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linux 内核移植 2.6.35.4 到s3c2440

2013-08-09 15:51 375 查看
硬件平台:FL2440

主机平台:Ubuntu 11.04

交叉编译器:arm-linux-gcc 4.3.2



本来是想移植最新的内核2.6.39但是总是在编译快完成的时候报错,有人说是新的内核对arm平台的支持不好,所以就降低了一下版本,这里移植2.6.35.4内核


一、准备工作

1、下载
解压内核

从官网上下载linux-2.6.35的内核, ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/ ,文件不大,约85M。

新建一个工作目录s3c2440,将内核源码包拷贝至工作目录下,再解压。

2、移植yaffs2驱动

下载最新的驱动点击下载 解压在工作目录s3c2440下

进入yaffs2: cd yaffs2

给内核打补丁: ./patch-ker.sh c ../linux-2.6.35



3、安装交叉编译环境
下载arm-linux-gcc 4.3.2,然后安装并配置环境变量

最后执行arm-linux-gcc -v查看




二、移植



1、修改机器码

飞凌开发板的bootloader默认的机器码是193,所以我们在使用smdk2440机器的时候,需要修

改机器码。修改内核2.6.35.3中的arch/arm /tools/mach-types。



 删掉

s3c2410 ARCH_S3C2410 S3C2410 182

然后将

s3c2440 ARCH_S3C2440 S3C2440 362

修改为

s3c2440 ARCH_S3C2440 S3C2440 193

2、指定目标板machine、编译器和编译器路径


修改linux-2.6.35.3/Makefile,将

ARCH ?= $(SUBARCH)

CROSS_COMPILE ?=

修改成ARCH ?= arm

CROSS_COMPILE ?= /opt/arm/4.3.2/bin/arm-linux-

注意:CROSS_COMPILE是指交叉编译器的路径,该路径一定要完整,否则最后make
zImage时提示文件不存在。

3、增加devfs文件管理器的支持

我们所用的文件系统使用的是devfs文件管理器。修改fs/Kconfig,

找到

menu
"Pseudo filesystems"

添加如下语句:

config
DEVFS_FS


bool "/dev file system support (OBSOLETE)"


default y

config
DEVFS_MOUNT

bool
"Automatically mount at boot"

default
y

depends
on DEVFS_FS



帮助理解:Kconfig就是对应着内核的配置菜单。假如要想添加新的驱动到内核的源码中,能够修改Kconfig,

这样就能够选择这个驱动,假如想使这个驱动被编译,要修改Makefile。

4、修改晶振频率( 可解决打印信息乱码问题 )

文件:arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c

/*s3c24xx_init_clocks(16934400);*/ s3c24xx_init_clocks(12000000);

5、修改MTD分区

[cpp]
view plaincopy

static struct mtd_partition smdk_default_nand_part[] = {
[0] = {
.name = "Boot",
.size = 0x00100000,
.offset = 0
},
[1] = {
.name = "MyApp",
.size = 0x003c0000,
.offset = 0x00140000,
},
[2] = {
.name = "Kernel",
.size = 0x00300000,
.offset = 0x00500000,
},
[3] = {
.name = "fs_yaffs",
.size = 0x0f000000, //240M
.offset = 0x00800000,
},
/*[4] = {
.name = "WINCE",
.size = 0x03c00000,
.offset = 0x04400000,
}
*/
};

具体参考http://blog.csdn.net/yming0221/article/details/6566551

6、关闭ECC校验

文件:drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410.c

函数:s3c2410_nand_init_chip

/*chip->ecc.mode
= NAND_ECC_SOFT; */ chip->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_NONE;



问题:关于ECC:ECC是“Error Correcting Code”的简写,中文名称是“错误检查和纠正”。ECC是一种能够实现

“错误检查和纠正”的技术,ECC内存就是应用了这种技术的内存,一般多应用在服务器及图形工作站上,这将使整个

电脑系统在工作时更趋于安全稳定。此处为避免容易出错,将ECC关闭。

7、修改nandflash驱动,支持K9F1G08的nandflash


修改drivers/mtd/nand下面的nand_bbt.c 文件:

