<< Oracle高可用>>部分书面作业 - 第七课 Data Gaurd 设计和管理

1.分别从alert日志和相关视图中查看当前DG的工作状态，说明DG工作是否正常，在主库上做一次日至切换，观看alert日志和视图中信息的变化。
主库日志切换：
SQL> select sequence#,status from v$log;

SEQUENCE# STATUS
---------- ----------------
14 INACTIVE
15 ACTIVE
16 CURRENT

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select sequence#,status from v$log;

SEQUENCE# STATUS
---------- ----------------
17 CURRENT
15 INACTIVE
16 ACTIVE

SQL>

备库alter log：
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 16 (in transit)
Fri Aug 2 22:03:27 2013
RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/oracle/arch1/1_16_795970778.dbf'
Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode
RFS[2]: No standby redo logfiles created
Fri Aug 2 22:03:27 2013
Media Recovery Log /u01/oracle/arch1/1_16_795970778.dbf
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 17 (in transit)

备库视图：
SQL> select process,status,group#,thread#,sequence# from v$managed_standby;

PROCESS STATUS GROUP THREAD# SEQUENCE#
--------- ------------ ----- ---------- ----------
ARCH CONNECTED N/A 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED N/A 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED N/A 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED N/A 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED N/A 0 0
RFS IDLE N/A 0 0
RFS IDLE 1 1 17
MRP0 WAIT_FOR_LOG N/A 1 17

8 rows selected.

SQL>

--EOF--

2.用Read only方式打开standby db，做一些查询，然后恢复到打开前的状态(standby db的报表用途)。
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
PHYSTDBY MOUNTED

SQL> col DB_UNIQUE_NAME for a20
SQL> select name,db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

NAME DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------- ---------------- --------------------
ORCLDB PHYSTDBY MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY SESSIONS ACTIVE

SQL> recover managed standby database cancel;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> startup;
ORA-01081: cannot start already-running ORACLE - shut it down first
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> select name,db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

NAME DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------- ---------------- --------------------
ORCLDB PHYSTDBY READ ONLY PHYSICAL STANDBY SESSIONS ACTIVE

SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
PHYSTDBY OPEN

SQL> select * from scott.dept;

DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON

SQL>

--EOF--

3.用R/W方式打开standby数据库，创建一个对象，然后通过flashback database将standby db恢复到打开前的状态（standby db的应用测试用途）。
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 390070272 bytes
Fixed Size 2021024 bytes
Variable Size 134220128 bytes
Database Buffers 251658240 bytes
Redo Buffers 2170880 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> select flashback_on,db_unique_name from v$database;

FLASHBACK_ON DB_UNIQUE_NAME
------------------ --------------------
NO PHYSTDBY

SQL> show parameter db_recovery

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest string /u01/oracle/flash_recovery_are
a
db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 2G
SQL> alter database flashback on;

Database altered.

SQL> select flashback_on,db_unique_name from v$database;

FLASHBACK_ON DB_UNIQUE_NAME
------------------ --------------------
YES PHYSTDBY

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
alter database recover managed standby database cancel
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-16136: Managed Standby Recovery not active

SQL> create restore point rp_test guarantee flashback database;

Restore point created.

SQL> alter database activate standby database;

Database altered.

SQL> select name,db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

NAME DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------- ---------------- --------------------
ORCLDB PHYSTDBY MOUNTED PRIMARY TO STANDBY

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> select name,db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

NAME DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------- ---------------- --------------------
ORCLDB PHYSTDBY READ WRITE PRIMARY SESSIONS ACTIVE

SQL> create table t1 as select * from dba_objects where rownum<101;

Table created.

SQL> select count(1) from t1;

COUNT(1)
----------
100

SQL> drop table t1;

Table dropped.

SQL> flashback database to restore point rp_test;
flashback database to restore point rp_test
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-38757: Database must be mounted and not open to FLASHBACK.

SQL> startup mount force;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 390070272 bytes
Fixed Size 2021024 bytes
Variable Size 138414432 bytes
Database Buffers 247463936 bytes
Redo Buffers 2170880 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
PHYSTDBY MOUNTED

SQL> flashback database to restore point rp_test;

Flashback complete.

