Frame-relay配置实例

转自：点击打开链接

实验环境

Dynamips模拟器

Cisco IOS Software, 3700 Software (C3745-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(4)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

拓扑结构

如下图所示， R1、R2、R3三台路由器通过帧中继云相互连接。

四台设备都是C3475路由器，其中路由器R4用来模拟帧中继交换机FR（注：在实验环境中，模拟帧中继交换机的路由器至少有三个广域网串口）。

实验要求

实现帧中继网络通信；在帧中继网络上运行EIGRP路由选择协议。

操作步骤

一、基本配置（路由器改名等，略）

二、配置帧中继交换机

FR(config)#

FR(config)#frame-relay switching ! 开启frame 交换功能

FR(config)#int s3/1

FR(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
IEtf ! 接口封装帧中继

FR(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce ! 为了帧中继交换，将接口配置为DCE

FR(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi ！本地接口封装类型由默认的cisco改为ansi

FR(config-if)#clock rate 64000

FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 102 interface s3/2 201 ! 指定路由

FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 103 interface s3/3 301

FR(config-if)#no shutdown

FR(config-if)#exit

FR(config)#

FR(config)#int s3/2

FR(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ietf

FR(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce

FR(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi

FR(config-if)#clock rate 64000

FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 201 interface s3/1 102

FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 203 interface s3/3 302

FR(config-if)#no shutdown

FR(config-if)#exit

FR(config)#

FR(config)#int s3/3

FR(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ietf

FR(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce

FR(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi

FR(config-if)#clock rate 64000

FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 301 interface s3/1 103

FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 302 interface s3/2 203

FR(config-if)#no shutdown

FR(config-if)#end

FR#

------------------------------------------------------

查看FR路由

FR#sh frame-relay route

Input Intf Input Dlci Output Intf Output Dlci Status

Serial3/1 102 Serial3/2 201 inactive

Serial3/1 103 Serial3/3 301 inactive

Serial3/2 201 Serial3/1 102 inactive

Serial3/2 203 Serial3/3 302 inactive

Serial3/3 301 Serial3/1 103 inactive

Serial3/3 302 Serial3/2 203 inactive

可以看到，此时的帧中继链路是非激活的。

三、配置R1、R2、R3路由器

R1(config)#int s3/1

R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.123.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ietf

R1(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp ！关闭ARP

R1(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi

R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.2 102 broadcast ！指定静态映射

R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.3 103 broadcast

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#

------------------------------------------------------

R2(config)#int s3/2

R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.123.2 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ietf

R2(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp

R2(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi

R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.1 201 broadcast

R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.3 203 broadcast

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#

------------------------------------------------------

R3(config)#int s3/3

R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.123.3 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ietf

R3(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp

R3(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi

R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.1 301 broadcast

R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.2 302 broadcast

R3(config-if)#no shutdown

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#

四、验证配置

查看FR路由

FR#sh frame-relay route

Input Intf Input Dlci Output Intf Output Dlci Status

Serial3/1 102 Serial3/2 201 active

Serial3/1 103 Serial3/3 301 active

Serial3/2 201 Serial3/1 102 active

Serial3/2 203 Serial3/3 302 active

Serial3/3 301 Serial3/1 103 active

Serial3/3 302 Serial3/2 203 active

配置好各路由器后，此时各帧中继链路都自动变为激活状态（前提是配置无误）。

------------------------------------------------------

查看映射

R1#sh frame-relay map

Serial3/1 (up): ip 192.168.123.2 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,

broadcast,

IETF, status defined, active

Serial3/1 (up): ip 192.168.123.3 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), static,

broadcast,

IETF, status defined, active

------------------------------------------------------

R2#sh frame-relay map

Serial3/2 (up): ip 192.168.123.1 dlci 201(0xC9,0x3090), static,

broadcast,

IETF, status defined, active

Serial3/2 (up): ip 192.168.123.3 dlci 203(0xCB,0x30B0), static,

broadcast,

IETF, status defined, active

------------------------------------------------------

R3#sh frame-relay map

Serial3/3 (up): ip 192.168.123.1 dlci 301(0x12D,0x48D0), static,

broadcast,

IETF, status defined, active

Serial3/3 (up): ip 192.168.123.2 dlci 302(0x12E,0x48E0), static,

broadcast,

IETF, status defined, active

------------------------------------------------------

查看永久虚电路，以R3为例

R3#sh frame-relay pvc

PVC Statistics for interface Serial3/3 (Frame Relay DTE)

