ioctl在socket中的一些用法及示例
2013-06-27 10:55
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http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20692625-id-3172833.html
ioctl在socket中的一些用法及示例
函数 : ioctl(int fd, int request, void * arg)
定义 : <sys/ioctl.h>
功能 : 控制I/O设备, 提供了一种获得设备信息和向设备发送控制参数的手段.
参数 : int fd 文件句柄. 用于socket时, 是socket套接字.
int request 函数定义的所有操作. 关于socket的操作, 定义在<linux/sockios.h>文件中.
void *arg 指针的类型依赖于request参数.
以下表格从网上收集了request - arg指针类型的对应关系
socket最常用到的结构体: struct ifreq 定义在<net/if.h>.(包括struct ifconf/ifr_flags等的定义)
一、获取
以下例程通过ioctl获取设备"eth0"的IP/掩码/硬件址
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "net/if.h"
#include "arpa/inet.h"
#include "linux/sockios.h"
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
struct sockaddr_in *addr;
struct ifreq ifr;
char*address;
int sockfd;
char *name = "eth0";
if( strlen(name) >= IFNAMSIZ)
printf("device name is error.\n"), exit(0);
strcpy( ifr.ifr_name, name);
sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
//get inet addr
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("inet addr: %s\n",address);
//get Mask
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCGIFNETMASK, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_addr;
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("Mask: %s\n",address);
//get HWaddr
u_int8_t hd[6];
if(ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("hwaddr error.\n"), exit(0);
memcpy( hd, ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data, sizeof(hd));
printf("HWaddr: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X\n", hd[0], hd[1], hd[2], hd[3], hd[4], hd[5]);
exit(0);
}
二、设置
以下例程设置eth0的IP地址.
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "net/if.h"
#include "arpa/inet.h"
#include "linux/sockios.h"
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
char *dev = "eth0";
char *ip = "192.168.1.252";
struct ifreq ifr;
if( strlen(dev) >= IFNAMSIZ)
printf("device name error.\n"), exit(0);
else
strcpy( ifr.ifr_name, dev);
int sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
//get inet addr
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
struct sockaddr_in *addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
char * address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("current inet addr: %s\n",address);
//set inet addr
struct sockaddr_in *p = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
p->sin_family = AF_INET;
inet_aton( ip, &(p->sin_addr));
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCSIFADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
else
printf("change inet addr to: %s\n", ip);
//any OS need active dev.
/*ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr) == -1)
printf("active fault.\n"), exit(0);
else
printf("%s[%s] is working...\n", dev, ip);
*/
close(sockfd);
exit(1);
//end
}
屏蔽的代码用于设置IP后, 激活新设置. 多数系统不需要这步操作.
而且这步仅作演示. 真实使用的时候, 至少应该
1. 获取当前ifr.ifr_flags
2. ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;
以上是ioctl的一些示例, 实战中灵活使用、举一反三.
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20692625-id-3172833.html
ioctl在socket中的一些用法及示例
函数 : ioctl(int fd, int request, void * arg)
定义 : <sys/ioctl.h>
功能 : 控制I/O设备, 提供了一种获得设备信息和向设备发送控制参数的手段.
参数 : int fd 文件句柄. 用于socket时, 是socket套接字.
int request 函数定义的所有操作. 关于socket的操作, 定义在<linux/sockios.h>文件中.
void *arg 指针的类型依赖于request参数.
以下表格从网上收集了request - arg指针类型的对应关系
socket最常用到的结构体: struct ifreq 定义在<net/if.h>.(包括struct ifconf/ifr_flags等的定义)
一、获取
以下例程通过ioctl获取设备"eth0"的IP/掩码/硬件址
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "net/if.h"
#include "arpa/inet.h"
#include "linux/sockios.h"
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
struct sockaddr_in *addr;
struct ifreq ifr;
char*address;
int sockfd;
char *name = "eth0";
if( strlen(name) >= IFNAMSIZ)
printf("device name is error.\n"), exit(0);
strcpy( ifr.ifr_name, name);
sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
//get inet addr
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("inet addr: %s\n",address);
//get Mask
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCGIFNETMASK, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_addr;
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("Mask: %s\n",address);
//get HWaddr
u_int8_t hd[6];
if(ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("hwaddr error.\n"), exit(0);
memcpy( hd, ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data, sizeof(hd));
printf("HWaddr: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X\n", hd[0], hd[1], hd[2], hd[3], hd[4], hd[5]);
exit(0);
}
二、设置
以下例程设置eth0的IP地址.