SQL>

SQL> select name,db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

NAME DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------- ---------------- --------------------
ORCLDB PHYSTDBY MOUNTED PRIMARY TO STANDBY

SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kcvcrv_fb_inc_mismatch], [0],
[525876], [795970778], [0], [594134], [822436151], []

SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01109: database not open

Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 390070272 bytes
Fixed Size 2021024 bytes
Variable Size 138414432 bytes
Database Buffers 247463936 bytes
Redo Buffers 2170880 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> select name,db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

NAME DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------- ---------------- --------------------
ORCLDB PHYSTDBY MOUNTED PRIMARY TO STANDBY

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
alter database recover managed standby database cancel
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01665: control file is not a standby control file

SQL> select controlfile_type from v$database;

CONTROL
-------
BACKUP

SQL> alter database convert to physical standby;

Database altered.

SQL> select name,db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
select name,db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01507: database not mounted

SQL> startup mount;
ORA-01081: cannot start already-running ORACLE - shut it down first
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
PHYSTDBY STARTED

SQL> alter database mount;
alter database mount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00750: database has been previously mounted and dismounted

SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 390070272 bytes
Fixed Size 2021024 bytes
Variable Size 138414432 bytes
Database Buffers 247463936 bytes
Redo Buffers 2170880 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> select name,db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

NAME DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------- ---------------- --------------------
ORCLDB PHYSTDBY MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY TO PRIMARY

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> select name,db_unique_name,open_mode,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

NAME DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------- ---------------- --------------------
ORCLDB PHYSTDBY READ ONLY PHYSICAL STANDBY TO PRIMARY

SQL> select controlfile_type from v$database;

CONTROL
-------
STANDBY

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL> shutdown abort;
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 390070272 bytes
Fixed Size 2021024 bytes
Variable Size 138414432 bytes
Database Buffers 247463936 bytes
Redo Buffers 2170880 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL>

--EOF--

4.做一次DG的switchover，最后恢复到最初状态。
主库转换为standby：
SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
------------------------------ ---------------- --------------------
WENDING PRIMARY SESSIONS ACTIVE

SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;

Database altered.

SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;
select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status from v$database
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01507: database not mounted

SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 390070272 bytes
Fixed Size 2021024 bytes
Variable Size 134220128 bytes
Database Buffers 251658240 bytes
Redo Buffers 2170880 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
------------------------------ ---------------- --------------------
WENDING PHYSICAL STANDBY TO PRIMARY

