redhat 6.1 上静默安装11g



1、oracle安装文件上传

上传 linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip和

linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip到root根目录下,并用unzip解压。

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

1、检查包

rpm -qa | grep binutils-2.17.50.0.6

rpm -qa | grep compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3

rpm -qa | grep elfutils-libelf-0.125

rpm -qa | grep elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125

rpm -qa | grep elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125

rpm -qa | grep gcc-4.1.2

rpm -qa | grep gcc-c++-4.1.2

rpm -qa | grep glibc-2.5-24

rpm -qa | grep glibc-common-2.5

rpm -qa | grep glibc-devel-2.5

rpm -qa | grep glibc-headers-2.5

rpm -qa | grep kernel-headers-2.6.18

rpm -qa | grep ksh-20060214

rpm -qa | grep libaio-0.3.106

rpm -qa | grep libaio-devel-0.3.106

rpm -qa | grep libgcc-4.1.2

rpm -qa | grep libgomp-4.1.2

rpm -qa | grep libstdc++-4.1.2

rpm -qa | grep libstdc++-devel-4.1.2

rpm -qa | grep make-3.81

rpm -qa | grep numactl-devel-0.9.8.i386

rpm -qa | grep sysstat-7.0.2

rpm -qa | grep unixODBC-2.2.11

rpm -qa | grep unixODBC-devel-2.2.11

3、安装缺省包

rpm -ivh 缺省包.rpm

注：如果在安装包时，提示有关联，可以强制执行加入参数 --nodeps

4、主机名相关信息查看和设置

打开linux控制终端，查看内容输入以下命令：

more /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes

NETWORKING_IPV6=no

HOSTNAME=binbin (主机名)

5、配置文件

vi /etc/profile

找到ulimit –S –c 0 > /dev/null 2>&1

改成

ulimit -S -c unlimited > /dev/null 2>&1

6、系统内核参数设置

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

在原有的内容中加入

fs.suid_dumpable = 1

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

kernel.shmall = 2097152 （可以以默认为准）

kernel.shmmax = 536870912 （可以以默认为准）

保存后退出，使设置的参数生效输入以下命令：

cd /etc

sysctl -p （将刚才修改的参数设置生效）

7、进程数和最大会话数的设置

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

(在该文件的最后添加下面四行)

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

8、关联设置

vi /etc/pam.d/login

添加下面这行数据:

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

在/etc/profile文件中添加下列内容

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

9、Oracle相关设置

（注：cd /opt 在另一分区中建立，进入后再执行）

groupadd oinstall

groupadd dba

useradd oracle -g oinstall -G dba

passwd oracle（回车输入密码oracle）

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

cp /etc/skel/.bash_profile /u01/app/oracle

cp /etc/skel/.bashrc /u01/app/oracle

cp /etc/skel/.bash_logout /u01/app/oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11g/db_1

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

chmod 755 -R /u01

配置oracle用户使用数据库的环境变量（切换到oracle用户下su - oracle）：

su - oracle

vi .bash_profile

(下面是增加的内容)

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11g/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=binbin

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

env |grep ora查看配置的环境变量是否正确。

mv database /u01/app（database为oracle解压后的安装目录，现把它剪切到/u01/app下，可不移动）

cd /u01/app

chown -R oracle:oinstall database/

10、编辑安装需要的应答文件

静默模式(Silent)安装必须指定一个应答文件来完成安装过程所须的各类参数。在Oracle安装目录的response子目录里有：

dbca.rsp --建库的应答文件

db_install.rsp --建实例的应答文件

netca.rsp --建监听的应答文件

先新建一个实例，需修改以下这些项目的值。

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall --oracle用户用于安装软件的组名

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW --oracle运行语言环境,一般包括引文和简繁体中文

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11g/db_1 --Oracle安装目录

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle --oracle基础目录

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE --安装版本类型,一般是企业版

oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true --是否定制安装,默认Partitioning,OLAP,RAT都选上了

oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,

oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,

oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,

oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,

oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0 --定制安装组件列表:除了以上默认的,可加上Label Security和Database Vault

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba --oracle用户用于授予OSDBA权限的组名

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall --oracle用户用于授予OSOPER权限的组名

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=binbin --数据库全局名称

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=binbin --数据库SID

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=ZHS16GBK --字符集

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=1024 --内存大小

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false --是否安装示例库

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=binbin --所有用户设置同一密码

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=binbin

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=binbin

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=binbin

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=binbin

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false --是否email通知

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress=false --email地址

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE --数据库存储机制

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/u01/app/oracle/oradata --数据文件路径

oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=binbin

MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=xxx --metalink账号（11g静默安装需要，否则会报错）

MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=xxx --metalink密码

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false --是否需要在线安全更新,设置为false,该参数不要更改

11、安装单实例

./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq -responseFile /u01/app/database/response/db_install.rsp

各参数含义如下:

-silent 表示以静默方式安装,不会有任何提示

-force 允许安装到一个非空目录

-noconfig 表示不运行配置助手netca

-responseFile 表示使用哪个响应文件,必需使用绝对路径

1) 通过response文件静默安装, 大概3分钟左右:

控制台直到出现以下提示则表示安装完成:

The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.

