Ubuntu Server 12.04 配置Samba .

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Samba是Linux中模拟Ｗindows 文件/打印共享的服务器软件，在Linux / Ｗindows 混合网络环境下是非常有用的。

安装Samba

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo tasksel

选择 [*]Samba file server,按[tab]键跳到<ok>，敲回车。很简单，也可以 $ sudo apt-get install samba，再Ubuntu里没试过，应该也是一样的。

一. 创建共享目录，任何人可读、写、执行

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo mkdir /opt/smbshare

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo chmod 777 /opt/smbshare

devadm@devserver:~$

二. 编辑配置文件

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo vi /etc/samba/smb.conf

1. 找到［global］

workgroup = WORKGROUP

display charset = UTF-8

unix charset = UTF-8

dos charset = cp936

2. 搜寻这一行文字代码:

# security = user

用下面这两行取代

security = user

username map = /etc/samba/smbusers

3. 在最后一行添加：

[devshare]

comment = Shared Folder with username and password

path = /opt/smbshare

public = yes

writable = yes

valid users = dev

create mask = 0777

directory mask = 0777

force user = nobody

force group = nogroup

available = yes

browseable = yes

退出保存。

三. samba用户

1. 创建用户dev

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo useradd dev

2. 给dev分配smb密码，注意，这个不是本机登录密码，本机登录密码没有设定。

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo smbpasswd -a dev

New SMB password:

Retype new SMB password:

devadm@devserver:~$

3. 编辑/etc/samba/smbusers

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo vi /etc/samba/smbusers

添加下行：

dev = "Samba user."

退出保存。

如果防火墙UFW enable 了，则需要允许samba端口。

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo ufw allow 139/tcp

Rules updated

Rules updated (v6)

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo ufw allow 445/tcp

Rules updated

Rules updated (v6)

四. 测试samba服务器

1. 重启smbd

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo service smbd restart

smbd start/running, process 9873

devadm@devserver:~$

2. 服务器端测试：

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo testparm

Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf

rlimit_max: increasing rlimit_max (1024) to minimum Windows limit (16384)

Processing section "[printers]"

Processing section "[print$]"

Processing section "[devshare]"

Loaded services file OK.

Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE

Press enter to see a dump of your service definitions 【enter】

[global]

dos charset = cp936

display charset = UTF-8

server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)

map to guest = Bad User

obey pam restrictions = Yes

pam password change = Yes

passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u

passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .

username map = /etc/samba/smbusers

unix password sync = Yes

syslog = 0

log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m

max log size = 1000

dns proxy = No

usershare allow guests = Yes

panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d

[printers]

comment = All Printers

path = /var/spool/samba

create mask = 0700

printable = Yes

browseable = No

[print$]

comment = Printer Drivers

path = /var/lib/samba/printers

browseable = No

[devshare]

comment = Shared Folder for DEV

path = /opt/smbshare

valid users = dev

force user = nobody

force group = nogroup

read only = No

create mask = 0777

directory mask = 0777

guest ok = Yes

devadm@devserver:~$

查看samba服务器状态

devadm@devserver:~$ smbstatus

Samba version 3.5.11

PID Username Group Machine

-------------------------------------------------------------------

Service pid machine Connected at

-------------------------------------------------------

No locked files

3. 从另一台电脑，用smbclient（类似ftp客户端）打开samba共享：

gt@gt-Dell:~/Documents$ smbclient //devserver/devshare -U=dev

Enter dev's password:

Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.5.11]

smb: \>

smb: \> help

? allinfo altname archive blocksize

cancel case_sensitive cd chmod chown

close del dir du echo

exit get getfacl hardlink help

history iosize lcd link lock

lowercase ls l mask md

mget mkdir more mput newer

open posix posix_encrypt posix_open posix_mkdir

posix_rmdir posix_unlink print prompt put

pwd q queue quit readlink

rd recurse reget rename reput

rm rmdir showacls setmode stat

symlink tar tarmode translate unlock

volume vuid wdel logon listconnect

showconnect .. !

smb: \>

smb: \> ls

. D 0 Sun Jan 29 16:12:45 2012

.. D 0 Sun Jan 29 12:34:37 2012

33888 blocks of size 4194304. 31870 blocks available

smb: \>

smb: \> put bookmarks.html

putting file bookmarks.html as \bookmarks.html (5480.1 kb/s) (average 5480.2 kb/s)

smb: \> ls

. D 0 Sun Jan 29 16:13:38 2012

.. D 0 Sun Jan 29 12:34:37 2012

bookmarks.html A 22447 Sun Jan 29 16:13:38 2012

33888 blocks of size 4194304. 31870 blocks available

smb: \>

smb: \> q

gt@gt-Dell:~/Documents$

4. 回到服务器，看看刚才上传的文件：

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo ls -l /opt/smbshare

total 24

-rwxrw-rw- 1 nobody nogroup 22447 2012-01-29 16:13 bookmarks.html

devadm@devserver:~$

如果希望网络用户以“只读/可执行”方式访问，则：

devadm@devserver:~$ sudo chmod 755 /opt/nfsshare -R

另外修改/etc/samba/smb.conf

在[devshare]段内

writable = yes 改为no

这时候在客户端上传文件就会提示错误：

smb: \> put firefox_addons.txt

NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED opening remote file \firefox_addons.txt

smb: \>

但是下载文件是可以的：

smb: \> get bookmarks.html

getting file \bookmarks.html of size 22447 as bookmarks.html (1217.8 KiloBytes/sec) (average 1217.8 KiloBytes/sec)

smb: \>