ios 文件/目录操作

创建与删除：

//创建文件管理器

NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];

//获取路径

//参数NSDocumentDirectory要获取那种路径

NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);

NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];//去处需要的路径



//更改到待操作的目录下

[fileManager changeCurrentDirectoryPath:[documentsDirectory stringByExpandingTildeInPath]];

//创建文件fileName文件名称，contents文件的内容，如果开始没有内容可以设置为nil，attributes文件的属性，初始为nil

[fileManager createFileAtPath:@"fileName" contents:nil attributes:nil];

//删除待删除的文件

[fileManager removeItemAtPath:@"createdNewFile" error:nil];

写入数据：

//获取文件路径

NSString *path = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"fileName"];



//待写入的数据

NSString *temp = @"Hello friend";

int data0 = 100000;

float data1 = 23.45f;



//创建数据缓冲

NSMutableData *writer = [[NSMutableData alloc] init];



//将字符串添加到缓冲中

[writer appendData:[temp dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];

//将其他数据添加到缓冲中

[writer appendBytes:&data0 length:sizeof(data0)];

[writer appendBytes:&data1 length:sizeof(data1)];



//将缓冲的数据写入到文件中

[writer writeToFile:path atomically:YES];

[writer release];

读取数据：

int gData0;

float gData1;

NSString *gData2;



NSData *reader = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:path];

gData2 = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:[reader subdataWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, [temp length])]

encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

[reader getBytes:&gData0 range:NSMakeRange([temp length], sizeof(gData0))];

[reader getBytes:&gData2 range:NSMakeRange([temp length] + sizeof(gData0), sizeof(gData1))];



NSLog(@"gData0:%@ gData1:%i gData2:%f", gData0, gData1, gData2);

读取工程中的文件：

读取数据时，要看待读取的文件原有的文件格式，是字节码还是文本，我经常需要重文件中读取字节码，所以我写的是读取字节文件的方式。

//用于存放数据的变量，因为是字节，所以是ＵInt8

UInt8 b = 0;

//获取文件路径

NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"fileName" ofType:@""];

//获取数据

NSData *reader = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:path];

//获取字节的个数

int length = [reader length];

NSLog(@"------->bytesLength:%d", length);

for(int i = 0; i < length; i++)

{

//读取数据

[reader getBytes:&b range:NSMakeRange(i, sizeof(b))];

NSLog(@"-------->data%d:%d", i, b);

使用目录

目录方法:

- (NSString *)currentDirectoryPath

获取当前目录

- (BOOL)changeCurrentDirectoryPath:(NSString *)path

更改当前目录

- (BOOL)copyItemAtPath:(NSString *)srcPath toPath:(NSString *)dstPath error:(NSError **)error

复制目录或文件

- (BOOL)createDirectoryAtPath:(NSString *)path withIntermediateDirectories:(BOOL)createIntermediates attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributes error:(NSError **)error

创建一个新的目录

- (BOOL)fileExistsAtPath:(NSString *)path isDirectory:(BOOL *)isDirectory

测试文件是不是目录

- (NSArray *)contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError **)error

列目录(不会递归)

- (NSDirectoryEnumerator *)enumeratorAtPath:(NSString *)path

枚举目录内容(会递归)

- (BOOL)removeItemAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError **)error

删除一个文件,文件夹,链接

- (BOOL)moveItemAtPath:(NSString *)srcPath toPath:(NSString *)dstPath error:(NSError **)error

移动(重命名)目录到一个指定的路径

NSPathUtilities.h 包含了NSString的函数和分类扩展,用于操作路径名.

