Ubuntu 12.04下安装OpenCV 2.4.2

1）在安装OpenCV前需要安装的软件包有GCC4.4.X or later，可通过命令sudo apt-get install build-essential安装CMake2.6 or laterSVN客户端GTK+2.Xor higher, including headers(libgtk2.0-dev)pkgconfigPython2.6 or later and Numpy 1.5 or later with developerpackages(python-dev, python-numpy)ffmpegor libav development packages: libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev,libswsacle-dev[可选]libdc13942.x[可选]libjpeg-dev,libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev所有的软件包都可在终端安装或者通过Synaptic软件管理器。终端安装依赖项：sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libjpeg-dev libtiff4-dev libjasper-dev libopenexr-dev cmake python-dev python-numpy python-tk libtbb-dev libeigen2-dev yasm libfaac-dev libopencore-amrnb-dev
libopencore-amrwb-dev libtheora-dev libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev libqt4-dev libqt4-opengl-dev sphinx-common texlive-latex-extra libv4l-dev libdc1394-22-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev2）下载最新版OpenCV打开网页：http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary下载安装包OpenCV-2.4.2.tar.bz2sudo tar jxvf OpenCV-2.4.2.tar.bz2 -C /usr/local/cd /usr/local/sudo mv OpenCV-2.4.2 opencvcd opencvmkdir releasecd releasecmake -D WITH_TBB=ON -D BUILD_NEW_PYTHON_SUPPORT=ON -D WITH_V4L=ON -DINSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -D WITH_QT=ON -D WITH_OPENGL=ON ..makesudo make install3）安装后的配置添加库的路径sudo gedit /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf

添加内容

/usr/local/lib

在终端输入命令

sudo ldconfig

设置环境变量

sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc

在文件最后加入以下两行并保存：

PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfigexport PKG_CONFIG_PATH此时重启Ubuntu或重新登录账户，使得OpenCV安装生效。

4）测试OpenCV自带例程编译程序：cd /usr/local/opencv/samples/cchmod +x build_all.sh./build_all.sh

运行程序：

./facedetect --cascade="/usr/local/share/OpenCV/haarcascades/haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml"
--scale=1.5 lena.jpg

运行结果如下：

运行程序：

./facedetect --cascade="/usr/local/share/OpenCV/haarcascades/haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml"
--nested-cascade="/usr/local/share/OpenCV/haarcascades/haarcascade_eye.xml" --scale=1.5 lena.jpg

运行结果如下：

运行程序：

python /usr/local/opencv/samples/python2/turing.py

程序结果如下：

注意，此时，图片的显示窗口是Qt界面。你可以随意对图片进行放大，缩小，可以保存图片等。当你放大图片到一定值，你可以看到每个像素对应的RGB值。http://www.samontab.com/web/2012/06/installing-opencv-2-4-1-ubuntu-12-04-lts/