2012年微软校招实习生笔试题（2012.4.7）
2013-04-07 10:03
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1、Suppose that a selection sort of 80 items has completed 32 iterations of the main loop. How many items are now guaranteed to be in their final spot (never to
be moved again)?
A、16 B、31 C、32 D、39 E、40
2、Which synchronization mechanism(s) is/are used to avoid race conditions among processes/threads in operating system?
A、Mutex B、Mailbox C、Semaphore D、Local procedure call
3、There is a sequence of n numbers 1,2,3,...,n and a stack which can keep m numbers at most. Push the n numbers into the stack following the sequence and pop out randomly . Suppose n is 2 and m is 3,the output sequence may be 1,2 or 2,1,so we get 2 different
sequences . Suppose n is 7,and m is 5,please choose the output sequence of the stack.
A、1,2,3,4,5,6,7
B、7,6,5,4,3,2,1
C、5,6,4,3,7,2,1
D、1,7,6,5,4,3,2
E、3,2,1,7,5,6,4
4、Which is the result of binary number 01011001 after multiplying by 0111001 and adding 1101110?
A、0001010000111111
B、0101011101110011
C、0011010000110101
转化为10进制操作以后，再转化为二进制就可以了。
5、What is output if you compile and execute the following c code?
[cpp] view
plaincopy
void main()
{
int i = 11;
int const *p = &i;
p++;
printf("%d",*p);
}
A、11
B、12
C、Garbage value
D、Compile error
E、None of above
6、Which of following C++ code is correct ? C
A、
[cpp] view
plaincopy
int f()
{
int *a = new int(3);
return *a;
}
B、
[cpp] view
plaincopy
int *f()
{
int a[3] = {1,2,3};
return a;
}
C、
[cpp] view
plaincopy
vector<int> f()
{
vector<int> v(3);
return v;
}
D、
[cpp] view
plaincopy
void f(int *ret)
{
int a[3] = {1,2,3};
ret = a;
return ;
}
E、None of above
7、Given that the 180-degree rotated image of a 5-digit number is another 5-digit number and the difference between the numbers is 78633, what is the original 5-digit number？
A、60918 B、91086 C、18609 D、10968 E、86901
8、Which of the following statements are true
A、We can create a binary tree from given inorder and preorder traversal sequences.
B、We can create a binary tree from given preorder and postorder traversal sequences.
C、For an almost sorted array,Insertion sort can be more effective than Quciksort.
D、Suppose T(n) is the runtime of resolving a problem with n elements, T(n)=O(1) if n=1;
T(n)=2*T(n/2)+O(n) if n>1; so T(n) is O(nlgn)
E、None of above
9、Which of the following statements are true?
A、Insertion sort and bubble sort are not efficient for large data sets.
B、Qucik sort makes O(n^2) comparisons in the worst case.
C、There is an array :7,6,5,4,3,2,1. If using selection sort (ascending),the number of swap operations is 6
D、Heap sort uses two heap operations:insertion and root deletion （插入、堆调整）
E、None of above
10、Assume both x and y are integers,which one of the followings returns the minimum of the two integers?
A、y^((x^y) & -(x<y))
B、y^(x^y)
C、x^(x^y)
D、(x^y)^(y^x)
E、None of above
x<y的时候，-（x<y）即-1的补码形式就是全1（111111），（x^y）&-（x<y）== x^y。x>y的时候，-（x<y）即0的补码形式就是全0（000000），（x^y）&-（x<y）== 0
11、The Orchid Pavilion(兰亭集序) is well known as the top of “行书”in history of Chinese literature. The most fascinating sentence is "Well I know it is a lie to say
that life and death is the same thing, and that longevity and early death make no difference Alas!"(固知一死生为虚诞，齐彭殇为妄作).By counting the characters of the whole content (in Chinese version),the result should be 391(including punctuation). For these characters
written to a text file,please select the possible file size without any data corrupt.
A、782 bytes in UTF-16 encoding
B、784 bytes in UTF-16 encoding
C、1173 bytes in UTF-8 encoding
D、1176 bytes in UTF-8 encoding
E、None of above
12、Fill the blanks inside class definition
[cpp] view
plaincopy
class Test
{
public:
____ int a;
____ int b;
public:
Test::Test(int _a , int _b) : a( _a )
{
b = _b;
}
};
int Test::b;
int main(void)
{
Test t1(0 , 0) , t2(1 , 1);
t1.b = 10;
t2.b = 20;
printf("%u %u %u %u",t1.a , t1.b , t2.a , t2.b);
return 0;
}
Running result : 0 20 1 20
A、static/const
B、const/static
C、--/static
D、conststatic/static
E、None of above
13、A 3-order B-tree has 2047 key words,what is the maximum height of the tree?