SQL>

主库alter log：
ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY (WENDING)
Fri Aug 2 23:22:49 2013
Thread 1 cannot allocate new log, sequence 20
Checkpoint not complete
Current log# 3 seq# 19 mem# 0: /u01/oracle/oradata/ORCLDB/redo03.log
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 20
Current log# 1 seq# 20 mem# 0: /u01/oracle/oradata/ORCLDB/redo01.log
Fri Aug 2 23:22:55 2013
Stopping background process CJQ0
Fri Aug 2 23:22:55 2013
SMON: disabling tx recovery
Fri Aug 2 23:22:55 2013
Stopping background process QMNC
Fri Aug 2 23:22:55 2013
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 21
Current log# 2 seq# 21 mem# 0: /u01/oracle/oradata/ORCLDB/redo02.log
Fri Aug 2 23:22:57 2013
Stopping Job queue slave processes
Fri Aug 2 23:23:05 2013
Waiting for Job queue slaves to complete
Fri Aug 2 23:23:50 2013
Job queue slave processes stopped
Waiting for dispatcher 'D000' to shutdown
All dispatchers and shared servers shutdown
Fri Aug 2 23:23:52 2013
SMON: disabling cache recovery
Fri Aug 2 23:23:52 2013
Shutting down archive processes
Archiving is disabled
Fri Aug 2 23:23:57 2013
ARCH shutting down
ARC4: Archival stopped
Fri Aug 2 23:24:02 2013
ARCH shutting down
ARC3: Archival stopped
Fri Aug 2 23:24:07 2013
ARCH shutting down
ARC2: Archival stopped
Fri Aug 2 23:24:12 2013
ARCH shutting down
ARC1: Archival stopped
Fri Aug 2 23:24:17 2013
ARCH shutting down
ARC0: Archival stopped
Fri Aug 2 23:24:18 2013
Thread 1 closed at log sequence 21
Successful close of redo thread 1
Fri Aug 2 23:24:18 2013
ARCH: Noswitch archival of thread 1, sequence 21
ARCH: End-Of-Redo Branch archival of thread 1 sequence 21
ARCH: Archiving is disabled due to current logfile archival
Clearing standby activation ID 2231915862 (0x85085556)
The primary database controlfile was created using the
'MAXLOGFILES 16' clause.
There is space for up to 13 standby redo logfiles
Use the following SQL commands on the standby database to create
standby redo logfiles that match the primary database:
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl1.f' SIZE 52428800;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl2.f' SIZE 52428800;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl3.f' SIZE 52428800;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl4.f' SIZE 52428800;
Archivelog for thread 1 sequence 21 required for standby recovery
MRP0 started with pid=10, OS id=30473
Fri Aug 2 23:24:18 2013
MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (WENDING)
Managed Standby Recovery not using Real Time Apply
Online logfile pre-clearing operation disabled by switchover
Media Recovery Log /u01/oracle/arch1/WENDING/1_21_795970778.dbf
Identified End-Of-Redo for thread 1 sequence 21
Fri Aug 2 23:24:23 2013
Media Recovery End-Of-Redo indicator encountered
Fri Aug 2 23:24:23 2013
Media Recovery Applied until change 597374
Fri Aug 2 23:24:23 2013
MRP0: Media Recovery Complete: End-Of-REDO (WENDING)
Resetting standby activation ID 2231915862 (0x85085556)
Fri Aug 2 23:24:24 2013
Waiting for MRP0 pid 30473 to terminate
Fri Aug 2 23:24:25 2013
MRP0: Background Media Recovery process shutdown (WENDING)
Fri Aug 2 23:24:25 2013
idle dispatcher 'D000' terminated, pid = (13, 1)
Fri Aug 2 23:24:25 2013
Switchover: Complete - Database shutdown required (WENDING)
Fri Aug 2 23:24:25 2013
Completed: alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown
Fri Aug 2 23:27:34 2013
Shutting down instance: further logons disabled
Fri Aug 2 23:27:34 2013
Stopping background process MMNL
Fri Aug 2 23:27:35 2013
Stopping background process MMON
Fri Aug 2 23:27:36 2013
Shutting down instance (immediate)
License high water mark = 7
Waiting for dispatcher 'D000' to shutdown
All dispatchers and shared servers shutdown
Fri Aug 2 23:27:38 2013
ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL
ORA-1507 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL...
ARCH: Archival disabled due to shutdown: 1089
Shutting down archive processes
Archiving is disabled
Archive process shutdown avoided: 0 active
ARCH: Archival disabled due to shutdown: 1089
Shutting down archive processes
Archiving is disabled
Archive process shutdown avoided: 0 active
Fri Aug 2 23:27:40 2013
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0
LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0
Picked latch-free SCN scheme 1
Autotune of undo retention is turned on.
IMODE=BR
ILAT =18
LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0
SYS auditing is disabled
ksdpec: called for event 13740 prior to event group initialization
Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 10.2.0.1.0.
System parameters with non-default values:
processes = 150
__shared_pool_size = 125829120
__large_pool_size = 4194304
__java_pool_size = 4194304
__streams_pool_size = 0
sga_target = 390070272
control_files = /u01/oracle/oradata/ORCLDB/control01.ctl, /u01/oracle/oradata/ORCLDB/control02.ctl, /u01/oracle/oradata/ORCLDB/control03.ctl
db_file_name_convert = PHYSTDBY, WENDING
log_file_name_convert = PHYSTDBY, WENDING
db_block_size = 8192
__db_cache_size = 251658240
compatible = 10.2.0.1.0
log_archive_config = DG_CONFIG=(WENDING,PHYSTDBY)
log_archive_dest_1 = LOCATION=/u01/oracle/arch1/WENDING
VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=WENDING
log_archive_dest_2 = SERVICE=db_phystdby LGWR ASYNC
VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=PHYSTDBY
log_archive_dest_state_1 = ENABLE
log_archive_dest_state_2 = ENABLE
log_archive_max_processes= 5
standby_archive_dest = LOCATION=/u01/oracle/arch1
fal_client = DB_WENDING
fal_server = DB_PHYSTDBY
db_file_multiblock_read_count= 16
db_recovery_file_dest = /u01/oracle/flash_recovery_area
db_recovery_file_dest_size= 2147483648
standby_file_management = AUTO
undo_management = AUTO
undo_tablespace = UNDOTBS1
remote_login_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE
db_domain =
dispatchers = (PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=WENDINGXDB)
job_queue_processes = 10
background_dump_dest = /u01/oracle/admin/ORCLDB/bdump
user_dump_dest = /u01/oracle/admin/ORCLDB/udump
core_dump_dest = /u01/oracle/admin/ORCLDB/cdump
audit_file_dest = /u01/oracle/admin/ORCLDB/adump
db_name = ORCLDB
db_unique_name = WENDING
open_cursors = 300
pga_aggregate_target = 94371840
PSP0 started with pid=3, OS id=30484
PMON started with pid=2, OS id=30482
MMAN started with pid=4, OS id=30486
DBW0 started with pid=5, OS id=30488
LGWR started with pid=6, OS id=30490
CKPT started with pid=7, OS id=30492
SMON started with pid=8, OS id=30494
RECO started with pid=9, OS id=30496
CJQ0 started with pid=10, OS id=30498
MMON started with pid=11, OS id=30500
Fri Aug 2 23:27:40 2013
starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'...
MMNL started with pid=12, OS id=30502
Fri Aug 2 23:27:40 2013
starting up 1 shared server(s) ...
Fri Aug 2 23:27:40 2013
ALTER DATABASE MOUNT
Fri Aug 2 23:27:44 2013
Setting recovery target incarnation to 2
ARCH: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
ARC0 started with pid=16, OS id=30509
ARC2 started with pid=18, OS id=30513
ARC1 started with pid=17, OS id=30511
ARC3 started with pid=19, OS id=30515
Fri Aug 2 23:27:45 2013
ARC0: Archival started
ARC1: Archival started
ARC2: Archival started
ARC3: Archival started
ARC4: Archival started
ARCH: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE
Fri Aug 2 23:27:45 2013
ARC0: Becoming the 'no FAL' ARCH
ARC0: Becoming the 'no SRL' ARCH
ARC0: Thread not mounted
Fri Aug 2 23:27:45 2013
ARC1: Becoming the heartbeat ARCH
ARC1: Thread not mounted
Fri Aug 2 23:27:45 2013
ARC2: Thread not mounted
Fri Aug 2 23:27:45 2013
ARC3: Thread not mounted
Fri Aug 2 23:27:45 2013
Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 2258372204
Fri Aug 2 23:27:45 2013
Physical Standby Database mounted.
Completed: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT
ARC4 started with pid=20, OS id=30517

