Debian/Ubuntu里安装Nginx+PHP(spawn-fcgi)+MySQL

作者：谋万世全局者

转自：http://www.ha97.com/965.html

在服务器上一直用的都是CentOS系统，我这次试了下Debian。其实在国外，Debian在服务器领域的使用率占Linux的40%多。

下面是Debian里安装nginx+php(spawn-fcgi)+mysql的记录与总结：

1. 首先是添加源地址，因为我要安装最新稳定版的软件，Debian默认的软件版本比较老。

vim /etc/apt/sources.list

增加下面的行：

deb http://packages.dotdeb.org stable all

deb-src http://packages.dotdeb.org stable all

（下面安装的过程中会提示“软件不能通过验证”之类的，因为不是官方的源，才会这样提示。按y确认就可以！）

2. 接着，更新系统软件包。

apt-get update

apt-get dist-upgrade（不想更新内核的用apt-get upgrade）

3. 接着是PHP5，根据自己的需要选择安装PHP5的扩展。

apt-get install php5-common php5-cgi php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-idn php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-mhash php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl php5-apc

4. 下面是安装mysql5.1,安装过程会需要你输入root密码的

apt-get install mysql-server-5.1

/etc/init.d/mysql start

/etc/init.d/mysql stop

5. 安装nginx及其依赖软件包：

apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libpcrecpp0 libssl-dev zlib1g-dev build-essential nginx

源里的nginx版本是0.6.32，有点老，可以去nginx官方下载最新的稳定版源码包编译安装，方法如下：

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-0.8.37.tar.gz
tar zxvf nginx-0.8.37.tar.gz

cd nginx-0.8.37/

./configure –user=www –group=www –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module –with-http_gzip_static_module –with-http_ssl_module

make

make install

cd ../

6. 最后安装spawn-fcgi，用来启动PHP的FastCGI模式

wget http://www. href="http://www.ha97.com/category/web-server/lighttpd" target=_blank>lighttpd.net/download/spawn-fcgi-1.6.3.tar.gz

tar -zxf spawn-fcgi-1.6.3.tar.gz

cd spawn-fcgi-1.6.3

./configure –bindir=/usr/bin –libdir=/usr/lib –prefix=/etc

make&&make install

7. 启动方法：

/usr/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -C 8 -u www -g www -f “/usr/bin/php5-cgi -d /var/www”

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

配置开机自动启动Nginx+PHP：vim /etc/rc.local 在末尾增加以上内容即可。

nginx配置文件请参考：（里面的目录路径请根据实际情况修改。）

user www www;worker_processes 8;

error_log /var/www//logs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 65535;

}

http

{

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

server

{

listen 80;

server_name blog.ha97.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /var/www/nginx-default/blog;

#limit_conn crawler 20;

location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$

{

#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$

{

expires 30d;

}

location ~ .*.(js|css)?$

{

expires 1h;

}

log_format access ’$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” ‘

‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘

‘”$http_user_agent” $http_x_forwarded_for’;

access_log /var/www/logs/access.log access;

}

server

{

listen 80;

server_name www.ha97.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /var/www/nginx-default/www;

location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$

{

#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

log_format wwwlogs ’$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” ‘

‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘

‘”$http_user_agent” $http_x_forwarded_for’;

access_log /var/www/logs/wwwlogs.log wwwlogs;

}

server

{

listen 80;

server_name status.ha97.com;

location / {

stub_status on;

access_log off;

}

}

}

在nginx.conf配置文件的目录中创建fcgi.conf文件，输入以下内容：

fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;

fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with –enable-force-cgi-redirect

fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;

Ubuntu源于Debian，以上配置在Ubuntu上也基本适用。