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cocos2dx----屏幕自适应

2014-01-08 17:25 363 查看

我使用的版本是cocos2d-2.0-x-2.0.4，cocos2dx-2.0版本对多分辨率适配提供了很好的支持，使用起来比1.0版本要简单些，1.0版本的适配可以参考这篇博文。

1. 做2.0版本的适配首先需要了解下面这些知识。

(1)适配策略

2.0版本提供了三种适配策略：

kResolutionNoBorder：超出屏幕的部分会被裁剪，两侧没有黑边，铺满屏幕，按图片原始比例显示，图片不变形。

kResolutionShowAll：整个游戏界面是可见的，会按原始比例进行缩放，图片不变形，但两侧可能会留有黑边，不铺满屏幕。

kResolutionExactFit：整个游戏界面是可见的，图片可能会进行拉伸或者压缩处理，铺满屏幕，图片会变形。

可以根据自己的要求选择。

(2)VisibleSize和VisibleOrigin

getVisibleSize：表示获得视口(可视区域)的大小，如果DesignResolutionSize跟屏幕尺寸一样大，则getVisibleSize等于getWinSize。

getVisibleOrigin：表示可视区域的起点坐标，这在处理相对位置的时候非常有用，确保节点在不同分辨率下的位置一致。

(3)DesignResolutionSize

DesignResolutionSize是一个比较重要的概念，其实2.0版本的适配跟1.0版本原理差不多，都是按比例进行缩放。这个DesignResolutionSize表示设计方案，就是你的游戏完美支持的分辨率方案，一般根据图片资源的尺寸来定，自适配时会按照这个分辨率计算出缩放因子。因此，这个值也应该是动态的，如果是横屏游戏则高度肯定是铺满屏幕的，宽度也要尽可能的铺满屏幕，因此应该选择宽高比最大的作为设计分辨率，下面的demo会给出使用方法。

(4)设置相对位置

在游戏中使用相对位置设置坐标的好处是显而易见的，这样就不需要为每个分辨率都定义一套坐标了。首先得定义一些参考点，引擎的TestCpp例子中就提供了一种方法，以屏幕上可视区域的9个点作为参考点，相当于在该矩形内写一个米字，这9个点分别是：左上、左、左下、下、右下、右、右上、上、中心。

2. 下面来实现一个简单的demo，首先创建一个win32工程，这个就不详述了。

(1)创建一个AppMacros.h文件，定义了一些宏，源码如下：

[cpp]
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#ifndef __APPMACROS_H__ #define __APPMACROS_H__ #include "cocos2d.h" typedef struct tagResource { cocos2d::CCSize size; char directory[100]; }Resource; //可用的资源尺寸 static Resource smallResource = { cocos2d::CCSizeMake(480, 320), "iphone" }; static Resource mediumResource = { cocos2d::CCSizeMake(1024, 768), "ipad" }; static Resource largeResource = { cocos2d::CCSizeMake(2048, 1536), "ipadhd" }; //设计方案 static cocos2d::CCSize smallDesignResolutionSize = cocos2d::CCSizeMake(480.0f, 320.0f); static cocos2d::CCSize mediumDesignResolutionSize = cocos2d::CCSizeMake(1024.0f, 768.0f); static cocos2d::CCSize largeDesignResolutionSize = cocos2d::CCSizeMake(2048.0f, 1536.0f); //缩放因子，主要给文字标签使用 #define SCALE_FACTOR (cocos2d::CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView()->getDesignResolutionSize().width / smallResource.size.width) #endif

#ifndef __APPMACROS_H__
#define __APPMACROS_H__

#include "cocos2d.h"

typedef struct tagResource
{
cocos2d::CCSize size;
char directory[100];
}Resource;

//可用的资源尺寸
static Resource smallResource  =  { cocos2d::CCSizeMake(480, 320),   "iphone" };
static Resource mediumResource =  { cocos2d::CCSizeMake(1024, 768),  "ipad"   };
static Resource largeResource  =  { cocos2d::CCSizeMake(2048, 1536), "ipadhd" };

//设计方案
static cocos2d::CCSize smallDesignResolutionSize = cocos2d::CCSizeMake(480.0f, 320.0f);
static cocos2d::CCSize mediumDesignResolutionSize = cocos2d::CCSizeMake(1024.0f, 768.0f);
static cocos2d::CCSize largeDesignResolutionSize = cocos2d::CCSizeMake(2048.0f, 1536.0f);

