WPF 3D：使用变换中的TranslateTransform3D

程序效果：





 

WPF 3D中的TranslateTransform3D应该是所有3D变换中最简单的变换，使用起来非常简单，先定义好3D对象，接着在适当的位置加入变换就可以了。

 

当然WPF 3D中变换（Transform3D类型）可以应用在如下属性中：
照相机：Camera类型
3D模型定义：Model3D类型
容纳3D模型的Visual3D：ModelVisual3D类型

 

对于2D的TranslateTransform，只有两个属性X和Y。3D的TranslateTransform则对应OffsetX, OffsetY和OffsetZ属性来调整X，Y，Z三轴的坐标。

 

下面是界面XAML：

<DockPanel>
    <DockPanel.Resources>
        <Style TargetType="Button">
            <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Center"/>
            <Setter Property="Padding" Value="3"/>
        </Style>
    </DockPanel.Resources>
    <StackPanel DockPanel.Dock="Top"
               Background="Gray">
        <Button Click="up_Click">↑</Button>
        <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center"
                   Orientation="Horizontal">
            <Button Click="left_Click">←</Button>
            <Button Click="out_Click">↖</Button>
            <Button Click="in_Click">↘</Button>
            <Button Click="right_Click">→</Button>
        </StackPanel>
        <Button Click="down_Click">↓</Button>
    </StackPanel>
    <Viewport3D>
        <Viewport3D.Camera>
            <PerspectiveCamera Position="-2.5
2.5 5" LookDirection="0.5 -0.5 -1"/>
        </Viewport3D.Camera>
        <ModelVisual3D>
            <ModelVisual3D.Content>
                <Model3DGroup>
                    <DirectionalLight Direction="1
0 -7"
                            Color="White"/>
                    <GeometryModel3D>
                        <GeometryModel3D.Geometry>
                            <MeshGeometry3D Positions="-1
1 1, 1 1 1, -1 -1 1, 1 -1 1, -1 1 -1, 1 1 -1, -1 -1 -1, 1 -1 -1
                                                       1 1 1, 1 1 -1, 1 -1 1, 1 -1 -1, -1 1 1, -1 1 -1, -1 -1 1, -1 -1 -1
                                                       -1 1 1, -1 1 -1, 1 1 1, 1 1 -1, -1 -1 1, -1 -1 -1, 1 -1 1, 1 -1 -1"
                                           TriangleIndices="0
2 1, 1 2 3, 5 6 4, 5 7 6
                                                             8 10 9, 9 10 11, 13 14 12, 13 15 14
                                                             16 18 17, 17 18 19, 22 21 20, 22 23 21"/>
                        </GeometryModel3D.Geometry>
                        <GeometryModel3D.Material>
                            <DiffuseMaterial Brush="Green"/>
                        </GeometryModel3D.Material>
                        <GeometryModel3D.BackMaterial>
                            <DiffuseMaterial Brush="Red"/>
                        </GeometryModel3D.BackMaterial>
                    </GeometryModel3D>
                </Model3DGroup>
            </ModelVisual3D.Content>
            <ModelVisual3D.Transform>
                <TranslateTransform3D x:Name="transform" />
            </ModelVisual3D.Transform>
        </ModelVisual3D>
    </Viewport3D>
</DockPanel>

 

 

背后代码则是根据功能，把相应Transform的属性进行加减从而达到变换效果。

private void up_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    transform.OffsetY++;
}
 
private void left_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    transform.OffsetX--;
}
 
private void out_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    transform.OffsetZ--;
}
 
private void in_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    transform.OffsetZ++;
}
 
private void right_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    transform.OffsetX++;
}
 
private void down_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    transform.OffsetY—;
}