【DataGuard安装】物理DataGuard RAC to Instance,异步配双standby

物理DataGuard RAC to Instance,异步配双standby

1.     
规划：

参数	源端	目标端1	目标端2
Hostname	Rac1	Rac2	dgdb	Dgdb2
db_name db_unique_name instance_name service_names	e7rac e7rac e7rac1 e7rac	e7rac e7rac e7rac2 e7rac	e7rac e7dg1 e7dg1 e7rac1	e7rac e7dg2 e7dg1 e7rac1
ip	192.168.33.172	192.168.33.173	192.168.33.181	192.168.33.184
VIP	192.168.33.176	192.168.33.180

 

先做dgdb，完了再增加一个dgdb2

1.      第一台配置

1.     
查看是否安装了DataGuard

SQL> select * from V$option where parameter = 'Oracle Data Guard';

2.     
修改Hosts

源端rac1、rac2:

增加：

192.168.33.181   dgdb

目标端：dgdb：

增加：

192.168.33.176   rac1-vip

192.168.33.180   rac2-vip

3.     
修改tnsnames.ora

源端rac1、rac2:

E7dg1 =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dgdb)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME = e7dg1)

    )

  )

 

目标端：dgdb：

E7RAC=

 (DESCRIPTION=

   (LOAD_BALANCE=on)

   (FAILOVER=on)

   (ADDRESS_LIST=

     (SOURCE_ROUTE=yes)

        (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.33.176)(PORT=1521))

        )

 (ADDRESS_LIST=

     (SOURCE_ROUTE=yes)

        (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.33.180)(PORT=1521))

        )

   (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=E7RAC)))

4.     
源库强制归档

SQL> alter database force logging;

5.     
参数修改

源库：e7rac

SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(e7rac,e7dg1)' scope=both;

SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=

'LOCATION=+FRA/E7RAC/ARCHIVELOG/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)

DB_UNIQUE_NAME=e7rac' scope=both sid='*';

SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=e7dg1 LGWR AFFIRM

VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=e7dg1' scope=both;

 

SQL> alter system set log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc' scope=spfile;

SQL> alter system set log_archive_max_processes=4 scope=both sid='*';

SQL> alter system set standby_file_management=AUTO scope=both;

 

下面参数在官方文档的参数介绍时，主库无要求：

SQL> alter system set DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=

'+DATA/E7RAC/DATAFILE/','/oradata/e7dg1/datafile/' scope=spfile;

SQL> alter system set LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=

'+DATA/E7RAC/ONLINELOG/','/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog' scope=spfile;





 

重启源库

rac1->srvctl stop database -d e7rac -o immediate;

rac1->srvctl start database -d e7rac

6.     
源库建立standby redolog

查看每个实例的最大日志数据

SQL> select inst_id,count(1),max(bytes) from gv$log group by inst_id;

 

   INST_ID   COUNT(1) MAX(BYTES)

---------- ---------- ----------

         1          4   52428800

         2          4   52428800

每个实例有4组log最大50M，每个实例需要建立count+1个strandby日志大小为最大日志大小也就是10组50M大小的standby日志

ASMCMD> pwd

+DATA/E7RAC

ASMCMD> mkdir STANDBYLOG

 

SQL> alter system set standby_file_management=manual scope=both sid='*';

 

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 9

'+DATA/E7RAC/STANDBYLOG/standby01.log' size 52428800;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 10

'+DATA/E7RAC/STANDBYLOG/standby02.log' size 52428800;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 11

'+DATA/E7RAC/STANDBYLOG/standby03.log' size 52428800;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 12

'+DATA/E7RAC/STANDBYLOG/standby04.log' size 52428800;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 13

'+DATA/E7RAC/STANDBYLOG/standby05.log' size 52428800;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 14

'+DATA/E7RAC/STANDBYLOG/standby06.log' size 52428800;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 15

'+DATA/E7RAC/STANDBYLOG/standby07.log' size 52428800;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 16

'+DATA/E7RAC/STANDBYLOG/standby08.log' size 52428800;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 17

'+DATA/E7RAC/STANDBYLOG/standby09.log' size 52428800;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 18

'+DATA/E7RAC/STANDBYLOG/standby10.log' size 52428800;

 

7.     
源库rman备份整个库：

rac1->rman target /

run

{

         sql "alter system switch logfile";

         allocate channel ch1 type disk format

         '/backup/dg_back_%U';

         backup incremental level 0 database ;

         backup current controlfile for standby;

         sql "alter system archive log current";

}

拷贝备份到到目标库相同目录下。

 

8.     
创建standby的pfile文件

源库：e7rac

SQL> create pfile='/backup/inite7dg1.ora' from spfile;进行修改，做为standby的参数文件

进行修改，如下：

有关路径的参数，一定要注意大小写：

*.sga_max_size=804m

*.audit_file_dest='/oradata/e7dg1/admin/adump/'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'