//缩放因子，主要给文字标签使用
#define SCALE_FACTOR  (cocos2d::CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView()->getDesignResolutionSize().width / smallResource.size.width)

#endif


(2)接下来修改AppDelegate.cpp文件的applicationDidFinishLaunching函数，添加以下代码：

[cpp]
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bool AppDelegate::applicationDidFinishLaunching() { // initialize director CCDirector *pDirector = CCDirector::sharedDirector(); CCEGLView *pEGLView = CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView(); pDirector->setOpenGLView(pEGLView); CCSize frameSize = pEGLView->getFrameSize(); float ratio = frameSize.width / frameSize.height; float ratio1 = largeDesignResolutionSize.width / largeDesignResolutionSize.height; float ratio2 = mediumDesignResolutionSize.width / mediumDesignResolutionSize.height; float ratio3 = smallDesignResolutionSize.width / smallDesignResolutionSize.height; float d1 = abs(ratio - ratio1); float d2 = abs(ratio - ratio2); float d3 = abs(ratio - ratio3); std::map<float, CCSize> designSize; designSize[d1] = largeDesignResolutionSize; designSize[d2] = mediumDesignResolutionSize; designSize[d3] = smallDesignResolutionSize; std::map<float, CCSize>::reverse_iterator iter = designSize.rbegin(); //得到key最大的，因此我这里是横屏，所以以高度为基准，为了确保缩放后宽度能全屏，所以选取宽高比最大的为设计方案 CCSize designResolutionSize = iter->second; //pEGLView->setDesignResolutionSize(designResolutionSize.width, designResolutionSize.height, kResolutionNoBorder); pEGLView->setDesignResolutionSize(designResolutionSize.width, designResolutionSize.height, kResolutionShowAll); //pEGLView->setDesignResolutionSize(designResolutionSize.width, designResolutionSize.height, kResolutionExactFit); if (frameSize.height > mediumResource.size.height) { CCFileUtils::sharedFileUtils()->setResourceDirectory(largeResource.directory); pDirector->setContentScaleFactor(largeResource.size.height/designResolutionSize.height); } else if (frameSize.height > smallResource.size.height) { CCFileUtils::sharedFileUtils()->setResourceDirectory(mediumResource.directory); pDirector->setContentScaleFactor(mediumResource.size.height/designResolutionSize.height); } else { CCFileUtils::sharedFileUtils()->setResourceDirectory(smallResource.directory); pDirector->setContentScaleFactor(smallResource.size.height/designResolutionSize.height); } pDirector->setDisplayStats(true); pDirector->setAnimationInterval(1.0 / 60); CCScene *pScene = HelloWorld::scene(); pDirector->runWithScene(pScene); return true; }

bool AppDelegate::applicationDidFinishLaunching()
{
// initialize director
CCDirector *pDirector = CCDirector::sharedDirector();
CCEGLView *pEGLView = CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView();
pDirector->setOpenGLView(pEGLView);

CCSize frameSize = pEGLView->getFrameSize();
float ratio = frameSize.width / frameSize.height;
float ratio1 = largeDesignResolutionSize.width / largeDesignResolutionSize.height;
float ratio2 = mediumDesignResolutionSize.width / mediumDesignResolutionSize.height;
float ratio3 = smallDesignResolutionSize.width / smallDesignResolutionSize.height;
float d1 = abs(ratio - ratio1);
float d2 = abs(ratio - ratio2);
float d3 = abs(ratio - ratio3);
std::map<float, CCSize> designSize;
designSize[d1] = largeDesignResolutionSize;
designSize[d2] = mediumDesignResolutionSize;
designSize[d3] = smallDesignResolutionSize;
std::map<float, CCSize>::reverse_iterator iter = designSize.rbegin();
//得到key最大的，因此我这里是横屏，所以以高度为基准，为了确保缩放后宽度能全屏，所以选取宽高比最大的为设计方案
CCSize designResolutionSize = iter->second;

