通过案例了解puppet创建虚拟资源解决资源冲突问题 推荐

通过案例了解puppet创建虚拟资源解决资源冲突问题虚拟资源是一种用来管理多种配置共同依赖同一资源的方法。如果多个类依赖同一个资源时则可避免写多个资源，也可以解决资源重定义的错误。 虚拟资源经常用于用户管理中，虚拟资源只会被声明一次，但可以运用一次或多次。要使用虚拟资源是需要在资源声明开头加上字符“@”来使资源虚拟化。然后再使用下面两种方法之一来实例化虚拟资源："飞船"语法<||>

realize函数

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1. 定义两个用户，puppet和root，并将其虚拟化

注意定义虚拟资源必须在全局作用域或者节点作用域中定义，简单的理解，以下目录中site.pp就是全局作用域，包含（site.pp中import了nodes目录），其他模块中的都属于局部作用域。

1.1 在全局作用域中创建对应的pp文件

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# tree manifests/
manifests/
├── nodes
│   ├── puppetclient.pp
│   ├── virtual_group.pp
│   └── virtual_user.pp
└── site.pp
1 directory, 4 files

1.2 创建虚拟用户puppet、root、xiaonuo

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# vim manifests/nodes/virtual_user.pp
class alluser{
include alluser::puppet,alluser::root
}
class alluser::puppet{
@user { 'puppet':
ensure => present,
uid    => '52',
gid    => '52',
home   => '/var/lib/puppet',
shell  => '/sbin/nologin',
}
}
class alluser::root{
@user { 'root':
ensure => present,
uid    => '0',
gid    => '0',
home   => '/root',
shell  => '/bin/bash',
}
}
class alluser::xiaonuo{
@user { 'xiaonuo':
ensure => present,
uid    => '600',
gid    => '600',
home   => '/home/xiaonuo',
shell  => '/sbin/nologin',
}
}

1.3 创建虚拟组puppet、root和xiaonuo

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# vim manifests/nodes/virtual_group.pp
class allgroup{
include allgroup::puppet,allgroup::root
}
class allgroup::puppet{
@group { 'puppet':
ensure    => present,
name      => 'puppet',
gid       => '52',
allowdupe => false,
members   => 'puppet',
}
}
class allgroup::root{
@group { 'root':
ensure    => present,
name      => 'root',
gid       => '0',
allowdupe => false,
members   => 'root',
}
}
class allgroup::xiaonuo{
@group { 'xiaonuo':
ensure    => present,
name      => 'xiaonuo',
gid       => '600',
allowdupe => false,
members   => 'xiaonuo',
}
}

2. 编写puppet模块，将虚拟资源用户puppet和组puppet实化

2.1 编写pupppet模块

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# tree environment/modules/puppet
environment/modules/puppet
├── files
├── manifests
│   ├── config.pp
│   ├── init.pp
│   ├── install.pp
│   ├── params.pp
│   └── service.pp
├── README
└── templates
├── auth.conf.erb
├── namespaceauth.conf.erb
└── puppet.conf.erb
3 directories, 9 files

2.2 编写puppet_linux57poc模块

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# tree agents/modules/puppet_linux57poc/
agents/modules/puppet_linux57poc/
├── files
├── manifests
│   └── init.pp
└── templates
├── facts.txt.erb
└── motd.erb
3 directories, 3 files

2.3 实例化虚拟资源

2.3.1 在puppet模块中实例化

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# vim environment/modules/puppet/manifests/config.pp
class puppet::config{
include puppet::params
include puppet::puppet_config,puppet::namespaceauth_config,puppet::auth_config,puppet::user,puppet::group
include alluser,allgroup #必须将节点作用域中的类包含进来
}
class puppet::puppet_config{
file { '/etc/puppet/puppet.conf':
ensure  => present,
content => template('puppet/puppet.conf.erb'),
owner   => 'puppet',
group   => 'puppet',
mode    => '0644',
backup  => main,
require => Class['puppet::install','puppet::user','puppet::group'],
notify  => Class['puppet::service'],
}
}
class puppet::auth_config{
file { '/etc/puppet/auth.conf':
ensure  => present,
content => template('puppet/auth.conf.erb'),
owner   => 'puppet',
group   => 'puppet',
mode    => '0644',
backup  => main,
require => Class['puppet::install','puppet::user','puppet::group'],
notify  => Class['puppet::service'],
}
}
class puppet::namespaceauth_config{
file { '/etc/puppet/namespaceauth.conf':
ensure  => present,
content => template('puppet/namespaceauth.conf.erb'),
owner   => 'puppet',
group   => 'puppet',
mode    => '0644',
backup  => main,
require => Class['puppet::install','puppet::user','puppet::group'],
notify  => Class['puppet::service'],
}
}
class puppet::user{ #使用飞船语法实化用户puppet资源
#  realize User['puppet']
User <| title == 'puppet' |>
}
class puppet::group{ #使用realize函数实化组puppet资源
realize Group['puppet']
#  Group <| title == 'puppet' |>
}