[cpp]
view plaincopy

static struct nand_bbt_descr largepage_memorybased = {
.options = 0,
.offs = 0,
.len = 1, // 原数值为2,支持2K每页的flash修改为1。K9F1G08,K9F2G08是2k每页的flash
.pattern = scan_ff_pattern
};
static struct nand_bbt_descr largepage_flashbased = {
.options = NAND_BBT_SCAN2NDPAGE,
.offs = 0,
.len = 1, //原数值为2,支持2K每页的flash修改为1。K9F1G08,K9F2G08是2k每页的flash
.pattern = scan_ff_pattern
};

8、下面,开始配置内核。

进入linux-2.6.35目录,把s3c2410的默认配置写入config文件。

make
s3c2410_defconfig

make
menuconfig

配置内核特点使用ARM EABI编译



配置文件系统选项

配置yaffs2文件系统

修改配置如下:

File
systems --->


[*] Miscellaneous filesystems --->


<*> YAFFS2 file system support


-*- 512 byte / page devices


-*- 2048 byte (or larger) / page devices


[*] Autoselect yaffs2 format


[*] Cache short names in RAM

配置cpu相关选项

修改配置如下:

System
Type --->


S3C2440 Machines --->


[*] SMDK2440


[*] SMDK2440 with S3C2440 CPU module

去掉S3C2400
Machines、S3C2410
Machines、S3C2412
Machines、S3C2442
Machines的所有选项 ,

否则会报错。如果现在编译内核,下载到开发板中,内核就可以正常启动了.有了雏形,继续移植设备驱动。

这里,内核选项*代表编译至内核,M代表编译为模块 。

9、移植USB
host驱动

在这个版本的linux内核,已经对USB驱动进行来很好的支持,仅仅需要修改配置。

Device
Drivers --->


[*] USB support --->


{*} Support for Host-side USB


[*] USB device filesystem (DEPRECATED)


[*] USB device class-devices (DEPRECATED)


<*> OHCI HCD support


<*> USB Mass Storage support




[*] HID Devices --->


{*} Generic HID support


[*] /dev/hidraw raw HID device support




SCSI device support --->


<*> SCSI device support


[*] legacy /proc/scsi/ support


<*> SCSI disk support


<*> SCSI tape support

10、移植RTC驱动

在这个版本的linux内核,已经对RTC驱动进行来很好的支持,不需要修改配置。相应配置如下

Device
Drivers --->


<*> Real Time Clock --->


[*] Set system time from RTC on startup and resume


(rtc0) RTC used to set the system time


[ ] RTC debug support


*** RTC interfaces ***


[*] /sys/class/rtc/rtcN (sysfs)


[*] /proc/driver/rtc (procfs for rtc0)


[*] /dev/rtcN (character devices)


<*> Samsung S3C series SoC RTC

然后添加对设备的支持

打开arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c ,添加设备,代码如下:

[cpp]
view plaincopy

static struct platform_device *smdk2440_devices[] __initdata = {
&s3c_device_ohci,
&s3c_device_lcd,
&s3c_device_wdt,
&s3c_device_i2c0,
&s3c_device_iis,
&s3c_device_rtc,
};

11、移植UDA1341驱动

在平台上添加和配置UDA1341:

修改arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c ,在开始添加头文件

#include
<sound/s3c24xx_uda134x.h>

#include
<mach/gpio-fns.h>

[cpp]
view plaincopy

static struct s3c24xx_uda134x_platform_data s3c24xx_uda134x_data = {
.l3_clk = S3C2410_GPB(4),
.l3_data = S3C2410_GPB(3),
.l3_mode = S3C2410_GPB(2),
.model = UDA134X_UDA1341,
};

static struct platform_device s3c24xx_uda134x = {
.name = "s3c24xx_uda134x",
.dev = {
.platform_data = &s3c24xx_uda134x_data,
}
};

把设备添加到平台当中

[cpp]
view plaincopy

static struct platform_device *smdk2440_devices[] __initdata = {
&s3c_device_ohci,
&s3c_device_lcd,
&s3c_device_wdt,
&s3c_device_i2c0,
&s3c_device_iis,
&s3c_device_rtc,
&s3c24xx_uda134x,
};

内核配置如下

Device
Drivers --->


<*> Sound card support --->


<*> Advanced Linux Sound Architecture --->


<*> OSS Mixer API


<*> OSS PCM (digital audio) API


[*] OSS PCM (digital audio) API - Include plugin system


[*] Support old ALSA API


[*] Verbose procfs contents


[*] Verbose printk


[*] Generic sound devices --->


<*> ALSA for SoC audio support --->


<*> SoC Audio for the Samsung S3C24XX chips


<*> SoC I2S Audio support UDA134X wired to a S3C24XX

12、移植DM9000驱动

a、修改 drivers/net/dm9000.c 文件:

头文件增加:

#include
<mach/regs-gpio.h>

#include
<mach/irqs.h>

#include
<mach/hardware.h>

在dm9000_probe 函数 开始增加:

[cpp]
view plaincopy

unsigned char ne_def_eth_mac_addr[]={0x00,0x12,0x34,0x56,0x80,0x49};
static void *bwscon;
static void *gpfcon;
static void *extint0;
static void *intmsk;
#define BWSCON (0x48000000)
#define GPFCON (0x56000050)
#define EXTINT0 (0x56000088)
#define INTMSK (0x4A000008)

bwscon=ioremap_nocache(BWSCON,0x0000004);
gpfcon=ioremap_nocache(GPFCON,0x0000004);
extint0=ioremap_nocache(EXTINT0,0x0000004);
intmsk=ioremap_nocache(INTMSK,0x0000004);

writel(readl(bwscon)|0xc0000,bwscon);
writel( (readl(gpfcon) & ~(0x3 << 14)) | (0x2 << 14), gpfcon);
writel( readl(gpfcon) | (0x1 << 7), gpfcon); // Disable pull-up
writel( (readl(extint0) & ~(0xf << 28)) | (0x4 << 28), extint0); //rising edge
writel( (readl(intmsk)) & ~0x80, intmsk);

在这个函数的最后需要修改:

[cpp]
view plaincopy

if (!is_valid_ether_addr(ndev->dev_addr)) {
/* try reading from mac */

mac_src = "chip";
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
//ndev->dev_addr[i] = ior(db, i+DM9000_PAR);
ndev->dev_addr[i] = ne_def_eth_mac_addr[i];
}

b、修改arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c ,添加设备

[cpp]
view plaincopy

static struct platform_device *smdk2440_devices[] __initdata = {
&s3c_device_ohci,
&s3c_device_lcd,
&s3c_device_wdt,
&s3c_device_i2c0,
&s3c_device_iis,
&s3c_device_rtc,
&s3c24xx_uda134x,
&s3c_device_dm9000,
};

c、修改 arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/devs.c

添加头文件

#include
<linux/dm9000.h>

添加以下代码

[cpp]
view plaincopy

static struct resource s3c_dm9000_resource[] = {
[0] = {
.start = S3C24XX_PA_DM9000,
.end = S3C24XX_PA_DM9000+ 0x3,
.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM
},
[1]={
.start = S3C24XX_PA_DM9000 + 0x4, //CMD pin is A2
.end = S3C24XX_PA_DM9000 + 0x4 + 0x7c,
.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM
},
[2] = {
.start = IRQ_EINT7,
.end = IRQ_EINT7,
.flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ
},
};

static struct dm9000_plat_data s3c_device_dm9000_platdata = {
.flags= DM9000_PLATF_16BITONLY,
};

struct platform_device s3c_device_dm9000 = {
.name= "dm9000",
.id= 0,
.num_resources= ARRAY_SIZE(s3c_dm9000_resource),
.resource= s3c_dm9000_resource,
.dev= {
.platform_data = &s3c_device_dm9000_platdata,
}
};
EXPORT_SYMBOL(s3c_device_dm9000);

d、修改 arch/arm/plat-samsung/include/plat/devs.h
45行附近,添加

[cpp]
view plaincopy

extern struct platform_device s3c_device_dm9000;

e、修改arch/arm/mach-s3c2410/include/mach/map.h 文件

/*
DM9000 */

#define
S3C24XX_PA_DM9000 0x20000300

#define
S3C24XX_VA_DM9000 0xE0000000

13、启动画面显示小企鹅的方法

配置内核 ,下面是必选项

Device Drivers--->


Graphics support --->


<*> Support for frame buffer devices


<*> S3C2410 LCD framebuffer support ,multi support!