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "net/if.h"
#include "arpa/inet.h"
#include "linux/sockios.h"
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
char *dev = "eth0";
char *ip = "192.168.1.252";
struct ifreq ifr;
if( strlen(dev) >= IFNAMSIZ)
printf("device name error.\n"), exit(0);
else
strcpy( ifr.ifr_name, dev);
int sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
//get inet addr
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
struct sockaddr_in *addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
char * address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("current inet addr: %s\n",address);
//set inet addr
struct sockaddr_in *p = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
p->sin_family = AF_INET;
inet_aton( ip, &(p->sin_addr));
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCSIFADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
else
printf("change inet addr to: %s\n", ip);
//any OS need active dev.
/*ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr) == -1)
printf("active fault.\n"), exit(0);
else
printf("%s[%s] is working...\n", dev, ip);
*/
close(sockfd);
exit(1);
//end
}
屏蔽的代码用于设置IP后, 激活新设置. 多数系统不需要这步操作.
而且这步仅作演示. 真实使用的时候, 至少应该
1. 获取当前ifr.ifr_flags
2. ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;
以上是ioctl的一些示例, 实战中灵活使用、举一反三.
七.linux系统ioctl使用示例
These were writed and collected by kf701,
you can use and modify them but NO WARRANTY.
Contact with me : kf_701@21cn.com
程序1:检测接口的 inet_addr,netmask,broad_addr
程序2:检查接口的物理连接是否正常
程序3:更简单一点测试物理连接
程序4:调节音量
***************************程序1****************************************
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <net/if.h>
static void usage(){
printf("usage : ipconfig interface \n");
exit(0);
}
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
struct sockaddr_in *addr;
struct ifreq ifr;
char *name,*address;
int sockfd;
if(argc != 2)
usage();
else
name = argv[1];
sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name,name,IFNAMSIZ-1);
if(ioctl(sockfd,SIOCGIFADDR,&ifr) == -1)
perror("ioctl error"),exit(1);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("inet addr: %s ",address);
if(ioctl(sockfd,SIOCGIFBRDADDR,&ifr) == -1)
perror("ioctl error"),exit(1);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_broadaddr;
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("broad addr: %s ",address);
if(ioctl(sockfd,SIOCGIFNETMASK,&ifr) == -1)
perror("ioctl error"),exit(1);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_addr;
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("inet mask: %s ",address);
printf("\n");
exit(0);
}
******************************** 程序2*****************************************************
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
typedef unsigned short u16;
typedef unsigned int u32;
typedef unsigned char u8;
#include <linux/ethtool.h>
#include <linux/sockios.h>
int detect_mii(int skfd, char *ifname)
{
struct ifreq ifr;
u16 *data, mii_val;
unsigned phy_id;
/* Get the vitals from the interface. */
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGMIIPHY, &ifr) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "SIOCGMIIPHY on %s failed: %s\n", ifname,
strerror(errno));
(void) close(skfd);
return 2;
}
data = (u16 *)(&ifr.ifr_data);
phy_id = data[0];
data[1] = 1;
if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGMIIREG, &ifr) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "SIOCGMIIREG on %s failed: %s\n", ifr.ifr_name,
strerror(errno));
return 2;
}
mii_val = data[3];
return(((mii_val & 0x0016) == 0x0004) ? 0 : 1);
}
int detect_ethtool(int skfd, char *ifname)
{
struct ifreq ifr;
struct ethtool_value edata;
memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
edata.cmd = ETHTOOL_GLINK;
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name)-1);
ifr.ifr_data = (char *) &edata;
if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCETHTOOL, &ifr) == -1)
{
printf("ETHTOOL_GLINK failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
return 2;
}
return (edata.data ? 0 : 1);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int skfd = -1;
char *ifname;
int retval;
if( argv[1] )
ifname = argv[1];
else
ifname = "eth0";
/* Open a socket. */
if (( skfd = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0 ) ) < 0 )
{
printf("socket error\n");
exit(-1);
}
retval = detect_ethtool(skfd, ifname);
if (retval == 2)
retval = detect_mii(skfd, ifname);
close(skfd);
if (retval == 2)
printf("Could not determine status\n");
if (retval == 1)
printf("Link down\n");
if (retval == 0)
printf("Link up\n");
return retval;
}
*******************************程序3*****************************************************
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <linux/sockios.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#define LINKTEST_GLINK 0x0000000a
struct linktest_value {
unsigned int cmd;
unsigned int data;
};
static
void
usage(const char * pname)
{
fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s <device>\n", pname);
fprintf(stderr, "returns: \n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t 0: link detected\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t%d: %s\n", ENODEV, strerror(ENODEV));
fprintf(stderr, "\t%d: %s\n", ENONET, strerror(ENONET));
fprintf(stderr, "\t%d: %s\n", EOPNOTSUPP, strerror(EOPNOTSUPP));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
static
int
linktest(const char * devname)
{
struct ifreq ifr;
struct linktest_value edata;
int fd;
/* setup our control structures. */
memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, devname);
/* open control socket. */
fd=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if(fd < 0 ) {
return -ECOMM;
}
errno=0;
edata.cmd = LINKTEST_GLINK;
ifr.ifr_data = (caddr_t)&edata;
if(!ioctl(fd, SIOCETHTOOL, &ifr)) {
if(edata.data) {
fprintf(stdout, "link detected on %s\n", devname);
return 0;
} else {
errno=ENONET;
}
}
perror("linktest");
return errno;
}
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
if(argc != 2) {
usage(argv[0]);
}
return linktest(argv[1]);
}
*************************************程序4*********************************************************
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/soundcard.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define BASE_VALUE 257
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
int mixer_fd=0;
char *names[SOUND_MIXER_NRDEVICES]=SOUND_DEVICE_LABELS;
int value,i;
printf("\nusage:%s dev_no.[0..24] value[0..100]\n\n",argv[0]);
printf("eg. %s 0 100\n",argv[0]);
printf(" will change the volume to MAX volume.\n\n");
printf("The dev_no. are as below:\n");
for (i=0;i<SOUND_MIXER_NRDEVICES;i++){
if (i%3==0) printf("\n");
printf("%s:%d\t\t",names[i],i);
}
printf("\n\n");
if (argc<3)
exit(1);
if ((mixer_fd = open("/dev/mixer",O_RDWR))){
printf("Mixer opened successfully,working...\n");
value=BASE_VALUE*atoi(argv[2]);
if (ioctl(mixer_fd,MIXER_WRITE(atoi(argv[1])),&value)==0)
printf("successfully.....");
else printf("unsuccessfully.....");
printf("done.\n");
}else
printf("can't open /dev/mixer error....\n");
exit(0);
}
ioctl在socket中的一些用法及示例
函数 : ioctl(int fd, int request, void * arg)
定义 : <sys/ioctl.h>
功能 : 控制I/O设备, 提供了一种获得设备信息和向设备发送控制参数的手段.
参数 : int fd 文件句柄. 用于socket时, 是socket套接字.
int request 函数定义的所有操作. 关于socket的操作, 定义在<linux/sockios.h>文件中.
void *arg 指针的类型依赖于request参数.
