Initialization of data members

　　In C++, class variables are initialized in the same order as they appear in the class declaration.

　　Consider the below code.

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

class Test
{
private:
int y;
int x;
public:
Test() : x(10), y(x + 10)
{
}
void print();
};

void Test::print()
{
cout<<"x = "<<x<<" y = "<<y;
}

int main()
{
Test t;
t.print();
getchar();
return 0;
}

　　The program prints correct value of x, but some garbage value for y, because y is initialized before x as it appears before in the class declaration.

　　So one of the following two versions can be used to avoid the problem in above code.

// First: Change the order of declaration.
class Test
{
private:
int x;
int y;
public:
Test() : x(10), y(x + 10)
{
}
void print();
};

// Second: Change the order of initialization.
class Test
{
private:
int y;
int x;
public:
Test() : x(y-10), y(20)
{
}
void print();
};

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　　2013-11-26　　10:23:29