Sonar启动报错分析

sonar启动，后台报错如下：
ERROR jruby.rack - Error: application initialization failed
org.jruby.rack.RackInitializationException: java.lang.NullPointerException: null
    from org/sonar/server/ui/JRubyFacade.java:447:in `getServerHome'
    from /usr/local/tomcat/temp/0-sonar/WEB-INF/config/environment.rb:52:in `(root)'
    from /usr/local/tomcat/temp/0-sonar/WEB-INF/gems/gems/rails-2.3.14/lib/initializer.rb:111:in `run'
    from /usr/local/tomcat/temp/0-sonar/WEB-INF/config/environment.rb:32:in `(root)'
    from org/jruby/RubyKernel.java:1058:in `load'
    from /usr/local/tomcat/temp/0-sonar/WEB-INF/config/environment.rb:23:in `load_environment'
    from /usr/local/java/apache-tomcat-7.0.23/work/Catalina/localhost/sonar/loader/jruby/rack/rails_booter.rb:65:in `load_environment'
    from <script>:1:in `(root)'
    at org.jruby.rack.DefaultRackApplicationFactory$4.init(DefaultRackApplicationFactory.java:231) ~[jruby-rack-1.1.10.jar:na]
    at org.jruby.rack.DefaultRackApplicationFactory.getApplication(DefaultRackApplicationFactory.java:58) ~[jruby-rack-1.1.10.jar:na]
    at org.jruby.rack.SharedRackApplicationFactory.init(SharedRackApplicationFactory.java:33) ~[jruby-rack-1.1.10.jar:na]
    at org.jruby.rack.RackServletContextListener.contextInitialized(RackServletContextListener.java:48) ~[jruby-rack-1.1.10.jar:na]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4765) [catalina.jar:7.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5260) [catalina.jar:7.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) [catalina.jar:7.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:866) [catalina.jar:7.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:842) [catalina.jar:7.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:615) [catalina.jar:7.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:958) [catalina.jar:7.0.23]
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1599) [catalina.jar:7.0.23]
    at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:441) [na:1.6.0_35]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303) [na:1.6.0_35]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138) [na:1.6.0_35]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886) [na:1.6.0_35]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908) [na:1.6.0_35]
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:680) [na:1.6.0_35]
org.jruby.exceptions.RaiseException: Native Exception: 'class java.lang.NullPointerException'; Message: null; StackTrace: java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.sonar.server.ui.JRubyFacade.get(JRubyFacade.java:84)
    at org.sonar.server.ui.JRubyFacade.getServerHome(JRubyFacade.java:447)
    at org.sonar.server.ui.JRubyFacade.get(JRubyFacade.java:84) ~[JRubyFacade.class:na]
    at org.sonar.server.ui.JRubyFacade.getServerHome(JRubyFacade.java:447) ~[JRubyFacade.class:na]
 Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: null
    ... 2 common frames omitted
 
将Sonar目录删除导致。
解决方法：重新打war包，部署到tomcat中，重启即可(原打包目录不能删除)
参考：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13412527/sonar-throws-exception-when-starting-on-tomcat-6-running-on-os-x-server
 
举例说明：
下载sonar,解压到D:\download目录下,如下图：



 
双击sonar/war/build-war.bat打war包,将此war包部署到tomcat启动即可。
此处需要注意：D:\download\sonar-3.6 文件夹不能删除，否则启动sonar工程报错！！
 
添加语言包后，启动报错分析：
下载安装 sonar-l10n-zh-plugin-1.4.jar 语言包(http://docs.codehaus.org/display/SONAR/Chinese+Pack)，重新打包部署后，后台报错如下：
Error in Sonar.log : 2012.10.25 14:39:15 INFO org.sonar.INFO Register rules [squid/java]...2012.10.25 14:39:15 ERROR o.s.s.p.Platform The following rule (repository: squid) must have a description: Rule[id=<null>,name=<null>,key=ParsingError,configKey=ParsingError,plugin=squid,enabled=true,severity=MAJOR,cardinality=SINGLE]org.sonar.api.utils.SonarException: The following rule (repository: squid) must have a description: Rule[id=<null>,name=<null>,key=ParsingError,configKey=ParsingError,plugin=squid,enabled=true,severity=MAJOR,cardinality=SINGLE]at org.sonar.server.startup.RegisterRules.validateRule(RegisterRules.java:131) ~[classes/:na]at org.sonar.server.startup.RegisterRules.registerRepository(RegisterRules.java:103) ~[classes/:na]at...
 
(可参考http://jira.codehaus.org/browse/SONAR-3910)
解决方法比较简单：
将 extensions\plugins\ 目录下的jar包全部删除，重新加入本地语言包后，重新打包部署即可。