网络实验(六静态路由协议设置)

实验六：静态路由协议的设置

这个是目前学的最复杂的一个：把路由器和交换机合起来应用：

这个需要好好理理思路：

（一）先在下图上设置网络拓扑图如下：





选用路由器是选R3620,1sot 选2个因特网口和一个串口的，路由器R1,R2

选取交换机S2950，交换机s1,s2

R1~R2 串口serial0/0 指定数据通信端DCE,R,serial0/0

R1 0/1~s1 0/1.....R2 0/1~S2 0/1

最后添加路由表，r1和r2互通，p1,p2,p3设置好网关，

一共有三个网络，上图已标记清楚，

二；在下图上设置如下：



（1）首先设置好路由器，让路由器R1和R2可以想通。

R1: enable

configure terminal

hostname R1

interface serial 0/0

ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0

clock rate 64000 DCE端

no shutdown

r1
Router>
Router>
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#interface serial 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down
%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#
R1(config-if)#end
R1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#interface ethernet 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up

R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#exit

R1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2
R1(config)#exit
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default
U - per-user static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C       172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
C       172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
S       172.16.3.0 [1/0] via 172.16.2.2

R1#

R2:

configure terminal

hostname R1

interface serial 0/0

ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0

DP端

no shutdown

并测试R1和R2是否可以通信：ping 172.16.2.1

Router>
Router>
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#interface serial 0/0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.2  255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#exit
R2#

R2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#interface enternet  0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#exit
R2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.1
R2(config)#exit
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default
U - per-user static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C       172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
C       172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
S       172.16.1.0 [1/0] via 172.16.2.1

(2)设置网关

R1

enable

configure terminal

interface ehternet 0/0以太网端口

ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0

no shutdown

PC1

ipconfig /ip 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0

ipconfig /dg 172.16.1.1 网关的设置，

ipconfig /all

PC2

ipconfig /ip 172.16.1.3 255.255.255.0

ipconfig /dg 172.16.1.1 网关的设置，

ipconfig /all

路由器R2设置如上：

R2

enable

configure terminal

interface ehternet 0/0以太网端口

ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0

no shutdown

PC3

ipconfig /ip 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.0

ipconfig /dg 172.16.3.1 网关的设置，

ipconfig /all

（3）把交换机s1,s2和网关相连的接口打开，

enable

hostname S1

interface fastethernet 0/1

no shutdown

exit

interface fastethernet 0/2

no shutdown

exit

interface fasethernet 0/3

no shutdown

exit

s2
Switch>
Switch>
Switch>
Switch>
Switch>enable
Switch#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface fastethernet 0/2
R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface fastethernet 0/2
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface fastethernet 0/3
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit

pc1设置如下：

Press Enter to begin
C:>
C:>ipconfig /ip 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
C:>ipconfig /dg 172.16.1.1
C:>ipconfig /all

HELP
Manipulates ip address for Workstation.

IPCONFIG [/ip] [/dg]
/ip         Adds the ip address and subnet mask to the workstation
/dg        Adds the default gateway to the workstation

Examples:
￠   ipconfig /ip  157.1.1.12 255.0.0.0
￠   ipconfig /dg 157.1.1.1

Boson BOSS 5.0 IP Configuration
Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection:
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.1.2
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.1.1

You can also use winipcfg to configure the IP Address

Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection:
Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Realtek RTL8139/810X Family PCI Fast
Ethernet NIC
Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 000C.8975.3749

C:>ping 172.16.1.1
Pinging 172.16.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241

Ping statistics for 172.16.1.1:     Packets: Sent = 5, Received = 5, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 50ms, Maximum =  60ms, Average =  55ms

C:>
C:>
C:>ping 172.16.3.2
Pinging 172.16.3.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 172.16.3.2: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 172.16.3.2: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 172.16.3.2: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 172.16.3.2: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 172.16.3.2: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241

Ping statistics for 172.16.3.2:     Packets: Sent = 5, Received = 5, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 50ms, Maximum =  60ms, Average =  55ms

C:>

pc2_____________________________________________________
ress Enter to begin
C:>
C:>
C:>ipconfig /ip 172.16.1.3 255.255.255.0
C:>ipconfig /dg 172.16.1.1
C:>ipconfig /all

HELP
Manipulates ip address for Workstation.

IPCONFIG [/ip] [/dg]
/ip         Adds the ip address and subnet mask to the workstation
/dg        Adds the default gateway to the workstation

Examples:
￠   ipconfig /ip  157.1.1.12 255.0.0.0
￠   ipconfig /dg 157.1.1.1

Boson BOSS 5.0 IP Configuration
Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection:
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.1.3
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.1.1

You can also use winipcfg to configure the IP Address

Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection:
Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Realtek RTL8139/810X Family PCI Fast

pc3________________________________________
:>
C:>
C:>ipconfig /ip 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.0
C:>ipconfig /dg 172.16.3.1
C:>ipconfig /all

HELP
Manipulates ip address for Workstation.

IPCONFIG [/ip] [/dg]
/ip         Adds the ip address and subnet mask to the workstation
/dg        Adds the default gateway to the workstation

Examples:
￠   ipconfig /ip  157.1.1.12 255.0.0.0
￠   ipconfig /dg 157.1.1.1

Boson BOSS 5.0 IP Configuration
Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection:
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.3.2
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.3.1

You can also use winipcfg to configure the IP Address

Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection:
Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Realtek RTL8139/810X Family PCI Fast
Ethernet NIC

C:>ping 172.16.3.1
Pinging 172.16.3.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241
Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=241

Ping statistics for 172.16.3.1:     Packets: Sent = 5, Received = 5, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 50ms, Maximum =  60ms, Average =  55ms

C:>ping 172.16.1.2
Pinging 172.16.1.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.

Ping statistics for 172.16.1.2:
Packets: Sent = 5, Received = 0, Lost = 5 (100% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum =  0ms, Average =  0ms

再次进行测试。

PC1可以和R1通信啦，

pc1, ping 172.16.1.1

由于此时还没有设置路由表信息，所以此时的路由表转发数据报时，只可以存储，无法转发出去，没有路由表。

此时Pc1和pc3无法通信。

（4）这也是本次实验的重点。

添加路由表信息。

pc1~px3切换到全局模式下，ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2

第一个是目的网路号，第二个是目的网路号对应的子网掩码，第三个是到目的网路的下一跳端口。

show ip route

pc3~pc1

ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.1

show ip route

进行最后一次的测试：

pc1~pc3：ping 172.16.3.2

pc3~pc1: ping 172.16.1.2

到次结束。