//pEGLView->setDesignResolutionSize(designResolutionSize.width, designResolutionSize.height, kResolutionNoBorder);
pEGLView->setDesignResolutionSize(designResolutionSize.width, designResolutionSize.height, kResolutionShowAll);
//pEGLView->setDesignResolutionSize(designResolutionSize.width, designResolutionSize.height, kResolutionExactFit);

if (frameSize.height > mediumResource.size.height)
{
CCFileUtils::sharedFileUtils()->setResourceDirectory(largeResource.directory);
pDirector->setContentScaleFactor(largeResource.size.height/designResolutionSize.height);
}
else if (frameSize.height > smallResource.size.height)
{
CCFileUtils::sharedFileUtils()->setResourceDirectory(mediumResource.directory);
pDirector->setContentScaleFactor(mediumResource.size.height/designResolutionSize.height);
}
else
{
CCFileUtils::sharedFileUtils()->setResourceDirectory(smallResource.directory);
pDirector->setContentScaleFactor(smallResource.size.height/designResolutionSize.height);
}

pDirector->setDisplayStats(true);

pDirector->setAnimationInterval(1.0 / 60);

CCScene *pScene = HelloWorld::scene();

pDirector->runWithScene(pScene);

return true;
}


(3)创建VisibleRect.h和VisibleRect.cpp文件，封装了获取那9个点坐标的函数，比较简单。代码如下：

VisibleRect.h

[cpp]
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#ifndef __VISIBLERECT_H__ #define __VISIBLERECT_H__ #include "cocos2d.h" USING_NS_CC; class VisibleRect { public: static CCRect getVisibleRect(); static CCPoint left(); static CCPoint right(); static CCPoint top(); static CCPoint bottom(); static CCPoint center(); static CCPoint leftTop(); static CCPoint rightTop(); static CCPoint leftBottom(); static CCPoint rightBottom(); private: static void lazyInit(); static CCRect s_visibleRect; }; #endif

#ifndef __VISIBLERECT_H__
#define __VISIBLERECT_H__

#include "cocos2d.h"
USING_NS_CC;

class VisibleRect
{
public:
static CCRect getVisibleRect();

static CCPoint left();
static CCPoint right();
static CCPoint top();
static CCPoint bottom();
static CCPoint center();
static CCPoint leftTop();
static CCPoint rightTop();
static CCPoint leftBottom();
static CCPoint rightBottom();
private:
static void lazyInit();
static CCRect s_visibleRect;
};

#endif


VisibleRect.cpp

[cpp]
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#include "VisibleRect.h"

CCRect VisibleRect::s_visibleRect;

void VisibleRect::lazyInit()
{
if (s_visibleRect.size.width == 0.0f && s_visibleRect.size.height == 0.0f)
{
CCEGLView* pEGLView = CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView();
s_visibleRect.origin = pEGLView->getVisibleOrigin();
s_visibleRect.size = pEGLView->getVisibleSize();
}
}

CCRect VisibleRect::getVisibleRect()
{
lazyInit();
return CCRectMake(s_visibleRect.origin.x, s_visibleRect.origin.y, s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.size.height);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::left()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height/2);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::right()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x+s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height/2);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::top()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width/2, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::bottom()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width/2, s_visibleRect.origin.y);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::center()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width/2, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height/2);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::leftTop()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::rightTop()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::leftBottom()
{
lazyInit();
return s_visibleRect.origin;
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::rightBottom()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.origin.y);
}

#include "VisibleRect.h"

CCRect VisibleRect::s_visibleRect;

void VisibleRect::lazyInit()
{
if (s_visibleRect.size.width == 0.0f && s_visibleRect.size.height == 0.0f)
{
CCEGLView* pEGLView = CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView();
s_visibleRect.origin = pEGLView->getVisibleOrigin();
s_visibleRect.size = pEGLView->getVisibleSize();
}
}

CCRect VisibleRect::getVisibleRect()
{
lazyInit();
return CCRectMake(s_visibleRect.origin.x, s_visibleRect.origin.y, s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.size.height);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::left()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height/2);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::right()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x+s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height/2);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::top()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width/2, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::bottom()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width/2, s_visibleRect.origin.y);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::center()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width/2, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height/2);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::leftTop()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::rightTop()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.origin.y + s_visibleRect.size.height);
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::leftBottom()
{
lazyInit();
return s_visibleRect.origin;
}

CCPoint VisibleRect::rightBottom()
{
lazyInit();
return ccp(s_visibleRect.origin.x + s_visibleRect.size.width, s_visibleRect.origin.y);
}