#!/bin/sh

#Root scripts to run

/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

To execute the configuration scripts:

1. Open a terminal window

2. Log in as "root"

3. Run the scripts

4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue

Successfully Setup Software.

2) 安装期间查看安装日志信息了解安装进度:

cd $ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/logs

tail -100f installActions*.log

3) 安装的软件信息会写入inventory.xml文件, 如果需重运行则把该文件的对应安装条目信息删除即可:

vi $ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml

若本机第一次安装oracle软件, 则执行orainstRoot.sh来建立oraInst.loc文件和修改权限:

su -

/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

more /etc/oraInst.loc

执行$ORACLE_HOME下的root.sh来建立oratab,dbhome,oraenv,coraenv文件, 如果提示则一直回车:

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

more /etc/oratab

12、静默配置监听

通过response文件运行netca, 生成sqlnet.ora和listener.ora文件, 位于$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin目录下:

su - oracle

netca /silent /u01/app/database/response/netca.rsp

lsnrctl status

执行完后, 监听就已经启动了, 默认端口是1521, 默认是动态监听, 只要实例启动了就会监听到.

13、静默建库

修改 dbca.rsp

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0" --响应文件模板的版本,该参数不要更改

OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase" --安装类型,该参数不要更改

GDBNAME = "binbin" --数据库全局名称

SID = "binbin" --数据库SID

SYSPASSWORD = "binbin"

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "binbin"

SYSMANPASSWORD = "binbin"

DBSNMPPASSWORD = "binbin"

CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "system"

SYSDBAPASSWORD = "binbin"

DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "binbin"

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"

INSTANCENAME = "binbin"

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"

[oracle@binbin response]$ dbca -silent -responseFile /u01/app/database/response/dbca.rsp

Copying database files

1% complete

3% complete

11% complete

18% complete

26% complete

33% complete

37% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

40% complete

45% complete

50% complete

55% complete

56% complete

60% complete

62% complete

Completing Database Creation

66% complete

70% complete

73% complete

85% complete

96% complete

100% complete

Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/binbin/binbin0.log" for further details.

-silent 表示以静默方式安装

-responseFile 表示使用哪个响应文件,必需使用绝对路径

安装期间查看日志信息了解进度:

$ tail -100f $ORACLE_BASE/cfgtoollogs/dbca/$ORACLE_SID/$ORACLE_SID.log

14、建库后检查

[oracle@binbin dbca]$ ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep

oracle 10356 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:03 ora_pmon_binbin

oracle 10358 1 0 00:56 ? 00:01:28 ora_vktm_binbin

oracle 10362 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:01 ora_gen0_binbin

oracle 10364 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:02 ora_diag_binbin

oracle 10366 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:02 ora_dbrm_binbin

oracle 10368 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:01 ora_psp0_binbin

oracle 10370 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:12 ora_dia0_binbin

oracle 10372 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:02 ora_mman_binbin

oracle 10374 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:03 ora_dbw0_binbin

oracle 10376 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:02 ora_lgwr_binbin

oracle 10378 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:13 ora_ckpt_binbin

oracle 10380 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:01 ora_smon_binbin

oracle 10382 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_binbin

oracle 10384 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:08 ora_mmon_binbin

oracle 10386 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:11 ora_mmnl_binbin

oracle 10388 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_binbin

oracle 10390 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_binbin

oracle 10425 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:00 ora_qmnc_binbin

oracle 10440 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:05 ora_cjq0_binbin

oracle 10442 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:00 ora_q000_binbin

oracle 10444 1 0 00:56 ? 00:00:00 ora_q001_binbin

oracle 10477 1 0 01:01 ? 00:00:02 ora_smco_binbin

oracle 22041 1 0 06:51 ? 00:00:00 ora_w000_binbin

[oracle@binbin response]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Dec 10 07:12:46 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,

Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options

SQL> alter system register;

System altered.

[oracle@binbin dbca]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 10-DEC-2013 07:09:05

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date 10-DEC-2013 02:10:19

Uptime 0 days 4 hr. 58 min. 45 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11g/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/binbin/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=binbin)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "binbin" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "binbin", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "binbinXDB" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "binbin", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully