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net-snmp（5.6.1）编译安装运行调试全记录

2013-09-13 10:24 453 查看

net-snmp 5.6.1 代码下载编译安装的过程相对比较简单，而且有官方的Guide，在此不再重复叙述，ubuntu 12.04 32bits/64bits 按照下面这个Guide 都测试成功了。

http://www.net-snmp.org/wiki/index.php/Net-Snmp_on_Ubuntu

安装 $ sudo make install > install.log 可以查看一下snmpd mibs 文件的安装位置，不然还真不好找，这里一般都是安装到 /usr/local/ 下面了。

要想执行 snmpwalk/snmpget 等命令，首先需要在本机上启动 snmpd 服务，snmpd 这个服务启动的难点和关键就在于 snmpd.conf 配置文件，这里直接贴上我的可以运行的配置文件：

###############################################################################
#
# EXAMPLE.conf:
#   An example configuration file for configuring the Net-SNMP agent ('snmpd')
#   See the 'snmpd.conf(5)' man page for details
#
#  Some entries are deliberately commented out, and will need to be explicitly activated
#
###############################################################################
#
#  AGENT BEHAVIOUR
#

#  Listen for connections from the local system only
#agentAddress  udp:127.0.0.1:161
#  Listen for connections on all interfaces (both IPv4 *and* IPv6)
#agentAddress udp:161,udp6:[::1]:161

# qiang added listen for connections on all interfaces, only for IPv4
agentAddress udp:161

###############################################################################
#
#  SNMPv3 AUTHENTICATION
#
#  Note that these particular settings don't actually belong here.
#  They should be copied to the file /var/lib/snmp/snmpd.conf
#     and the passwords changed, before being uncommented in that file *only*.
#  Then restart the agent

#  createUser authOnlyUser  MD5 "remember to change this password"
#  createUser authPrivUser  SHA "remember to change this one too"  DES
#  createUser internalUser  MD5 "this is only ever used internally, but still change the password"

#  If you also change the usernames (which might be sensible),
#  then remember to update the other occurances in this example config file to match.

###############################################################################
#
#  ACCESS CONTROL
#

#  system + hrSystem groups only
#view   systemonly  included   .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
#view   systemonly  included   .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1
# added by qiang
view   all         included   .1
#  Full access from the local host
#rocommunity public  localhost
#  Default access to basic system info
# rocommunity public  default    -V systemonly
rocommunity public  default    -V all
#  Full access from an example network
#     Adjust this network address to match your local
#     settings, change the community string,
#     and check the 'agentAddress' setting above
#rocommunity secret  10.0.0.0/16

#  Full read-only access for SNMPv3
rouser   authOnlyUser
#  Full write access for encrypted requests
#     Remember to activate the 'createUser' lines above
#rwuser   authPrivUser   priv

#  It's no longer typically necessary to use the full 'com2sec/group/access' configuration
#  r[ou]user and r[ow]community, together with suitable views, should cover most requirements

###############################################################################
#
#  SYSTEM INFORMATION
#

#  Note that setting these values here, results in the corresponding MIB objects being 'read-only'
#  See snmpd.conf(5) for more details
sysLocation    Sitting on the Dock of the Bay
sysContact     Me <me@example.org>
# Application + End-to-End layers
sysServices    72

#
#  Process Monitoring
#
# At least one  'mountd' process
proc  mountd
# No more than 4 'ntalkd' processes - 0 is OK
proc  ntalkd    4
# At least one 'sendmail' process, but no more than 10
proc  sendmail 10 1

#  Walk the UCD-SNMP-MIB::prTable to see the resulting output
#  Note that this table will be empty if there are no "proc" entries in the snmpd.conf file

#
#  Disk Monitoring
#
# 10MBs required on root disk, 5% free on /var, 10% free on all other disks
disk       /     10000
disk       /var  5%
includeAllDisks  10%

#  Walk the UCD-SNMP-MIB::dskTable to see the resulting output
#  Note that this table will be empty if there are no "disk" entries in the snmpd.conf file

#
#  System Load
#
# Unacceptable 1-, 5-, and 15-minute load averages
load   12 10 5

#  Walk the UCD-SNMP-MIB::laTable to see the resulting output
#  Note that this table *will* be populated, even without a "load" entry in the snmpd.conf file

###############################################################################
#
#  ACTIVE MONITORING
#

#   send SNMPv1  traps
trapsink     localhost public
#   send SNMPv2c traps
#trap2sink    localhost public
#   send SNMPv2c INFORMs
#informsink   localhost public

#  Note that you typically only want *one* of these three lines
#  Uncommenting two (or all three) will result in multiple copies of each notification.

#
#  Event MIB - automatically generate alerts
#
# Remember to activate the 'createUser' lines above
iquerySecName   internalUser
rouser          internalUser
# generate traps on UCD error conditions
defaultMonitors          yes
# generate traps on linkUp/Down
linkUpDownNotifications  yes

###############################################################################
#
#  EXTENDING THE AGENT
#

#
#  Arbitrary extension commands
#
extend    test1   /bin/echo  Hello, world!
extend-sh test2   echo Hello, world! ; echo Hi there ; exit 35
#extend-sh test3   /bin/sh /tmp/shtest

#  Note that this last entry requires the script '/tmp/shtest' to be created first,
#    containing the same three shell commands, before the line is uncommented

#  Walk the NET-SNMP-EXTEND-MIB tables (nsExtendConfigTable, nsExtendOutput1Table
#     and nsExtendOutput2Table) to see the resulting output

#  Note that the "extend" directive supercedes the previous "exec" and "sh" directives
#  However, walking the UCD-SNMP-MIB::extTable should still returns the same output,
#     as well as the fuller results in the above tables.

#
#  "Pass-through" MIB extension command
#
#pass .1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.2.255  /bin/sh       PREFIX/local/passtest
#pass .1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.2.255  /usr/bin/perl PREFIX/local/passtest.pl

# Note that this requires one of the two 'passtest' scripts to be installed first,
#    before the appropriate line is uncommented.
# These scripts can be found in the 'local' directory of the source distribution,
#     and are not installed automatically.

#  Walk the NET-SNMP-PASS-MIB::netSnmpPassExamples subtree to see the resulting output

#
#  AgentX Sub-agents
#
#  Run as an AgentX master agent
master          agentx
#  Listen for network connections (from localhost)
#    rather than the default named socket /var/agentx/master
#agentXSocket    tcp:localhost:705

运行的时候注意需要sudo 权限，因为snmpd 需要用到161 UDP port, 需要root权限，否则会有如下提示：

$ snmpd -f -Lo -C -c ~/snmpd.conf

Turning on AgentX master support.

Error opening specified endpoint "udp:161"

Server Exiting with code 1

加上sudo 之后，正常启动，

$ sudo snmpd -f -Lo -C -c ~/snmpd.conf

Turning on AgentX master support.

