关于android中shape的使用

转载自http://blog.csdn.net/qq282133/article/details/7370467

Shape Drawable

这一类的shape定义在xml中

file location:

res/drawable/filename.xml

The filename is used as the resource ID.（这个文件名作为资源id，被当做图片资源使用）compiled resource datatype:（复杂资源的数据类型）Resource pointer to a

GradientDrawable

.resource reference（资源参考）:In Java:

R.drawable.filename

In XML:

@[package:]drawable/filename

syntax:（语法）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape=["rectangle" | "oval" | "line" | "ring"] >
//长方形/矩形  椭圆形  线性   圈/环
<corners
android:radius="integer"
android:topLeftRadius="integer"
android:topRightRadius="integer"
android:bottomLeftRadius="integer"
android:bottomRightRadius="integer" />
<gradient
android:angle="integer"
android:centerX="integer"
android:centerY="integer"
android:centerColor="integer"
android:endColor="color"
android:gradientRadius="integer"
android:startColor="color"
android:type=["linear" | "radial" | "sweep"]
android:useLevel=["true" | "false"] />
<padding
android:left="integer"
android:top="integer"
android:right="integer"
android:bottom="integer" />
<size
android:width="integer"
android:height="integer" />
<solid
android:color="color" />
<stroke
android:width="integer"
android:color="color"
android:dashWidth="integer"
android:dashGap="integer" />
</shape>

元素:

<shape>

The shape drawable. This must be the root element.
attributes:

xmlns:android

String. Required. Defines the XML namespace, which must be

"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

.

android:shape

Keyword. Defines the type of shape. Valid values are:（定义这个类型的形状，变量值是：）

Value	Desciption
"rectangle"	A rectangle （长方形）that fills the containing View. This is the default shape.（这个是默认的形状）
"oval"	An oval （椭圆形）shape that fits the dimensions of the containing View.
"line"	A horizontalline that spans the width of the containing View. This shape requires the <stroke> element to define the width of the line.水平线,需要在stroke中定义线的宽度
"ring"	A ring shape.(环状/圈）

The following attributes are used only when

android:shape="ring"

:

android:innerRadius

Dimension. The radius for the inner part of the ring (the hole in the middle), as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:innerRadiusRatio

Float. The radius for the inner part of the ring, expressed as a ratio of the ring's width. For instance, if

android:innerRadiusRatio="5"

, then the inner radius equals the ring's width divided by 5. This value is overridden by

android:innerRadius

. Default value is 9.

android:thickness

Dimension. The thickness of the ring, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:thicknessRatio

Float. The thickness of the ring, expressed as a ratio of the ring's width. For instance, if

android:thicknessRatio="2"

, then the thickness equals the ring's width divided by 2. This value is overridden by

android:innerRadius

. Default value is 3.

android:useLevel

Boolean. "true" if this is used as a

LevelListDrawable

. This should normally be "false" or your shape may not appear.android:visble Provides initial visibility state of the drawable; the default value is false. [boolean]

<corners>

Creates rounded corners for the shape. Applies only when the shape is a rectangle.创建圆角的形状。仅适用于当其形状是一个长方形。
attributes:

android:radius

Dimension. The radius for all corners, as a dimension value or dimension resource. This is overridden for each corner by the following attributes.

android:topLeftRadius

Dimension. The radius for the top-left corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:topRightRadius

Dimension. The radius for the top-right corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:bottomLeftRadius

Dimension. The radius for the bottom-left corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:bottomRightRadius

Dimension. The radius for the bottom-right corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
Note: Every corner must (initially) be provided a corner radius greater than 1, or else no corners are rounded. If you want specific corners to notbe rounded, a work-around is to use

android:radius

to set a default corner radius greater than 1, but then override each and every corner with the values you really want, providing zero ("0dp") where you don't want rounded corners.