A、11 B、12 C、13 D、14
解析：m阶B-树的根节点至少有两棵子树，其他除根之外的所有非终端节点至少含有m/2(向上取整)棵子树，即至少含有m/2-1个关键字。根据题意，3阶的B-树若想要达到最大的高度，那么每个节点含有一个关键字，即每个节点含有2棵子树，也就是所谓的完全二叉树了，这样达到的高度是最大的。即含有2047个关键字的完全二叉树的高度是多少，这也是为什么这种题只出3阶的原因吧，就是为了转化成求完全二叉树的深度。很明显求得高度是11，但是由于B-树还有一层所谓的叶子节点，可以看作是外部结点或查找失败的结点，实际上这些结点不存在的，指向这些结点的指针为空。所以不考虑叶子节点信息的时候，最大高度是11，考虑叶子节点信息的时候，最大高度就是12了。
14、In C++,which of the following keyword(s）can be used on both a variable and a function?
A、static B、virtual C、extern D、inline E、const
15、What is the result of the following program?
[cpp] view
plaincopy
char *f(char *str , char ch)
{
char *it1 = str;
char *it2 = str;
while(*it2 != '\0')
{
while(*it2 == ch)
{
it2++;
}
*it1++ = *it2++;
}
return str;
}
int main(void)
{
char *a = new char[10];
strcpy(a , "abcdcccd");
cout<<f(a,'c');
return 0;
}
A、abdcccd
B、abdd
C、abcc
D、abddcccd
E、Access violation
16、Consider the following definition of a recursive function,power,that will perform exponentiation.
[cpp] view
plaincopy
int power(int b , int e)
{
if(e == 0)
return 1;
if(e % 2 == 0)
return power(b*b , e/2);
else
return b * power(b*b , e/2);
}
Asymptotically（渐进地） in terms of the exponent e,the number of calls to power that occur as a result of the call power(b,e) is
A、logarithmic
B、linear
C、quadratic
D、exponential
17、Assume a full deck of cards has 52 cards,2 blacks suits (spade and club) and 2 red suits(diamond and heart). If you are given a full deck,and a half deck(with 1 red suit and 1 black suit),what is the possibility for each one getting 2 red cards if taking
2 cards?
A、1/2 1/2
B、25/102 12/50
C、50/51 24/25
D、25/51 12/25
E、25/51 1/2
18、There is a stack and a sequence of n numbers(i.e. 1,2,3,...,n), Push the n numbers into the stack following the sequence and pop out randomly . How many different sequences of the n numbers we may get? Suppose n is 2 , the output sequence may 1,2 or 2,1,
so wo get 2 different sequences .
A、C_2n^n
B、C_2n^n - C_2n^(n+1)
C、((2n)!)/(n+1)n!n!
D、n!
E、None of above
19、Longest Increasing Subsequence(LIS) means a sequence containing some elements in another sequence by the same order, and the values of elements keeps increasing.
For example, LIS of {2,1,4,2,3,7,4,6} is {1,2,3,4,6}, and its LIS length is 5.
Considering an array with N elements , what is the lowest time and space complexity to get the length of LIS？
A、Time : N^2 , Space : N^2
B、Time : N^2 , Space : N
C、Time : NlogN , Space : N
D、Time : N , Space : N
E、Time : N , Space : C
20、What is the output of the following piece of C++ code ？
[cpp] view
plaincopy
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Item
{
char c;
Item *next;
};
Item *Routine1(Item *x)
{
Item *prev = NULL,
*curr = x;
while(curr)
{
Item *next = curr->next;
curr->next = prev;
prev = curr;
curr = next;
}
return prev;
}
void Routine2(Item *x)
{
Item *curr = x;
while(curr)
{
cout<<curr->c<<" ";
curr = curr->next;
}
}
int main(void)
{
Item *x,
d = {'d' , NULL},
c = {'c' , &d},
b = {'b' , &c},
a = {'a' , &b};
x = Routine1( &a );
Routine2( x );
return 0;
}
A、 c b a d
B、 b a d c
C、 d b c a
D、 a b c d
E、 d c b a
be moved again)?