Console display driver support --->


<*> Framebuffer Console support


Logo configuration --->


[*] Bootup logo


[*] Standard 224-color Linux logo

14、3.5寸LCD显示的移植

2.6.34内核中已经支持

15、修改uart2为普通串口以及测试程序

修改arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c 中的uart2的配置,修改后如下:

[cpp]
view plaincopy

static struct s3c2410_uartcfg smdk2440_uartcfgs[] __initdata = {
[0] = {
.hwport = 0,
.flags = 0,
.ucon = 0x3c5,
.ulcon = 0x03,
.ufcon = 0x51,
},
[1] = {
.hwport = 1,
.flags = 0,
.ucon = 0x3c5,
.ulcon = 0x03,
.ufcon = 0x51,
},
/* IR port */
[2] = {
.hwport = 2,
.flags = 0,
.ucon = 0x3c5,
.ulcon = 0x03,/*fatfish 0x43*/
.ufcon = 0x51,
}
};

在drivers/serial/samsung.c 中添加对uart2控制器的配置,配置为普通串口。

添加头文件:

#include
<linux/gpio.h>

#include
<mach/regs-gpio.h>

在static
int s3c24xx_serial_startup(struct uart_port *port)函数中,添加

[cpp]
view plaincopy

if (port->line == 2) {
s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPH(6), S3C2410_GPH6_TXD2);
s3c2410_gpio_pullup(S3C2410_GPH(6), 1);
s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPH(7), S3C2410_GPH7_RXD2);
s3c2410_gpio_pullup(S3C2410_GPH(7), 1);
}

16、移植看门狗

修改配置

Device
Drivers --->


[*] Watchdog Timer Support --->


<*> S3C2410 Watchdog

最后:make
zImage

最后编译出来的zImage就2.1M左右。

烧写内核,启动成功



不过,此时,显示屏显示还有点问题,出现上下两栏。解决方法如下:

修改mach-smdk2440.c中

[cpp]
view plaincopy

static struct s3c2410fb_display smdk2440_lcd_cfg __initdata = {
/* Config for 320x240 LCD */
.lcdcon5 = S3C2410_LCDCON5_FRM565 |
S3C2410_LCDCON5_INVVLINE |
S3C2410_LCDCON5_INVVFRAME |
S3C2410_LCDCON5_PWREN |
S3C2410_LCDCON5_HWSWP,

.type = S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT,
.width = 320,
.height = 240,
.pixclock = 270000,
.xres = 320,
.yres = 240,
.bpp = 16,
.left_margin =8,
.right_margin = 5,
.hsync_len = 63,
.upper_margin = 15,
.lower_margin = 3,
.vsync_len = 5,
};

并且将.lpcsel
= ((0xCE6) & ~7) | 1<<4,注释掉

[cpp]
view plaincopy

static struct s3c2410fb_mach_info smdk2440_fb_info __initdata = {
.displays = &smdk2440_lcd_cfg,
.num_displays = 1,
.default_display = 0,

#if 0
/* currently setup by downloader */
.gpccon = 0xaa940659,
.gpccon_mask = 0xffffffff,
.gpcup = 0x0000ffff,
.gpcup_mask = 0xffffffff,
.gpdcon = 0xaa84aaa0,
.gpdcon_mask = 0xffffffff,
.gpdup = 0x0000faff,
.gpdup_mask = 0xffffffff,
#endif

//.lpcsel = ((0xCE6) & ~7) | 1<<4,
};

重新编译即可。

至此,2.6.35.4内核移植成功。

出处http://blog.csdn.net/yming0221/article/details/6604616
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