<gradient>

Specifies a gradient color for the shape.指定一个渐变颜色的形状。
attributes:

android:angle

Integer. The angle for the gradient, in degrees. 0 is left to right, 90 is bottom to top. It must be a multiple of 45. Default is 0.

android:centerX

Float. The relative X-position for the center of the gradient (0 - 1.0).

android:centerY

Float. The relative Y-position for the center of the gradient (0 - 1.0).

android:centerColor

Color. Optional color that comes between the start and end colors, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.

android:endColor

Color. The ending color, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.

android:gradientRadius

Float. The radius for the gradient. Only applied when

android:type="radial"

.

android:startColor

Color. The starting color, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.

android:type

Keyword. The type of gradient pattern to apply. Valid values are:

Value	Description
"linear"	A linear gradient. This is the default.
"radial"	A radial gradient. The start color is the center color.
"sweep"	A sweeping line gradient.

android:useLevel

Boolean. "true" if this is used as a

LevelListDrawable

.

<padding>

Padding to apply to the containing View element (this pads the position of the View content, not the shape).适用于包含填充视图元素(这垫的位置,而不是观点内容的形状)
attributes:

android:left

Dimension. Left padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:top

Dimension. Top padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:right

Dimension. Right padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:bottom

Dimension. Bottom padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

<size>

The size of the shape.
attributes:

android:height

Dimension. The height of the shape, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:width

Dimension. The width of the shape, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
Note: The shape scales to the size of the container View proportionate to the dimensions defined here, by default. When you use the shape in an

ImageView

, you can restrict scaling by setting the

android:scaleType

to

"center"

.

<solid>

A solid color to fill the shape.
attributes:

android:color

Color. The color to apply to the shape, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.

<stroke>

A stroke line for the shape.
attributes:

android:width

Dimension. The thickness of the line, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:color

Color. The color of the line, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.

android:dashGap

Dimension. The distance between line dashes, as a dimension value or dimension resource. Only valid if

android:dashWidth

is set.

android:dashWidth

Dimension. The size of each dash line, as a dimension value or dimension resource. Only valid if

android:dashGap

is set.example:XML file saved at

res/drawable/gradient_box.xml

:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"     android:shape="rectangle">     <gradient         android:startColor="#FFFF0000"         android:endColor="#80FF00FF"         android:angle="45"/>     <padding android:left="7dp"         android:top="7dp"         android:right="7dp"         android:bottom="7dp" />     <corners android:radius="8dp" /> </shape>

This layout XML applies the shape drawable to a View:

<TextView     android:background="@drawable/gradient_box"     android:layout_height="wrap_content"     android:layout_width="wrap_content" />

This application code gets the shape drawable and applies it to a View:

Resources res = [code]getResources()

; Drawable shape = res.

getDrawable

(R.drawable.gradient_box); TextView tv = (TextView)findViewByID(R.id.textview); tv.setBackground(shape);[/code]

gradient -- 对应颜色渐变。 startcolor、endcolor就不多说了。 android:angle 是指从哪个角度开始变。
gradient：渐变

android:startColor和android:endColor分别为起始和结束颜色，android:angle是渐变角度，必须为45的整数倍。

另外渐变默认的模式为android:type="linear"，即线性渐变，可以指定渐变为径向渐变，android:type="radial"，径向渐变需要指定半径android:gradientRadius="50"。
solid -- 填充。
solid：实心，就是填充的意思

android:color指定填充的颜色

stroke -- 描边。
stroke：描边

android:width="2dp" 描边的宽度，android:color 描边的颜色。

我们还可以把描边弄成虚线的形式，设置方式为：

android:dashWidth="5dp"

android:dashGap="3dp"