以下表格从网上收集了request - arg指针类型的对应关系
类别 | Request | 说明 | 数据类型 |
套 接 口 | SIOCATMARK SIOCSPGRP SIOCGPGRP | 是否位于带外标记 设置套接口的进程ID 或进程组ID 获取套接口的进程ID 或进程组ID | int int int |
文 件 | FIONBIN FIOASYNC FIONREAD FIOSETOWN FIOGETOWN | 设置/ 清除非阻塞I/O 标志 设置/ 清除信号驱动异步I/O 标志 获取接收缓存区中的字节数 设置文件的进程ID 或进程组ID 获取文件的进程ID 或进程组ID | int int int int int |
接 口 | SIOCGIFCONF SIOCSIFADDR SIOCGIFADDR SIOCSIFFLAGS SIOCGIFFLAGS SIOCSIFDSTADDR SIOCGIFDSTADDR SIOCGIFBRDADDR SIOCSIFBRDADDR SIOCGIFNETMASK SIOCSIFNETMASK SIOCGIFMETRIC SIOCSIFMETRIC SIOCGIFMTU SIOCxxx | 获取所有接口的清单 设置接口地址 获取接口地址 设置接口标志 获取接口标志 设置点到点地址 获取点到点地址 获取广播地址 设置广播地址 获取子网掩码 设置子网掩码 获取接口的测度 设置接口的测度 获取接口MTU (还有很多取决于系统的实现) | struct ifconf struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq |
ARP | SIOCSARP SIOCGARP SIOCDARP | 创建/ 修改ARP 表项 获取ARP 表项 删除ARP 表项 | struct arpreq struct arpreq struct arpreq |
路 由 | SIOCADDRT SIOCDELRT | 增加路径 删除路径 | struct rtentry struct rtentry |
流 | I_xxx |
一、获取
以下例程通过ioctl获取设备"eth0"的IP/掩码/硬件址
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "net/if.h"
#include "arpa/inet.h"
#include "linux/sockios.h"
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
struct sockaddr_in *addr;
struct ifreq ifr;
char*address;
int sockfd;
char *name = "eth0";
if( strlen(name) >= IFNAMSIZ)
printf("device name is error.\n"), exit(0);
strcpy( ifr.ifr_name, name);
sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
//get inet addr
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("inet addr: %s\n",address);
//get Mask
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCGIFNETMASK, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_addr;
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("Mask: %s\n",address);
//get HWaddr
u_int8_t hd[6];
if(ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("hwaddr error.\n"), exit(0);
memcpy( hd, ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data, sizeof(hd));
printf("HWaddr: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X\n", hd[0], hd[1], hd[2], hd[3], hd[4], hd[5]);
exit(0);
}
二、设置
以下例程设置eth0的IP地址.
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "net/if.h"
#include "arpa/inet.h"
#include "linux/sockios.h"
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
char *dev = "eth0";
char *ip = "192.168.1.252";
struct ifreq ifr;
if( strlen(dev) >= IFNAMSIZ)
printf("device name error.\n"), exit(0);
else
strcpy( ifr.ifr_name, dev);
int sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
//get inet addr
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
struct sockaddr_in *addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
char * address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("current inet addr: %s\n",address);
//set inet addr
struct sockaddr_in *p = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
p->sin_family = AF_INET;
inet_aton( ip, &(p->sin_addr));
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCSIFADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
else
printf("change inet addr to: %s\n", ip);
//any OS need active dev.
/*ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr) == -1)
printf("active fault.\n"), exit(0);
else
printf("%s[%s] is working...\n", dev, ip);
*/
close(sockfd);
exit(1);
//end
}
屏蔽的代码用于设置IP后, 激活新设置. 多数系统不需要这步操作.
而且这步仅作演示. 真实使用的时候, 至少应该
1. 获取当前ifr.ifr_flags
2. ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;
以上是ioctl的一些示例, 实战中灵活使用、举一反三.
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20692625-id-3172833.html
ioctl在socket中的一些用法及示例
函数 : ioctl(int fd, int request, void * arg)
定义 : <sys/ioctl.h>
功能 : 控制I/O设备, 提供了一种获得设备信息和向设备发送控制参数的手段.
参数 : int fd 文件句柄. 用于socket时, 是socket套接字.
int request 函数定义的所有操作. 关于socket的操作, 定义在<linux/sockios.h>文件中.
void *arg 指针的类型依赖于request参数.
