抢先体验RedHat Enterprise Linux 7.0之XFS管理

默认在rhel7中的文件系统格式是xfs，当然也可以创建ext3或者ext4，这里演示下xfs文件系统的简单管理。
1.创建逻辑卷

//创建PV
[root@rhel7 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sd{b,c,d}
Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdd" successfully created
[root@rhel7 ~]# pvs
PV         VG     Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree
/dev/sda2  rootvg lvm2 a--  18.56g  4.00m
/dev/sdb          lvm2 a--  20.00g 20.00g
/dev/sdc          lvm2 a--  20.00g 20.00g
/dev/sdd          lvm2 a--  20.00g 20.00g
//创建VG
[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn ~]# vgcreate testvg /dev/sdb
Volume group "testvg" successfully created
[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn ~]# vgs
VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree
rootvg   1   2   0 wz--n- 18.56g  4.00m
testvg   1   0   0 wz--n- 20.00g 20.00g
//创建LV
[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn ~]# lvcreate -n lv11 -L +5G testvg
Logical volume "lv11" created
[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn ~]# lvcreate -n lv12 -L +5G testvg
Logical volume "lv12" created

2.创建xfs文件系统

[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/testvg/lv11
meta-data=/dev/testvg/lv11       isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=327680 blks
=                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
=                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1310720, imaxpct=25
=                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=12800, version=2
=                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/testvg/lv12
meta-data=/dev/testvg/lv12       isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=327680 blks
=                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
=                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1310720, imaxpct=25
=                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=12800, version=2
=                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

3.挂在xfs文件系统

[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn ~]# mount /dev/testvg/lv11 /u01
[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn ~]# df -h
文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/rootvg-lv01   15G  3.8G   11G   26% /
devtmpfs                 927M     0  927M    0% /dev
tmpfs                    934M   80K  934M    1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    934M  2.6M  931M    1% /run
tmpfs                    934M     0  934M    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                484M  106M  379M   22% /boot
/dev/mapper/testvg-lv11  5.0G   33M  5.0G    1% /u01

4.扩大xfs文件系统

[root@rhel7 ~]# lvextend -L +1G /dev/testvg/lv11
Extending logical volume lv11 to 6.00 GiB
Logical volume lv11 successfully resized
[root@rhel7 ~]# xfs_growfs /u01/
meta-data=/dev/mapper/testvg-lv11 isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=327680 blks
=                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
=                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1310720, imaxpct=25
=                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=12800, version=2
=                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 1310720 to 1572864
[root@rhel7 ~]# df -h
文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/rootvg-lv01   15G  3.8G   11G   26% /
devtmpfs                 927M     0  927M    0% /dev
tmpfs                    934M   92K  934M    1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    934M  2.8M  931M    1% /run
tmpfs                    934M     0  934M    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                484M  106M  379M   22% /boot
/dev/mapper/testvg-lv11  6.0G   33M  6.0G    1% /u01

5.备份xfs文件系统

[root@rhel7 ~]# xfsdump -l 0 -f /u02/u01.dmp /dev/testvg/lv11
xfsdump: using file dump (drive_simple) strategy
xfsdump: version 3.1.3 (dump format 3.0) - type ^C for status and control
============================= dump label dialog ==============================
please enter label for this dump session (timeout in 300 sec)
-> Full_bkp
session label entered: "Full_bkp"
--------------------------------- end dialog ---------------------------------
xfsdump: level 0 dump of rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn:/u01
xfsdump: dump date: Fri Jan  3 22:21:05 2014
xfsdump: session id: a389be53-fc2c-4a22-92d0-cd0c1fdbb06e
xfsdump: session label: "Full_bkp"
xfsdump: ino map phase 1: constructing initial dump list
xfsdump: ino map phase 2: skipping (no pruning necessary)
xfsdump: ino map phase 3: skipping (only one dump stream)
xfsdump: ino map construction complete
xfsdump: estimated dump size: 196928 bytes
xfsdump: /var/lib/xfsdump/inventory created
============================= media label dialog =============================
please enter label for media in drive 0 (timeout in 300 sec)
-> Test
media label entered: "Test"
--------------------------------- end dialog ---------------------------------
xfsdump: creating dump session media file 0 (media 0, file 0)
xfsdump: dumping ino map
xfsdump: dumping directories
xfsdump: dumping non-directory files
xfsdump: ending media file
xfsdump: media file size 182304 bytes
xfsdump: dump size (non-dir files) : 145888 bytes
xfsdump: dump complete: 15 seconds elapsed
xfsdump: Dump Summary:
xfsdump:   stream 0 /u02/u01.dmp OK (success)
xfsdump: Dump Status: SUCCESS