#import <Foundation/NSObject.h>

#import <Foundation/NSAutoreleasePool.h>

#import <Foundation/NSString.h>

#import <Foundation/NSFileManager.h>

#import <Foundation/NSArray.h>

#import <Foundation/NSPathUtilities.h>

int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) {

NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];

NSFileManager *fm;

//NSFileManager对象

NSString *dirName = @"testdir";

NSString *path;

fm = [[NSFileManager alloc]init];

path = [fm currentDirectoryPath];

NSLog(@"%@",path);

//获取当前目录路径.

if ([fm createDirectoryAtPath:dirName withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:NULL] == NO) {

NSLog(@"Couldn't create dir");

return 1;

}

//新建目录

if ([fm moveItemAtPath:dirName toPath"newdir" error:NULL] == NO) {

NSLog(@"Directory rename failed");

return 2;

}

//重命名目录

if ([fm changeCurrentDirectoryPath"newdir"] == NO) {

NSLog(@"change directory failed");

return 3;

}

//修改路径到新目录

path = [fm currentDirectoryPath];

//返回当前路径

NSLog(@"Current directory path is %@",path);

//打印

NSLog(@"successful");

[pool drain];

return 0;

}

枚举目录中的内容:

NSPathUtilities.h 包含了NSString的函数和分类扩展,用于操作路径名.

#import <Foundation/NSObject.h>

#import <Foundation/NSAutoreleasePool.h>

#import <Foundation/NSString.h>

#import <Foundation/NSFileManager.h>

#import <Foundation/NSArray.h>

#import <Foundation/NSPathUtilities.h>

int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) {

NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];

NSFileManager *fm;

NSString *path;

NSDirectoryEnumerator *dirEnum;

NSArray *dirArray;

fm = [[NSFileManager alloc]init];

path = [fm currentDirectoryPath];

//当前目录

dirEnum = [fm enumeratorAtPath:path];

//开始枚举过程,将其存入dirEnum中.

NSLog(@"路径:%@",path);

//打印当前路径

while ((path = [ dirEnum nextObject]) != nil) {

NSLog(@"%@",path);

}

//向dirEnum发送nextObject消息,返回下一个文件路径,当没有可供枚举时,返回nil.

//enumeratorAtPath:方法会递归打印.

dirArray = [fm contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:[fm currentDirectoryPath] error:NULL];

NSLog(@"内容为:");

//使用contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:方法枚举当前路径中的文件并存入数组dirArray.

for (path in dirArray)

NSLog(@"%@",path);

//快速枚举数组中的内容并打印.

[pool drain];

return 0;

}

使用路径:

NSPathUtilities.h 包含了NSString的函数和分类扩展,用于操作路径名.

#import

#import

#import

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#import

#import

int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) {

NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];

NSFileManager *fm;

NSString *fName = @"path.m";

NSString *upath = @"~s0s0/123/xxx/../321/./path.m";

NSString *path, *tempdir, *extension, *homedir, *fullpath;

NSArray *components;

fm = [[NSFileManager alloc]init];

tempdir = NSTemporaryDirectory();

//NSTemporaryDirectory()函数返回可以用来创建临时文件的目录路径名,如果要创建文件,完成任务后要删除;确保文件名是唯一的.

NSLog(@"临时文件夹路径为:%@",tempdir);

path = [fm currentDirectoryPath];

//返回当前目录路径

NSLog(@"父目录名: %@",[path lastPathComponent]);

//lastPathComponent方法用与提取路径中最后一个目录名.

fullpath = [path stringByAppendingPathComponent:fName];

//stringByAppendingPathComponent:方法将文件名插入到路径的末尾,这样就能显示一个文件的完整路径.

NSLog(@"完整路径为:%@ to %@",fName,fullpath);

//打印一个文件的完整路径.

extension = [fullpath pathExtension];

//pathExtension方法返回一个完整路径中的文件扩展名,如果没有扩展名,就返回空字符.

NSLog(@"extension for %@ is %@ ",fullpath, extension);

homedir = NSHomeDirectory();

//NSHomeDirectory()函数返回当前用户的主目录

//NSHomeDirectoryForUser(username)函数可以提供用户名做参数,并返回主目录名

NSLog(@"主目录为 : %@",homedir);

components = [homedir pathComponents];

//pathComponents方法返回一个数组,数组中包含一个路径中的每个组成部分.

for (path in components)

NSLog(@"%@",path);

//依次输出数组components中保存的元素.

NSLog(@"%@ -> %@",upath, [upath stringByStandardizingPath]);

//stringByStandardizingPath方法将原路径中的代字符转化为完整路径.

//如果是路径名字中出现代字符,可以使用stringByExpandingTildeInPath方法.

[pool drain];

return 0;

}