Android 接收和发送短信

1.android发送短信

android API 中提供了smsManager类处理短信。其中的sendTextMessage(num,
null, content, pend, null)函数就是发送

短信的方法。第一个参数为目标者手机号、第二个参数为短信中心地址 null为默认地址、

第三个参数短信的文本内容、第四个参数是一个intent会把发送结果带回。第五个参数不知，一般为null。



一个应用程序要具备发送短信功能，需要在androidManifest.xml中加入android.permission.SEND_SMS权限。



在模拟器中发送中文会接收方出现乱码的问题，但是在真机中，就不会出现乱码的情况了。所以

开发者只需要正常开发短信功能，不需要编码转换。

接收短信也是比较方便的，主要是继承BroadcaseReceiver
类 ,覆盖onReceive
函数：

1:相关类：

android.content.BroadcastReceiver

android.telephony.gsm.SmsMessage;

2:example code.

public class MessageDemo extends BroadcastReceiver {

private static final String strACT = "android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED";

public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

if (intent.getAction().equals(strACT)) {

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();

if (bundle != null) {

Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");

SmsMessage[] msg = new SmsMessage[pdus.length];

for (int i = 0; i < pdus.length; i++) {

msg[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i]);

}

for (SmsMessage currMsg : msg) {

sb.append("From:");

sb.append(currMsg.getDisplayOriginatingAddress());

sb.append("\nMessage:");

sb.append(currMsg.getDisplayMessageBody());

}

}

}

}

}

3: 相关的配置

修改AndroidManifest.xml，在Activity下添加receiver节点：

<receiver android:name="MessageDemo">

<intent-filter>

<action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />

</intent-filter>

</receiver>

随后在application下添加节点：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"></uses-permission>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"></uses-permission>

4:使用BroadReceiver的弊端

查看BroadReceiver sdk reference ,
可以了解到所有的BroadReceiver对短信的接收是无顺序的状态
，即使是使用了Ordered broadcasts对于同等优先级别的BroadReceiver
,也会产生无顺序的行为。

所以下面介绍另一种接收短信的行为，包括其中可以进行短信的删除。

5：从数据库端监听sms的收发

//如下
主要用于内部数据库改变，向外面的界面(Activity)做反应

class SMSHandler extends Handler

{

public void handleMessage(Message msg)

{

//Handle message

}

}

// 对收到短消息后，做出的处理,这里直接删除，并没有反应到界面，所以上面的handleMessage是空的。

class SMSObserver extends ContentObserver

{

private Handler m_handle = null;

public SMSObserver(Handler handle)

{

super(handle);

m_handle = handle;

}

public void onChange(boolean bSelfChange)

{

super.onChange(bSelfChange);

//Send message to Activity

Message msg = new Message();

msg.obj = "xxxxxxxxxx";

m_handle.sendMessage(msg);

String strUriInbox = "content://sms/inbox";

Uri uriSms = Uri.parse(strUriInbox); //If you want to access all SMS, just replace the uri string to "content://sms/"

Cursor c = mContext.getContentResolver().query(uriSms, null, null, null, null);

// delete all sms here when every new sms occures.

while (c.moveToNext())

{

//Read the contents of the SMS;

for(int i; i < c.getColumnCount(); i++)

{

String strColumnName = c.getColumnName(i);

String strColumnValue = c.getString(i);

}

//Delete the SMS

String pid = c.getString(1); //Get thread id;

String uri = "content://sms/conversations/" + pid;

mContext.getContentResolver().delete(Uri.parse(uri), null, null);



}



}

}

//把基本类功能性地应用起来

ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver();// Context 环境下getContentResolver()

Handler handler = new SMSHandler();

ContentObserver m_SMSObserver = new SMSObserver(handler);

contentResolver.registerContentObserver(Uri.parse("content://sms/inbox"),true, m_SMSObserver);

//Register to observe SMS in outbox,we can observe SMS in other location by changing Uri string, such as inbox, sent, draft, outbox, etc.)

// some Available Uri string for sms.

/*

String strUriInbox = "content://sms/inbox";//SMS_INBOX:1

String strUriFailed = "content://sms/failed";//SMS_FAILED:2

String strUriQueued = "content://sms/queued";//SMS_QUEUED:3

String strUriSent = "content://sms/sent";//SMS_SENT:4

String strUriDraft = "content://sms/draft";//SMS_DRAFT:5

String strUriOutbox = "content://sms/outbox";//SMS_OUTBOX:6

String strUriUndelivered = "content://sms/undelivered";//SMS_UNDELIVERED

String strUriAll = "content://sms/all";//SMS_ALL

String strUriConversations = "content://sms/conversations";//you can delete one conversation by thread_id

String strUriAll = "content://sms"//you can delete one message by _id

*/

REMEBER: must request following permission

1) Read SMS

<uses-permssion android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />

2) Delete/Modify/Send SMS

<uses-permssion android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SMS" />

in AndroidManifest.xml





Android数据库总结：



短信数据库

String strUriInbox = "content://sms";

Uri uriSms = Uri.parse(strUriInbox);