NET-SNMP version 5.6.1

使用sockstat 查看端口状态：

$ sudo sockstat
USER     PROCESS              PID      PROTO  SOURCE ADDRESS            FOREIGN ADDRESS           STATE
root     rpcbind              749      udp4   *:111                     *:*                       CLOSED
root     rpcbind              749      udp4   *:903                     *:*                       CLOSED
root     rpcbind              749      tcp4   *:111                     *:*                       LISTEN
root     sshd                 856      tcp4   *:22                      *:*                       LISTEN
root     rpc.statd            875      udp4   127.0.0.1:627             *:*                       CLOSED
statd    rpc.statd            875      udp4   *:35824                   *:*                       CLOSED
statd    rpc.statd            875      tcp4   *:49187                   *:*                       LISTEN
root     xinetd               1043     udp4   *:69                      *:*                       CLOSED
root     cupsd                1053     tcp4   127.0.0.1:631             *:*                       LISTEN
avahi    avahi-daemon         1143     udp4   *:5353                    *:*                       CLOSED
avahi    avahi-daemon         1143     udp4   *:48954                   *:*                       CLOSED
root     rpc.mountd           1191     udp4   *:55068                   *:*                       CLOSED
root     rpc.mountd           1191     tcp4   *:60662                   *:*                       LISTEN
root     rpc.mountd           1191     udp4   *:56931                   *:*                       CLOSED
root     rpc.mountd           1191     tcp4   *:54234                   *:*                       LISTEN
root     rpc.mountd           1191     udp4   *:50313                   *:*                       CLOSED
root     rpc.mountd           1191     tcp4   *:36634                   *:*                       LISTEN
root     dhclient             1259     udp4   *:68                      *:*                       CLOSED
root     dnsmasq              1313     udp4   127.0.0.1:53              *:*                       CLOSED
root     dnsmasq              1313     tcp4   127.0.0.1:53              *:*                       LISTEN
miredo   miredo               1649     udp4   *:36362                   *:*                       CLOSED
qiang    dropbox              2128     udp4   *:17500                   *:*                       CLOSED
qiang    dropbox              2128     tcp4   *:17500                   *:*                       LISTEN
qiang    ubuntu-geoip-pr      2279     tcp4   128.224.162.198:37615     91.189.89.144:80          CLOSE_WAIT
qiang    chromium-browse      2451     tcp4   128.224.162.198:56295     74.125.31.125:5222        ESTABLISHED
qiang    chromium-browse      2451     tcp4   128.224.162.198:37246     173.194.34.67:443         ESTABLISHED
qiang    chromium-browse      2451     tcp4   128.224.162.198:44171     117.79.157.251:80         ESTABLISHED
qiang    chromium-browse      2451     tcp4   128.224.162.198:44165     117.79.157.251:80         ESTABLISHED
qiang    thunderbird          3982     tcp4   128.224.162.198:43863     147.11.189.50:993         ESTABLISHED
qiang    thunderbird          3982     tcp4   128.224.162.198:43875     147.11.189.50:993         ESTABLISHED
qiang    thunderbird          3982     tcp4   128.224.162.198:43876     147.11.189.50:993         ESTABLISHED
qiang    thunderbird          3982     tcp4   128.224.162.198:43877     147.11.189.50:993         ESTABLISHED
root     snmpd                10529    udp4   *:161                     *:*                       CLOSED
root     snmpd                10529    udp4   *:46939                   *:*                       CLOSED

或是

$ netstat -an | grep 161

udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:161 0.0.0.0:*

这时，在另外一个Terminal 或是另外一台主机上执行：

$ snmpwalk -v 1 -c public -Cp localhost

就会输出正确的结果了。

参考文章：

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_8ea085de01012tdo.html

http://web.archiveorange.com/archive/v/WnPpSNSsl7HujziSGyP4

$ snmptranslate -On -Tp .1.3.6.1.2.1.1

+--system(1)

|

+-- -R-- String sysDescr(1)

| Textual Convention: DisplayString

| Size: 0..255

+-- -R-- ObjID sysObjectID(2)

+-- -R-- TimeTicks sysUpTime(3)

| |

| +--sysUpTimeInstance(0)

|

+-- -RW- String sysContact(4)

| Textual Convention: DisplayString

| Size: 0..255

+-- -RW- String sysName(5)

| Textual Convention: DisplayString

| Size: 0..255

+-- -RW- String sysLocation(6)

| Textual Convention: DisplayString

| Size: 0..255

+-- -R-- INTEGER sysServices(7)

| Range: 0..127

+-- -R-- TimeTicks sysORLastChange(8)

| Textual Convention: TimeStamp

|

+--sysORTable(9)

|

+--sysOREntry(1)

| Index: sysORIndex

|

+-- ---- INTEGER sysORIndex(1)

| Range: 1..2147483647

+-- -R-- ObjID sysORID(2)

+-- -R-- String sysORDescr(3)

| Textual Convention: DisplayString

| Size: 0..255

+-- -R-- TimeTicks sysORUpTime(4)

Textual Convention: TimeStamp

$ snmptranslate -IR -Tp |less

这个命令看整个 MIBs 树更直观

SNMP agent ：

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-790245-id-2037497.html

SNMP trap:

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-677314-id-83386.html

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-790245-id-2037495.html

SNMP v3

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-451-id-3337094.html

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net-snmp（5.6.1） 编译 安装 运行调试全记录

net-snmp（5.6.1）编译安装运行调试全记录