创建数据源
DataSource oDS = oDriver.CreateDataSource(strVectorFile, null);
if (oDS == null)
{
Console.WriteLine("创建矢量文件【%s】失败！\n", strVectorFile);
return;
}

// 创建图层，创建一个多边形图层，这里没有指定空间参考，如果需要的话，需要在这里进行指定
Layer oLayer = oDS.CreateLayer("TestPolygon", null, wkbGeometryType.wkbPolygon, null);
if (oLayer == null)
{
Console.WriteLine("图层创建失败！\n");
return;
}

// 下面创建属性表
// 先创建一个叫FieldID的整型属性
FieldDefn oFieldID = new FieldDefn("FieldID", FieldType.OFTInteger);
oLayer.CreateField(oFieldID, 1);

// 再创建一个叫FeatureName的字符型属性，字符长度为50
FieldDefn oFieldName = new FieldDefn("FieldName", FieldType.OFTString);
oFieldName.SetWidth(100);
oLayer.CreateField(oFieldName, 1);

FeatureDefn oDefn = oLayer.GetLayerDefn();

// 创建三角形要素
Feature oFeatureTriangle = new Feature(oDefn);
oFeatureTriangle.SetField(0, 0);
oFeatureTriangle.SetField(1, "三角形");
Geometry geomTriangle = Geometry.CreateFromWkt("POLYGON ((0 0,20 0,10 15,0 0))");
oFeatureTriangle.SetGeometry(geomTriangle);

oLayer.CreateFeature(oFeatureTriangle);

// 创建矩形要素
Feature oFeatureRectangle = new Feature(oDefn);
oFeatureRectangle.SetField(0, 1);
oFeatureRectangle.SetField(1, "矩形");
Geometry geomRectangle = Geometry.CreateFromWkt("POLYGON ((30 0,60 0,60 30,30 30,30 0))");
oFeatureRectangle.SetGeometry(geomRectangle);

oLayer.CreateFeature(oFeatureRectangle);

// 创建岛要素
Feature oFeatureHole= new Feature(oDefn);
oFeatureHole.SetField(0, 1);
oFeatureHole.SetField(1, "环岛测试");
//Geometry geomWYX = Geometry.CreateFromWkt("POLYGON ((30 0,60 0,60 30,30 30,30 0))");
OSGeo.OGR.Geometry outGeo = new OSGeo.OGR.Geometry(OSGeo.OGR.wkbGeometryType.wkbLinearRing);
outGeo.AddPoint(40, -30, 0);
outGeo.AddPoint(60, -30, 0);
outGeo.AddPoint(60, -10, 0);
outGeo.AddPoint(40, -10, 0);

OSGeo.OGR.Geometry inGeo = new OSGeo.OGR.Geometry(OSGeo.OGR.wkbGeometryType.wkbLinearRing);
inGeo.AddPoint(45, -25, 0);
inGeo.AddPoint(55, -25, 0);
inGeo.AddPoint(55, -15, 0);
inGeo.AddPoint(45, -15, 0);

OSGeo.OGR.Geometry geo = new OSGeo.OGR.Geometry(OSGeo.OGR.wkbGeometryType.wkbPolygon);
geo.AddGeometryDirectly(outGeo);
geo.AddGeometryDirectly(inGeo);
oFeatureHole.SetGeometry(geo);
oLayer.CreateFeature(oFeatureHole);

// 创建Multi要素
Feature oFeatureMulty = new Feature(oDefn);
oFeatureMulty.SetField(0, 1);
oFeatureMulty.SetField(1, "MultyPart测试");
OSGeo.OGR.Geometry geo1 = new OSGeo.OGR.Geometry(OSGeo.OGR.wkbGeometryType.wkbLinearRing);
geo1.AddPoint(25, -10, 0);
geo1.AddPoint(5, -10, 0);
geo1.AddPoint(5, -30, 0);
geo1.AddPoint(25, -30, 0);
OSGeo.OGR.Geometry poly1 = new Geometry(wkbGeometryType.wkbPolygon);
poly1.AddGeometryDirectly(geo1);

OSGeo.OGR.Geometry geo2 = new OSGeo.OGR.Geometry(OSGeo.OGR.wkbGeometryType.wkbLinearRing);
geo2.AddPoint(0, -15, 0);
geo2.AddPoint(-5, -15, 0);
geo2.AddPoint(-5, -20, 0);
geo2.AddPoint(0, -20, 0);

OSGeo.OGR.Geometry poly2 = new Geometry(wkbGeometryType.wkbPolygon);
poly2.AddGeometryDirectly(geo2);

OSGeo.OGR.Geometry geoMulty = new OSGeo.OGR.Geometry(OSGeo.OGR.wkbGeometryType.wkbMultiPolygon);
geoMulty.AddGeometryDirectly(poly1);
geoMulty.AddGeometryDirectly(poly2);
oFeatureMulty.SetGeometry(geoMulty);

oLayer.CreateFeature(oFeatureMulty);

);

Console.WriteLine("\n数据集创建完成！\n");
}

　　

　　特别说明：

　　在GDAL中，MultiPolygon由多个Polygon组成；而Polygon由LinearRing组成，像环要素就是有一个外部LinearRing和若干个内部LinearRing组成的。