A、16 B、31 C、32 D、39 E、40
2、Which synchronization mechanism(s) is/are used to avoid race conditions among processes/threads in operating system?
A、Mutex B、Mailbox C、Semaphore D、Local procedure call
3、There is a sequence of n numbers 1,2,3,...,n and a stack which can keep m numbers at most. Push the n numbers into the stack following the sequence and pop out randomly . Suppose n is 2 and m is 3,the output sequence may be 1,2 or 2,1,so we get 2 different
sequences . Suppose n is 7,and m is 5,please choose the output sequence of the stack.
A、1,2,3,4,5,6,7
B、7,6,5,4,3,2,1
C、5,6,4,3,7,2,1
D、1,7,6,5,4,3,2
E、3,2,1,7,5,6,4
4、Which is the result of binary number 01011001 after multiplying by 0111001 and adding 1101110?
A、0001010000111111
B、0101011101110011
C、0011010000110101
转化为10进制操作以后，再转化为二进制就可以了。
5、What is output if you compile and execute the following c code?
[cpp] view
plaincopy
void main()
{
int i = 11;
int const *p = &i;
p++;
printf("%d",*p);
}
A、11
B、12
C、Garbage value
D、Compile error
E、None of above
6、Which of following C++ code is correct ? C
A、
[cpp] view
plaincopy
int f()
{
int *a = new int(3);
return *a;
}
B、
[cpp] view
plaincopy
int *f()
{
int a[3] = {1,2,3};
return a;
}
C、
[cpp] view
plaincopy
vector<int> f()
{
vector<int> v(3);
return v;
}
D、
[cpp] view
plaincopy
void f(int *ret)
{
int a[3] = {1,2,3};
ret = a;
return ;
}
E、None of above
7、Given that the 180-degree rotated image of a 5-digit number is another 5-digit number and the difference between the numbers is 78633, what is the original 5-digit number？
A、60918 B、91086 C、18609 D、10968 E、86901
8、Which of the following statements are true
A、We can create a binary tree from given inorder and preorder traversal sequences.
B、We can create a binary tree from given preorder and postorder traversal sequences.
C、For an almost sorted array,Insertion sort can be more effective than Quciksort.
D、Suppose T(n) is the runtime of resolving a problem with n elements, T(n)=O(1) if n=1;
T(n)=2*T(n/2)+O(n) if n>1; so T(n) is O(nlgn)
E、None of above
9、Which of the following statements are true?
A、Insertion sort and bubble sort are not efficient for large data sets.
B、Qucik sort makes O(n^2) comparisons in the worst case.
C、There is an array :7,6,5,4,3,2,1. If using selection sort (ascending),the number of swap operations is 6
D、Heap sort uses two heap operations:insertion and root deletion （插入、堆调整）
E、None of above
10、Assume both x and y are integers,which one of the followings returns the minimum of the two integers?
A、y^((x^y) & -(x<y))
B、y^(x^y)
C、x^(x^y)
D、(x^y)^(y^x)
E、None of above
x<y的时候，-（x<y）即-1的补码形式就是全1（111111），（x^y）&-（x<y）== x^y。x>y的时候，-（x<y）即0的补码形式就是全0（000000），（x^y）&-（x<y）== 0
11、The Orchid Pavilion(兰亭集序) is well known as the top of “行书”in history of Chinese literature. The most fascinating sentence is "Well I know it is a lie to say
that life and death is the same thing, and that longevity and early death make no difference Alas!"(固知一死生为虚诞，齐彭殇为妄作).By counting the characters of the whole content (in Chinese version),the result should be 391(including punctuation). For these characters
written to a text file,please select the possible file size without any data corrupt.
A、782 bytes in UTF-16 encoding
B、784 bytes in UTF-16 encoding
C、1173 bytes in UTF-8 encoding
D、1176 bytes in UTF-8 encoding
E、None of above
12、Fill the blanks inside class definition
[cpp] view
plaincopy
class Test
{
public:
____ int a;
____ int b;
public:
Test::Test(int _a , int _b) : a( _a )
{
b = _b;
}
};
int Test::b;
int main(void)
{
Test t1(0 , 0) , t2(1 , 1);
t1.b = 10;
t2.b = 20;
printf("%u %u %u %u",t1.a , t1.b , t2.a , t2.b);
return 0;
}
Running result : 0 20 1 20
A、static/const
B、const/static
C、--/static
D、conststatic/static
E、None of above
13、A 3-order B-tree has 2047 key words,what is the maximum height of the tree?
