linux下使用fdisk分区的方法

fdisk -l 查看硬盘分区的信息

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1          33      265041   83  Linux

/dev/sda2              34        1945    15358140   83  Linux

/dev/sda3            1946        3220    10241437+  83  Linux

/dev/sda4            3221        3916     5590620    5  Extended

/dev/sda5            3221        3481     2096451   82  Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/sda6            3482        3916     3494106   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

大家可以看到有一个/dev/sdb盘还没有分区

使用 fdisk /dev/sdb 进入分区界面

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): 

按下m会输出帮助文件：（具体的命令不再展示）

Command (m for help): m

Command action

   a   toggle a bootable flag

   b   edit bsd disklabel

   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag

   d   delete a partition

   l   list known partition types

   m   print this menu

   n   add a new partition

   o   create a new empty DOS partition table

   p   print the partition table

   q   quit without saving changes

   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel

   t   change a partition's system id

   u   change display/entry units

   v   verify the partition table

   w   write table to disk and exit

   x   extra functionality (experts only)

下面我们就开是对/dev/sdb的分区，我们建立一个主分区，大小为2G

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): n                                         ----创建一个新的分区

Command action

   e   extended

   p   primary partition (1-4)

p --创建一个主分区

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-652, default 1): 1 --分区开始柱面，默认为 1（因为这里是新硬盘，没有分区，所以是1，如果是有分区的，那么默认就是空闲的第一个柱面），

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-652, default 652): +2048M
     --分区的大小

Command (m for help): w --保存退出

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

下面我们使用fdisk -l /dev/sdb 就可以看见我们刚才的分区了

Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1         250     2008093+  83  Linux

下面我们还需要对我们新建的分区格式化才能挂载使用

用 mkfs.后加想格式化的系统，我们格式化成ext3

 mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 

mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

251392 inodes, 502023 blocks

25101 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=515899392

16 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

15712 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks: 

        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Writing inode tables: done                            

Creating journal (8192 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 20 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

现在我们的分区就可以mount使用了

 mount /dev/sdb1 /home/project/

 df -h

文件系统              容量  已用 可用 已用% 挂载点

/dev/sdb1             1.9G   35M  1.8G   2% /home/project

如果我们想下次启动后系统能自动mount这个分区，我们可以修改/etc/fstab文件增加如下信息

/dev/sdb1                  /home/project                   ext3    defaults        0 0