以下表格从网上收集了request - arg指针类型的对应关系
类别 | Request | 说明 | 数据类型 |
套 接 口 | SIOCATMARK SIOCSPGRP SIOCGPGRP | 是否位于带外标记 设置套接口的进程ID 或进程组ID 获取套接口的进程ID 或进程组ID | int int int |
文 件 | FIONBIN FIOASYNC FIONREAD FIOSETOWN FIOGETOWN | 设置/ 清除非阻塞I/O 标志 设置/ 清除信号驱动异步I/O 标志 获取接收缓存区中的字节数 设置文件的进程ID 或进程组ID 获取文件的进程ID 或进程组ID | int int int int int |
接 口 | SIOCGIFCONF SIOCSIFADDR SIOCGIFADDR SIOCSIFFLAGS SIOCGIFFLAGS SIOCSIFDSTADDR SIOCGIFDSTADDR SIOCGIFBRDADDR SIOCSIFBRDADDR SIOCGIFNETMASK SIOCSIFNETMASK SIOCGIFMETRIC SIOCSIFMETRIC SIOCGIFMTU SIOCxxx | 获取所有接口的清单 设置接口地址 获取接口地址 设置接口标志 获取接口标志 设置点到点地址 获取点到点地址 获取广播地址 设置广播地址 获取子网掩码 设置子网掩码 获取接口的测度 设置接口的测度 获取接口MTU (还有很多取决于系统的实现) | struct ifconf struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq struct ifreq |
ARP | SIOCSARP SIOCGARP SIOCDARP | 创建/ 修改ARP 表项 获取ARP 表项 删除ARP 表项 | struct arpreq struct arpreq struct arpreq |
路 由 | SIOCADDRT SIOCDELRT | 增加路径 删除路径 | struct rtentry struct rtentry |
流 | I_xxx |
一、获取
以下例程通过ioctl获取设备"eth0"的IP/掩码/硬件址
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "net/if.h"
#include "arpa/inet.h"
#include "linux/sockios.h"
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
struct sockaddr_in *addr;
struct ifreq ifr;
char*address;
int sockfd;
char *name = "eth0";
if( strlen(name) >= IFNAMSIZ)
printf("device name is error.\n"), exit(0);
strcpy( ifr.ifr_name, name);
sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
//get inet addr
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("inet addr: %s\n",address);
//get Mask
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCGIFNETMASK, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_addr;
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("Mask: %s\n",address);
//get HWaddr
u_int8_t hd[6];
if(ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("hwaddr error.\n"), exit(0);
memcpy( hd, ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data, sizeof(hd));
printf("HWaddr: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X\n", hd[0], hd[1], hd[2], hd[3], hd[4], hd[5]);
exit(0);
}
二、设置
以下例程设置eth0的IP地址.
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "net/if.h"
#include "arpa/inet.h"
#include "linux/sockios.h"
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
char *dev = "eth0";
char *ip = "192.168.1.252";
struct ifreq ifr;
if( strlen(dev) >= IFNAMSIZ)
printf("device name error.\n"), exit(0);
else
strcpy( ifr.ifr_name, dev);
int sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
//get inet addr
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
struct sockaddr_in *addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
char * address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("current inet addr: %s\n",address);
//set inet addr
struct sockaddr_in *p = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
p->sin_family = AF_INET;
inet_aton( ip, &(p->sin_addr));
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCSIFADDR, &ifr) == -1)
printf("ioctl error.\n"), exit(0);
else
printf("change inet addr to: %s\n", ip);
//any OS need active dev.
/*ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;
if( ioctl( sockfd, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr) == -1)
printf("active fault.\n"), exit(0);
else
printf("%s[%s] is working...\n", dev, ip);
*/
close(sockfd);
exit(1);
//end
}
屏蔽的代码用于设置IP后, 激活新设置. 多数系统不需要这步操作.
而且这步仅作演示. 真实使用的时候, 至少应该
1. 获取当前ifr.ifr_flags
2. ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;
以上是ioctl的一些示例, 实战中灵活使用、举一反三.
七.linux系统ioctl使用示例
These were writed and collected by kf701,
you can use and modify them but NO WARRANTY.