2.3.2 在puppet_linux57poc模块中实例化

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# cat agents/modules/puppet_linux57poc/manifests/init.pp
class puppet_linux57poc{
include puppet_linux57poc::motd_install,puppet_linux57poc::motd_config,puppet_linux57poc::facts,puppet_linux57poc::user,puppet_linux57poc::group
include alluser,allgroup #必须将节点作用域中的类包含进来
}
class puppet_linux57poc::motd_install{
package{ setup:
ensure => present,
}
}
class puppet_linux57poc::motd_config{
file{ "/etc/motd":
owner   => "xiaonuo",
group   => "root",
mode    => 0440,
content => template("puppet_linux57poc/motd.erb"),
backup  => 'main',
require => Class['puppet_linux57poc::motd_install','puppet_linux57poc::user','puppet_linux57poc::group']
}
}
class puppet_linux57poc::facts{
file{ "/etc/mcollective/facts.txt":
owner   => "root",
group   => "root",
mode    => 0400,
content => template("puppet_linux57poc/facts.txt.erb"),
backup  => 'main',
require => Class['puppet_linux57poc::motd_install','puppet_linux57poc::user','puppet_linux57poc::group']
}
}
class puppet_linux57poc::user{  #使用realize函数实化用户xiaonuo和root资源
realize( User['xiaonuo'],
User['root'] )
}
class puppet_linux57poc::group{ #使用realize函数实化组xiaonuo和root资源
realize( Group['xiaonuo'],
Group['root'] )
}

3. 测试

3.1 测试puppet模块（略）

3.2 测试puppet_linux57poc模块

3.2.1 查看当前系统是否有xiaonuo用户和组

[root@linux57poc puppet]# id xiaonuo
id: xiaonuo: No such user
[root@linux57poc puppet]# cat /etc/group | grep xiaonuo
[root@linux57poc puppet]#
[root@linux57poc puppet]# ll /etc/motd
-rwxrwxrwx 1 puppet puppet 313 Jan  2 06:17 /etc/motd

3.2.2 同步puppetmaster

[root@linux57poc puppet]# puppet agent -t --environment=testing
info: Retrieving plugin
info: Loading facts in /var/lib/puppet/lib/facter/fact_apply.rb
info: Caching catalog for puppet_linux57poc.dev.shanghaigm.com
info: Applying configuration version '1389555288'
notice: /Stage[main]/Allservice::Lm_sensors_service/Service[lm_sensors]/ensure: ensure changed 'running' to 'stopped'
notice: /Group[xiaonuo]/ensure: created
notice: /Stage[main]/Alluser::Xiaonuo/User[xiaonuo]/ensure: created
...
info: FileBucket adding {md5}b2090646c444c5ddf1533749743ebd71
info: /Stage[main]/Mcollective::Facter/File[/etc/mcollective/facts.yaml]: Filebucketed /etc/mcollective/facts.yaml to main with sum b2090646c444c5ddf1533749743ebd71
notice: /Stage[main]/Sysctl::Exec/Exec[sysctl -p >/dev/null &]/returns: executed successfully
notice: /Stage[main]/Puppet_linux57poc::Motd_config/File[/etc/motd]/owner: owner changed 'puppet' to 'xiaonuo'
notice: /Stage[main]/Puppet_linux57poc::Motd_config/File[/etc/motd]/group: group changed 'puppet' to 'root'
notice: /Stage[main]/Puppet_linux57poc::Motd_config/File[/etc/motd]/mode: mode changed '0777' to '0440'
notice: /Stage[main]/Allservice::Bluetooth_service/Service[bluetooth]/ensure: ensure changed 'running' to 'stopped'
notice: Finished catalog run in 4.54 seconds

3.2.3 验证结果是否正确

[root@linux57poc puppet]# id xiaonuo
uid=600(xiaonuo) gid=600(xiaonuo) groups=600(xiaonuo)
[root@linux57poc puppet]# cat /etc/group | grep xiaonuo
xiaonuo:x:600:
[root@linux57poc puppet]# ll /etc/motd
-r--r----- 1 xiaonuo root 313 Jan  2 06:17 /etc/motd
[root@linux57poc puppet]#