6.恢复xfs文件系统备份

[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn ~]# cd /u01/
[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn u01]# ls
asound.conf            e2fsck.conf   krb5.conf       man_db.conf    oddjobd.conf      resolv.conf     sysctl.conf
autofs_ldap_auth.conf  fprintd.conf  ksmtuned.conf   mke2fs.conf    opensc.conf       rsyncd.conf     updatedb.conf
brltty.conf            fuse.conf     ld.so.conf      mtools.conf    pbm2ppa.conf      rsyslog.conf    usb_modeswitch.conf
chrony.conf            hba.conf      libaudit.conf   nfsmount.conf  pnm2ppa.conf      sestatus.conf   vconsole.conf
colord.conf            host.conf     libuser.conf    nsswitch.conf  prelink.conf      sos.conf        wvdial.conf
dnsmasq.conf           idmapd.conf   locale.conf     ntp.conf       radvd.conf        sudo.conf       yum.conf
dracut.conf            kdump.conf    logrotate.conf  numad.conf     request-key.conf  sudo-ldap.conf
[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn u01]# rm -rf *
[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn u01]# ls
[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn u01]#
[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn ~]# xfsrestore -f /u02/u01.dmp /u01
xfsrestore: using file dump (drive_simple) strategy
xfsrestore: version 3.1.3 (dump format 3.0) - type ^C for status and control
xfsrestore: searching media for dump
xfsrestore: examining media file 0
xfsrestore: dump description:
xfsrestore: hostname: rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn
xfsrestore: mount point: /u01
xfsrestore: volume: /dev/mapper/testvg-lv11
xfsrestore: session time: Fri Jan  3 22:21:05 2014
xfsrestore: level: 0
xfsrestore: session label: "Full_bkp"
xfsrestore: media label: "Test"
xfsrestore: file system id: cc858c9e-d5fb-4812-b99a-38f2779e047f
xfsrestore: session id: a389be53-fc2c-4a22-92d0-cd0c1fdbb06e
xfsrestore: media id: b62663cd-386c-485c-bb76-5acdbe98fc81
xfsrestore: using online session inventory
xfsrestore: searching media for directory dump
xfsrestore: reading directories
xfsrestore: 1 directories and 48 entries processed
xfsrestore: directory post-processing
xfsrestore: restoring non-directory files
xfsrestore: restore complete: 0 seconds elapsed
xfsrestore: Restore Summary:
xfsrestore:   stream 0 /u02/u01.dmp OK (success)
xfsrestore: Restore Status: SUCCESS
[root@rhel7-xzxj-edu-cn ~]# ls /u01
asound.conf            e2fsck.conf   krb5.conf       man_db.conf    oddjobd.conf      resolv.conf     sysctl.conf
autofs_ldap_auth.conf  fprintd.conf  ksmtuned.conf   mke2fs.conf    opensc.conf       rsyncd.conf     updatedb.conf
brltty.conf            fuse.conf     ld.so.conf      mtools.conf    pbm2ppa.conf      rsyslog.conf    usb_modeswitch.conf
chrony.conf            hba.conf      libaudit.conf   nfsmount.conf  pnm2ppa.conf      sestatus.conf   vconsole.conf
colord.conf            host.conf     libuser.conf    nsswitch.conf  prelink.conf      sos.conf        wvdial.conf
dnsmasq.conf           idmapd.conf   locale.conf     ntp.conf       radvd.conf        sudo.conf       yum.conf
dracut.conf            kdump.conf    logrotate.conf  numad.conf     request-key.conf  sudo-ldap.conf

参考文献：

1.Storage Administration Guide
2.XFS User Guide