Cursor c_groups = managedQuery( uriSms , new String[] { "date","person" }, select, null, "date DESC");

strColumnName=_id strColumnValue=48 //短消息序号

strColumnName=thread_id strColumnValue=16 //对话的序号（conversation）

strColumnName=address strColumnValue=+8610086 //发件人地址，手机号

strColumnName=person strColumnValue=null //发件人，返回一个数字就是联系人列表里的序号，陌生人为null

strColumnName=date strColumnValue=1256539464222 //日期 long型，想得到具体日期自己转换吧！

strColumnName=protocol strColumnValue=0 //协议

strColumnName=read strColumnValue=1 //是否阅读

strColumnName=status strColumnValue=-1 //状态

strColumnName=type strColumnValue=1 //类型 1是接收到的，2是发出的

strColumnName=reply_path_present strColumnValue=0 //

strColumnName=subject strColumnValue=null //主题

strColumnName=body strColumnValue=您好 //短消息内容

strColumnName=service_center strColumnValue=+8613800755500 //短信服务中心号码编号，可以得知该短信是从哪里发过来的

2.联系人数据库

strColumnName = _sync_id strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = primary_organization strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = notes strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = primary_phone strColumnValue=1

strColumnName = status strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = im_handle strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = _sync_local_id strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = im_account strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = _sync_time strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = im_protocol strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = mode strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = label strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = times_contacted strColumnValue=0

strColumnName = name strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = send_to_voicemail strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = primary_email strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = custom_ringtone strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = sort_string strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = _sync_version strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = last_time_contacted strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = _sync_account strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = display_name strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = number_key strColumnValue=77681111831

strColumnName = number strColumnValue=13811112345

strColumnName = phonetic_name strColumnValue=null

strColumnName = _id strColumnValue=1

strColumnName = type strColumnValue=2

strColumnName = _sync_dirty strColumnValue=1

strColumnName = starred strColumnValue=0

4.其他数据库

//Available Uri string

content://contacts/people //本地联系人列表信息

content://contacts/phones //本地联系人列表信息

content://call_log/calls/ //本地通话记录

content://mms 彩信

content://mms-sms/threadID

content://mms-sms/conversations

content://mms-sms/messages/byphone

content://mms-sms/undelivered

content://mms-sms/draft



媒体

content://media/internal/images 这个URI将返回设备上存储的所有图片

String strUriInbox = "content://sms/inbox"; //SMS_INBOX:1

String strUriFailed = "content://sms/failed"; //SMS_FAILED:2

String strUriQueued = "content://sms/queued"; //SMS_QUEUED:3

String strUriSent = "content://sms/sent"; //SMS_SENT:4

String strUriDraft = "content://sms/draft"; //SMS_DRAFT:5

String strUriOutbox = "content://sms/outbox"; //SMS_OUTBOX:6

String strUriUndelivered = "content://sms/undelivered"; //SMS_UNDELIVERED

String strUriAll = "content://sms/all"; //SMS_ALL

String strUriConversations= "content://sms/conversations";//you can delete one conversation by thread_id

String strUriAll = "content://sms" //you can delete one message by _id

访问短信数据库的uri

content://sms/inbox 收件箱

[b] content://sms/sent 已发送

content://sms/draft 草稿

content://sms/outbox 发件箱

content://sms/failed 发送失败

content://sms/queued 待发送列表[/b]

数据库相关字段如下：

_id 一个自增字段，从1开始

thread_id 序号，同一发信人的id相同

address 发件人手机号码（根据这个查找联系人姓名？）

person 联系人列表里的序号，陌生人为null

date 发件日期，单位是milliseconds，从1970/01/01至今所经过的时间)

protocol 协议，分为： 0 SMS_RPOTO, 1 MMS_PROTO

read 是否阅读，0未读， 1已读

status 状态，-1接收，0 complete, 64 pending, 128 failed

type

ALL = 0;

INBOX = 1;

SENT = 2;

DRAFT = 3;

OUTBOX = 4;

FAILED = 5;

QUEUED = 6;

body 短信内容

service_center 短信服务中心号码编号

subject 短信的主题

reply_path_present TP-Reply-Path

locked访问短信数据库的uri

content://sms/inbox 收件箱

[b] content://sms/sent 已发送

content://sms/draft 草稿

content://sms/outbox 发件箱

content://sms/failed 发送失败

content://sms/queued 待发送列表[/b]

content://sms/conversations"; //you can delete one conversation by thread_id

数据库相关字段如下：

_id 一个自增字段，从1开始

thread_id 序号，同一发信人的id相同

address 发件人手机号码（根据这个查找联系人姓名？）

person 联系人列表里的序号，陌生人为null

date 发件日期，单位是milliseconds，从1970/01/01至今所经过的时间)

protocol 协议，分为： 0 SMS_RPOTO, 1 MMS_PROTO

read 是否阅读，0未读， 1已读

status 状态，-1接收，0 complete, 64 pending, 128 failed

type

ALL = 0;

INBOX = 1;

SENT = 2;

DRAFT = 3;

OUTBOX = 4;

FAILED = 5;

QUEUED = 6;

body 短信内容

service_center 短信服务中心号码编号

subject 短信的主题

reply_path_present TP-Reply-Path

locked