Contact with me : kf_701@21cn.com
程序1:检测接口的 inet_addr,netmask,broad_addr
程序2:检查接口的物理连接是否正常
程序3:更简单一点测试物理连接
程序4:调节音量
***************************程序1****************************************
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <net/if.h>
static void usage(){
printf("usage : ipconfig interface \n");
exit(0);
}
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
struct sockaddr_in *addr;
struct ifreq ifr;
char *name,*address;
int sockfd;
if(argc != 2)
usage();
else
name = argv[1];
sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name,name,IFNAMSIZ-1);
if(ioctl(sockfd,SIOCGIFADDR,&ifr) == -1)
perror("ioctl error"),exit(1);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("inet addr: %s ",address);
if(ioctl(sockfd,SIOCGIFBRDADDR,&ifr) == -1)
perror("ioctl error"),exit(1);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_broadaddr;
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("broad addr: %s ",address);
if(ioctl(sockfd,SIOCGIFNETMASK,&ifr) == -1)
perror("ioctl error"),exit(1);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_addr;
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("inet mask: %s ",address);
printf("\n");
exit(0);
}
******************************** 程序2*****************************************************
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
typedef unsigned short u16;
typedef unsigned int u32;
typedef unsigned char u8;
#include <linux/ethtool.h>
#include <linux/sockios.h>
int detect_mii(int skfd, char *ifname)
{
struct ifreq ifr;
u16 *data, mii_val;
unsigned phy_id;
/* Get the vitals from the interface. */
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGMIIPHY, &ifr) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "SIOCGMIIPHY on %s failed: %s\n", ifname,
strerror(errno));
(void) close(skfd);
return 2;
}
data = (u16 *)(&ifr.ifr_data);
phy_id = data[0];
data[1] = 1;
if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGMIIREG, &ifr) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "SIOCGMIIREG on %s failed: %s\n", ifr.ifr_name,
strerror(errno));
return 2;
}
mii_val = data[3];
return(((mii_val & 0x0016) == 0x0004) ? 0 : 1);
}
int detect_ethtool(int skfd, char *ifname)
{
struct ifreq ifr;
struct ethtool_value edata;
memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
edata.cmd = ETHTOOL_GLINK;
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name)-1);
ifr.ifr_data = (char *) &edata;
if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCETHTOOL, &ifr) == -1)
{
printf("ETHTOOL_GLINK failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
return 2;
}
return (edata.data ? 0 : 1);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int skfd = -1;
char *ifname;
int retval;
if( argv[1] )
ifname = argv[1];
else
ifname = "eth0";
/* Open a socket. */
if (( skfd = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0 ) ) < 0 )
{
printf("socket error\n");
exit(-1);
}
retval = detect_ethtool(skfd, ifname);
if (retval == 2)
retval = detect_mii(skfd, ifname);
close(skfd);
if (retval == 2)
printf("Could not determine status\n");
if (retval == 1)
printf("Link down\n");
if (retval == 0)
printf("Link up\n");
return retval;
}
*******************************程序3*****************************************************
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <linux/sockios.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#define LINKTEST_GLINK 0x0000000a
struct linktest_value {
unsigned int cmd;
unsigned int data;
};
static
void
usage(const char * pname)
{
fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s <device>\n", pname);
fprintf(stderr, "returns: \n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t 0: link detected\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t%d: %s\n", ENODEV, strerror(ENODEV));
fprintf(stderr, "\t%d: %s\n", ENONET, strerror(ENONET));
fprintf(stderr, "\t%d: %s\n", EOPNOTSUPP, strerror(EOPNOTSUPP));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
static
int
linktest(const char * devname)
{
struct ifreq ifr;
struct linktest_value edata;
int fd;
/* setup our control structures. */
memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, devname);
/* open control socket. */
fd=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if(fd < 0 ) {
return -ECOMM;
}
errno=0;
edata.cmd = LINKTEST_GLINK;
ifr.ifr_data = (caddr_t)&edata;
if(!ioctl(fd, SIOCETHTOOL, &ifr)) {
if(edata.data) {
fprintf(stdout, "link detected on %s\n", devname);
return 0;
} else {
errno=ENONET;
}
}
perror("linktest");
return errno;
}
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
if(argc != 2) {
usage(argv[0]);
}
return linktest(argv[1]);
}
*************************************程序4*********************************************************
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/soundcard.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define BASE_VALUE 257
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
int mixer_fd=0;
char *names[SOUND_MIXER_NRDEVICES]=SOUND_DEVICE_LABELS;
int value,i;
printf("\nusage:%s dev_no.[0..24] value[0..100]\n\n",argv[0]);
printf("eg. %s 0 100\n",argv[0]);
printf(" will change the volume to MAX volume.\n\n");
printf("The dev_no. are as below:\n");
for (i=0;i<SOUND_MIXER_NRDEVICES;i++){
if (i%3==0) printf("\n");
printf("%s:%d\t\t",names[i],i);
}
printf("\n\n");
if (argc<3)
exit(1);
if ((mixer_fd = open("/dev/mixer",O_RDWR))){
printf("Mixer opened successfully,working...\n");
value=BASE_VALUE*atoi(argv[2]);
if (ioctl(mixer_fd,MIXER_WRITE(atoi(argv[1])),&value)==0)
printf("successfully.....");
else printf("unsuccessfully.....");
printf("done.\n");
}else
printf("can't open /dev/mixer error....\n");
exit(0);
}
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