Active Inactive Deleted Static

Local 2 0 0 0

Switched 0 0 0 0

Unused 0 0 0 0

DLCI = 301, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial3/3

input pkts 9 output pkts 8 in bytes 540

out bytes 476 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0

out pkts dropped 0 out bytes dropped 0

in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0

out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0

out bcast pkts 2 out bcast bytes 128

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

pvc create time 00:01:39, last time pvc status changed 00:01:39

DLCI = 302, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial3/3

input pkts 8 output pkts 13 in bytes 448

out bytes 676 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0

out pkts dropped 0 out bytes dropped 0

in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0

out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0

out bcast pkts 1 out bcast bytes 64

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

pvc create time 00:01:21, last time pvc status changed 00:01:21

五、测试网络连通性

R1#ping 192.168.123.2

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.123.2, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/55/72 ms

------------------------------------------------------

R1#ping 192.168.123.3

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.123.3, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/40/68 ms

------------------------------------------------------

R2#ping 192.168.123.3

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.123.3, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/42/68 ms

------------------------------------------------------

至此，路由器之间能正常通讯。

但此时，路由器ping自己是ping不通的。比如R1：

R1#ping 192.168.123.1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.123.1, timeout is 2 seconds:

.....

Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)

------------------------------------------------------

为什么呢？因为frame-relay map里面并没有相关信息。需要手工添加，比如在R1上添加：

R1(config)#int s3/1

R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.1 102

然后我们再看一下R1上的映射

R1#sh frame-relay map

Serial3/1 (up): ip 192.168.123.1 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,

IETF, status defined, active

Serial3/1 (up): ip 192.168.123.2 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,

IETF, status defined, active

Serial3/1 (up): ip 192.168.123.3 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), static,

IETF, status defined, active

此时再R1ping自己，便能ping通了。

R1#ping 192.168.123.1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.123.1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 56/97/140 ms

六、启动回环口，配置EIGRP

R1(config)#int loop 0

R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#router eigrp 50

R1(config-router)#net 192.168.123.0 0.0.0.255

R1(config-router)#net 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

R1(config-router)#no auto-summary

R1(config-router)#exit

------------------------------------------------------

R2(config)#int loop 0

R2(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#router eigrp 50

R2(config-router)#net 192.168.123.0 0.0.0.255

R2(config-router)#net 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255

R2(config-router)#no auto-summary

R2(config-router)#exit

------------------------------------------------------

R3(config)#int loop 0

R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#router eigrp 50

R3(config-router)#net 192.168.123.0 0.0.0.255

R3(config-router)#net 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255

R3(config-router)#no auto-summary

R3(config-router)

七、查看EIGRP路由

配置完成后，查看R1发现的eigrp邻居及其学习到的路由

R1#sh ip eigrp neighbors

IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 50

H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq

(sec) (ms) Cnt Num

1 192.168.123.3 Se3/1 162 00:09:26 1041 5000 0 6

0 192.168.123.2 Se3/1 163 00:09:26 75 450 0 6

------------------------------------------------------

R1#sh ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 192.168.123.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/1

1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D 2.2.2.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.123.2, 00:07:26, Serial3/1

3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D 3.3.3.0 [90/2297856] via 192.168.123.3, 00:07:26, Serial3/1

------------------------------------------------------

进行ping测试

R1#ping 3.3.3.3

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/37/64 ms

注：前面在配置映射时，设定了采用广播方式broadcast（如果不增加这个字段，表示采用非广播方式，则本实验是不能成功的），比如R1，

R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.2 102 broadcast

R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.3 103 broadcast

由于EIGRP默认是支持广播的，所以EIGRP能自动的发现邻居。

如果运行OSPF，默认是NBMA环境，不支持广播，因而不能自动发现邻居，需要静态的指定邻居，才能学习到其他路由器上的路由。