A、11 B、12 C、13 D、14
解析：m阶B-树的根节点至少有两棵子树，其他除根之外的所有非终端节点至少含有m/2(向上取整)棵子树，即至少含有m/2-1个关键字。根据题意，3阶的B-树若想要达到最大的高度，那么每个节点含有一个关键字，即每个节点含有2棵子树，也就是所谓的完全二叉树了，这样达到的高度是最大的。即含有2047个关键字的完全二叉树的高度是多少，这也是为什么这种题只出3阶的原因吧，就是为了转化成求完全二叉树的深度。很明显求得高度是11，但是由于B-树还有一层所谓的叶子节点，可以看作是外部结点或查找失败的结点，实际上这些结点不存在的，指向这些结点的指针为空。所以不考虑叶子节点信息的时候，最大高度是11，考虑叶子节点信息的时候，最大高度就是12了。
14、In C++,which of the following keyword(s）can be used on both a variable and a function?
A、static B、virtual C、extern D、inline E、const
15、What is the result of the following program?
[cpp] view
plaincopy
char *f(char *str , char ch)
{
char *it1 = str;
char *it2 = str;
while(*it2 != '\0')
{
while(*it2 == ch)
{
it2++;
}
*it1++ = *it2++;
}
return str;
}
int main(void)
{
char *a = new char[10];
strcpy(a , "abcdcccd");
cout<<f(a,'c');
return 0;
}
A、abdcccd
B、abdd
C、abcc
D、abddcccd
E、Access violation
16、Consider the following definition of a recursive function,power,that will perform exponentiation.
[cpp] view
plaincopy
int power(int b , int e)
{
if(e == 0)
return 1;
if(e % 2 == 0)
return power(b*b , e/2);
else
return b * power(b*b , e/2);
}
Asymptotically（渐进地） in terms of the exponent e,the number of calls to power that occur as a result of the call power(b,e) is
A、logarithmic
B、linear
C、quadratic
D、exponential
17、Assume a full deck of cards has 52 cards,2 blacks suits (spade and club) and 2 red suits(diamond and heart). If you are given a full deck,and a half deck(with 1 red suit and 1 black suit),what is the possibility for each one getting 2 red cards if taking
2 cards?
A、1/2 1/2
B、25/102 12/50
C、50/51 24/25
D、25/51 12/25
E、25/51 1/2
18、There is a stack and a sequence of n numbers(i.e. 1,2,3,...,n), Push the n numbers into the stack following the sequence and pop out randomly . How many different sequences of the n numbers we may get? Suppose n is 2 , the output sequence may 1,2 or 2,1,
so wo get 2 different sequences .
A、C_2n^n
B、C_2n^n - C_2n^(n+1)
C、((2n)!)/(n+1)n!n!
D、n!
E、None of above
19、Longest Increasing Subsequence(LIS) means a sequence containing some elements in another sequence by the same order, and the values of elements keeps increasing.
For example, LIS of {2,1,4,2,3,7,4,6} is {1,2,3,4,6}, and its LIS length is 5.
Considering an array with N elements , what is the lowest time and space complexity to get the length of LIS？
A、Time : N^2 , Space : N^2
B、Time : N^2 , Space : N
C、Time : NlogN , Space : N
D、Time : N , Space : N
E、Time : N , Space : C
20、What is the output of the following piece of C++ code ？
[cpp] view
plaincopy
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Item
{
char c;
Item *next;
};
Item *Routine1(Item *x)
{
Item *prev = NULL,
*curr = x;
while(curr)
{
Item *next = curr->next;
curr->next = prev;
prev = curr;
curr = next;
}
return prev;
}
void Routine2(Item *x)
{
Item *curr = x;
while(curr)
{
cout<<curr->c<<" ";
curr = curr->next;
}
}
int main(void)
{
Item *x,
d = {'d' , NULL},
c = {'c' , &d},
b = {'b' , &c},
a = {'a' , &b};
x = Routine1( &a );
Routine2( x );
return 0;
}
A、 c b a d
B、 b a d c
C、 d b c a
D、 a b c d
E、 d c b a
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