(4)修改HelloWorldScene.cpp的init函数，使用相对位置设置坐标。

[cpp]
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bool HelloWorld::init() { if ( !CCLayer::init() ) { return false; } CCMenuItemImage *pCloseItem = CCMenuItemImage::create( "CloseNormal.png", "CloseSelected.png", this, menu_selector(HelloWorld::menuCloseCallback)); pCloseItem->setPosition(ccpAdd(VisibleRect::rightBottom(), ccp(-pCloseItem->getContentSize().width/2, pCloseItem->getContentSize().height/2))); CCMenu* pMenu = CCMenu::create(pCloseItem, NULL); pMenu->setPosition(CCPointZero); this->addChild(pMenu, 1); CCLabelTTF* pLabel = CCLabelTTF::create("Hello World", "Arial", SCALE_FACTOR * 24); pLabel->setPosition(ccpAdd(VisibleRect::top(), ccp(0, -pLabel->getContentSize().height))); this->addChild(pLabel, 1); CCSprite* pSprite = CCSprite::create("HelloWorld.png"); pSprite->setPosition(VisibleRect::center()); this->addChild(pSprite, 0); CCSprite *pLogoSprite = CCSprite::create("icon.png"); pLogoSprite->setAnchorPoint( ccp(0, 0.5) ); pLogoSprite->setPosition(ccpAdd(VisibleRect::left(), ccp(50, 0))); this->addChild(pLogoSprite, 0); return true; }

bool HelloWorld::init()
{
if ( !CCLayer::init() )
{
return false;
}
CCMenuItemImage *pCloseItem = CCMenuItemImage::create(
"CloseNormal.png",
"CloseSelected.png",
this,
menu_selector(HelloWorld::menuCloseCallback));

pCloseItem->setPosition(ccpAdd(VisibleRect::rightBottom(),
ccp(-pCloseItem->getContentSize().width/2, pCloseItem->getContentSize().height/2)));

CCMenu* pMenu = CCMenu::create(pCloseItem, NULL);
pMenu->setPosition(CCPointZero);
this->addChild(pMenu, 1);

CCLabelTTF* pLabel = CCLabelTTF::create("Hello World", "Arial", SCALE_FACTOR * 24);
pLabel->setPosition(ccpAdd(VisibleRect::top(),
ccp(0, -pLabel->getContentSize().height)));
this->addChild(pLabel, 1);

CCSprite* pSprite = CCSprite::create("HelloWorld.png");
pSprite->setPosition(VisibleRect::center());
this->addChild(pSprite, 0);

CCSprite *pLogoSprite = CCSprite::create("icon.png");
pLogoSprite->setAnchorPoint( ccp(0, 0.5) );
pLogoSprite->setPosition(ccpAdd(VisibleRect::left(), ccp(50, 0)));
this->addChild(pLogoSprite, 0);

return true;
}


(5)创建窗口，main.cpp的主要内容：

[cpp]
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AppDelegate app; CCEGLView* eglView = CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView(); //eglView->setFrameSize(2048, 1536); //eglView->setFrameSize(480, 320); //eglView->setFrameSize(800, 480); //eglView->setFrameSize(1024, 768); //eglView->setFrameSize(1280, 800); eglView->setFrameSize(1280, 768); //eglView->setFrameSize(960, 640); eglView->setFrameZoomFactor(0.5f); int ret = CCApplication::sharedApplication()->run();

AppDelegate app;
CCEGLView* eglView = CCEGLView::sharedOpenGLView();
//eglView->setFrameSize(2048, 1536);
//eglView->setFrameSize(480, 320);
//eglView->setFrameSize(800, 480);
//eglView->setFrameSize(1024, 768);
//eglView->setFrameSize(1280, 800);
eglView->setFrameSize(1280, 768);
//eglView->setFrameSize(960, 640);
eglView->setFrameZoomFactor(0.5f);

int ret = CCApplication::sharedApplication()->run();


OK，到此为止，代码部分已经完成了，下面看看在各种分辨率和不同策略下的效果图：

1. kResolutionShowAll策略：

(1)2048×1536



(2)1024×768



(3)480×320



(4)800×480



(5)1280×800



(6)960×640



2. kResolutionExactFit策略（拉伸）

1280×768分辨率



3.
kResolutionNoBorder策略（填满界面，超出的切割掉）

1280×768分辨率



demo源码：http://download.csdn.net/detail/zhoujianghai/4847206
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