备库alter log：

[oracle@dg2 bdump]$ tail alert_PHYSTDBY.log
....

Identified End-Of-Redo for thread 1 sequence 21
Fri Aug 2 23:23:24 2013
Media Recovery End-Of-Redo indicator encountered
Fri Aug 2 23:23:24 2013
Media Recovery Applied until change 597374
Fri Aug 2 23:23:24 2013
MRP0: Media Recovery Complete: End-Of-REDO (PHYSTDBY)
Resetting standby activation ID 2231915862 (0x85085556)
Fri Aug 2 23:23:24 2013
MRP0: Background Media Recovery process shutdown (PHYSTDBY)

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL>

备库转换为primary：

SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
-------------------- ---------------- --------------------
PHYSTDBY PHYSICAL STANDBY TO PRIMARY

SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary;

Database altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: database not open

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 390070272 bytes
Fixed Size 2021024 bytes
Variable Size 138414432 bytes
Database Buffers 247463936 bytes
Redo Buffers 2170880 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
-------------------- ---------------- --------------------
PHYSTDBY PRIMARY SESSIONS ACTIVE

SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
PHYSTDBY OPEN

SQL>

恢复最初状态：

备库上：
SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
-------------------- ---------------- --------------------
PHYSTDBY PRIMARY TO STANDBY

SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;

Database altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 390070272 bytes
Fixed Size 2021024 bytes
Variable Size 142608736 bytes
Database Buffers 243269632 bytes
Redo Buffers 2170880 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
-------------------- ---------------- --------------------
PHYSTDBY PHYSICAL STANDBY TO PRIMARY

SQL>

主库上：
SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
------------------------------ ---------------- --------------------
WENDING PHYSICAL STANDBY TO PRIMARY

SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary;

Database altered.

SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
------------------------------ ---------------- --------------------
WENDING PRIMARY TO STANDBY

SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
WENDING MOUNTED

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
------------------------------ ---------------- --------------------
WENDING PRIMARY SESSIONS ACTIVE

SQL>

--EOF--