我的Linux生涯之Mysql：Day01[Mysql基本使用]例

登陆mysql服务器

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -h localhost -u root -p [password] Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 19 .... Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>

查看库

mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | test | +--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

打开库

mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed

查看所在库的表

mysql> show tables; +---------------------------+ | Tables_in_mysql | +---------------------------+ | columns_priv | | db | | func | | help_category | | help_keyword | | help_relation | | help_topic | | host | | proc | | procs_priv | | tables_priv | | time_zone | | | time_zone_leap_second | time_zone_name | | time_zone_transition | | time_zone_transition_type | | user | +---------------------------+ 17 rows in set (0.00 sec) //总计有17个表

查看表内的数据记录

mysql> select * from db; +------+---------+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+--------------+ | Host | Db | User | Select_priv | Insert_priv | Update_priv | Delete_priv | Create_priv | Drop_priv | Grant_priv | References_priv | Index_priv | Alter_priv | Create_tmp_table_priv | Lock_tables_priv | Create_view_priv | Show_view_priv | Create_routine_priv | Alter_routine_priv | Execute_priv | ..... +----------------+---------------------+--------------------+--------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

#默认是以数据库的形式显示的，加\G则以列形式显示
以列形式显示

mysql> select * from db\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Host: % Db: test User: Select_priv: Y Insert_priv: Y Update_priv: Y Delete_priv: Y Create_priv: Y .... *************************** 2. row *************************** Host: % Db: test\_% User: Select_priv: Y Insert_priv: Y Update_priv: Y Delete_priv: Y Create_priv: Y .... 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified mysql> mysql> create database hello mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | hello | | mysql | | studb | | sutdb | | test | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use hello mysql> create table t1( -> name varchar(10), -> age tinyint(2) unsigned, -> sex enum('boy','gril'), linkes set('book','music','film','football') -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 se mysql> show tables; +-----------------+ | Tables_in_hello | +-----------------+ | t1 | +-----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> desc t1; +--------+---------------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+---------------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | name | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | | | age | tinyint(2) unsigned | YES | | NULL | | | sex | enum('boy','gril') | YES | | NULL | | | linkes | set('book','music','film','football') | YES | | NULL | | +--------+---------------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

create table (数据库名.)表名（
字段名 字段类型[（宽度） 约束条件]，
字段名 字段类型[（宽度） 约束条件]，
......
）；
desc (数据库名.)表名； 查看表结构
select * from 表名； 查看表内容
insert into (数据库名.)表名（字段名1，字段名2，字段名n）
values（字段名1的值，字段名2的值，字段名n的值），
（字段名1的值，字段名2的值，字段名n的值）；
insert into stu_info(age)values(19);
create table t1(level tinyint unsigned); 无符号整数型

练习：
在数据库ygdb里创建员工信息表yg_data(保存员工的信息记录)
员工姓名 性别 年龄 入职时间 职位 工作 部门

mysql>create database ygdb #先创建一个数据库，名为ygdb。 mysql> show databases; #查看库。 +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | test | | ygdb | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) #统计出有4个对象。 mysql> select database(); //查看当前库 +------------+ | database() | +------------+ | ygdb | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table yg_data( //创建一个表 -> name char(3) not null, //定义类型及宽度，不允许空值 -> gender enum("boy","gril"), //定义枚举，单选 -> age tinyint(2) unsigned, //定义类型及显示宽度 -> entrytime year, -> position enum("staff","foreman","manager" ) default "staff" , -> work char(4), -> department enum("personnel","finance","plan") not null -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)

mysql> show tables; //查看表 +----------------+ | Tables_in_ygdb | +----------------+ | yg_tab | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> desc yg_data; //查看该表结构 +------------+------------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +------------+------------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | name | char(3) | NO | | NULL | | | gender | enum('boy','gril') | YES | | NULL | | | age | tinyint(2) unsigned | YES | | NULL | | | entrytime | year(4) | YES | | NULL | | | position | enum('staff','foreman','manager') | YES | | staff | | | work | char(4) | YES | | NULL | | | department | enum('personnel','finance','plan') | NO | | NULL | | +------------+------------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into yg_data //添加记录 -> values -> ("tom","boy","23","2013","staff","IT","plan") ->; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 secatch)

mysql> insert into yg_data -> values -> ("jear","gril","18","2012","manager","chef","finance"); Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into yg_data -> values ("keke","boy","24","2010","staff","driver","personnel"); Query OK, 1 row affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from yg_data; //查看该表所有信息 +------+--------+------+-----------+----------+------+------------+ | name | gender | age | entrytime | position | work | department | +------+--------+------+-----------+----------+------+------------+ | tom | boy | 23 | 2013 | staff | IT | plan | | jea | gril | 18 | 2012 | manager | chef | finance | | kek | boy | 24 | 2010 | staff | driv | personnel | +------+--------+------+-----------+----------+------+------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>