其中android:dashWidth表示'-'这样一个横线的宽度，android:dashGap表示之间隔开的距离。

corners -- 圆角。
corners：圆角

android:radius为角的弧度，值越大角越圆。

我们还可以把四个角设定成不同的角度，方法为：

<corners

android:topRightRadius="20dp" 右上角

android:bottomLeftRadius="20dp" 右下角//这里要特别注意是右下角，不是左下角

android:topLeftRadius="1dp" 左上角

android:bottomRightRadius="0dp" 左下角//这里要特别注意是左下角，不是右下角

/>

padding -- 定义内容离边界的距离。 与android:padding_left、android:padding_right这些是一个道理。
/article/5122005.html

android:angle网上有各种说法，这里，我说说自己的实验结果，渐变的时候，最原始的，即android:angle＝“0”时，是从左到右，按照开始颜色到结束颜色来渲染的，android:angle＝“90”是从上到下来渲染的，android:angle＝“180”是从右到左来渲染的，android:angle＝“360”和android:angle＝“0”是一样的，所以这里应该是这样的，渲染时按照最原始的渲染色板（把控件内部看作一块可以绕中心旋转的板子）围绕控件中心来旋转相应的度数，即android:angle里面的值就是所需要旋转的角度，只是这个旋转角度必须是45的整数倍

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
以下是我测试的列子:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- visable 提供初始可见性状态，默认为false
-->
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:visible="true"
>

<!-- 圆角
bottomLeftRadius 右下角  ，bottomLeftRadius是右下角，而不是左下角，这点要注意
bottomRightRadius 左下角
radius 角的幅度，值越大，角越圆
topLeftRadius 左上角
topRightRadius 右上角
-->
<corners
android:bottomLeftRadius="20dp"
android:bottomRightRadius="2dp"
android:radius="5dp"
android:topLeftRadius="10dp"
android:topRightRadius="10dp" >
</corners>
<!-- 倾斜度，渐变
startColor 开始颜色
centerColor中间颜色
endColor结束颜色
uselevel 值是true/false 为true表示将被用作levelListDrawable（关于此
用来管理一系列轮流交替使用的图片资源，比如电池的电量图标，用不同的图片来显示当前电量等级）
angle 渐变角度(PS：默认为angle=0时，渐变色是从左向右。 然后逆时针方向转，当angle=90时为从下往上
。angle必须为45的整数倍)
type渐变方式，默认为线形渐变,此外还有曲线渐变,放射渐变
centerX  渐变中心X点坐标的相对位置（取值范围0-1.0）
centerY 渐变中心Y点坐标的相对位置（取值范围0-1.0）
gadientRadius 渐变色半径.当 android:type="radial" 放射渐变时才使用。单独使用
android:type="radial"会报错。
-->
<gradient

android:startColor="#DBDCDD"
android:centerColor="#ADADAF"
android:endColor="#B8B9BB"
android:useLevel="false"
android:angle="0"
android:type="radial"
android:centerX="0"
android:centerY="0"
android:gradientRadius="1">
</gradient>
<!--
内部边距，即内容与边的距离 ，
shape内的填充内容距离shape的大小,而不是指shape相对于其他组件的距离 -->
<padding
android:left="2dp"
android:top="2dp"
android:right="2dp" android:bottom="2dp" />
<!-- 描述：size: 大小
属性：
android:width   表示形状的宽度
android:height 表示形状的高度   -->
<size
android:width="100dp"
android:height="80dp">
</size>
<!--  solid：实心，就是填充的意思
android:color指定填充的颜色-->
<solid
android:color="#ff9d77"
>
</solid>
<!-- 描述: stroke:描边  相当于html中的盒子模型的border

属性：
android:width 描边的宽度
android:color 描边的颜色
android:dashWidth 表示描边的样式是虚线的宽度，
值为0时，表示为实线。值大于0则为虚线。
android:dashGap  表示描边为虚线时，虚线之间的间隔 即“ - - - - ”
其中android:dashWidth表示'-'这样一个横线的宽度，android:dashGap表示之间隔开的距离。
-->
<stroke
android:width="20dp"
android:color="#dcdcdc"
android:dashWidth="2dp"
android:dashGap="2dp">
</stroke>

</shape>