*.control_files='/oradata/e7dg1/controlfile/current1.ctl','/oradata/e7dg1/controlfile/current2.ctl'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_create_file_dest='/oradata/e7dg1/datafile/'

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_name_convert='+DATA/e7drac/DATAFILE/','/oradata/e7dg1/datafile/'

*.db_name='e7rac'

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=e7dg1

*.fal_server='e7rac'

*.diagnostic_dest='/apps/oracle'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=e7dg1XDB)'

*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(e7rac,e7dg1)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/backup/e7dg1/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=e7dg1'

*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=e7rac LGWR AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=e7rac'

*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'

*.log_archive_max_processes=4

*.log_file_name_convert='+DATA/e7rac/ONLINELOG/','/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/'

#*.memory_target=842006528

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'

*.standby_file_management='AUTO'

undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

 

拷贝该pfile到standby

 

9.     
创建standby数据库

方法一：

源端库：

 

rac1->rman target / auxiliary sys/tanqingru@e7dg1

RMAN>
duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck;

 

上面方法第一次失败，未及时找出原因，后来发现是参数大小写错误，本次采用下面方法恢复，下面的命令可以用SQL命令生成，减少工作量：

方法二：

目录库：

Sql下恢复redo

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/onlinelog/group_2.262.804695039' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/group_2.262.804695039';

alter database rename file  '+FRA/e7rac/onlinelog/group_2.258.804695045' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/group_2.258.804695045';

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/onlinelog/group_1.261.804695021' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/group_1.261.804695021';

alter database rename file  '+FRA/e7rac/onlinelog/group_1.257.804695029' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/group_1.257.804695029';

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/onlinelog/group_3.265.804697845' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/group_3.265.804697845';

alter database rename file  '+FRA/e7rac/onlinelog/group_3.259.804697851' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/group_3.259.804697851';

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/onlinelog/group_4.266.804697855' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/group_4.266.804697855';

alter database rename file  '+FRA/e7rac/onlinelog/group_4.260.804697861' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/group_4.260.804697861';

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/standbylog/standby01.log' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/standby01.log';

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/standbylog/standby02.log' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/standby02.log';

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/standbylog/standby03.log' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/standby03.log';

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/standbylog/standby04.log' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/standby04.log';

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/standbylog/standby05.log' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/standby05.log';

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/standbylog/standby06.log' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/standby06.log';

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/standbylog/standby07.log' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/standby07.log';

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/standbylog/standby08.log' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/standby08.log';

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/standbylog/standby09.log' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/standby09.log';

alter database rename file  '+DATA/e7rac/standbylog/standby10.log' to '/oradata/e7dg1/onlinelog/standby10.log';

 

rman恢复data files和 archive logs

rman target /

run {

set newname for datafile '+DATA/e7rac/datafile/users.259.804692315' to '/oradata/e7dg1/datafile/users.259.804692315';

set newname for datafile '+DATA/e7rac/datafile/undotbs1.258.804692313' to '/oradata/e7dg1/datafile/undotbs1.258.804692313';

set newname for datafile '+DATA/e7rac/datafile/sysaux.257.804692309' to '/oradata/e7dg1/datafile/sysaux.257.804692309';

set newname for datafile '+DATA/e7rac/datafile/system.256.804692297' to '/oradata/e7dg1/datafile/system.256.804692297';

set newname for datafile '+DATA/e7rac/datafile/undotbs2.264.804696469' to '/oradata/e7dg1/datafile/undotbs2.264.804696469';

restore database;

SWITCH DATAFILE ALL; 

recover database;

}

 

 

 

run {

SET ARCHIVELOG DESTINATION TO '/backup/e7dg1/';

RESTORE ARCHIVELOG ALL;

}

10.源库设置最大可用

SQL> alter database set standby database to maximize availability;

11.启动日志应用

目标库

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

 

Database altered.

 

12.测试

SQL> create table testan as select * from dba_objects;

SQL> select count(*) from testan;

 

  COUNT(*)

----------

     74604

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

 

System altered.

SQL> select sequence#,first_time,next_time

  2     from V$archived_log order by sequence#;

……

       34 16-JAN-13 16-JAN-13

        34 16-JAN-13 16-JAN-13

        35 16-JAN-13 16-JAN-13

        35 16-JAN-13 16-JAN-13

Standby库：

[root@dgdb e7dg1]# pwd

/backup/e7dg1

[root@dgdb e7dg1]# ll

total 56776

……

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  9985536 Jan 16 16:06 2_22_804695018.arc

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   218624 Jan 16 16:12 2_23_804695018.arc

SQL> select sequence#,first_time,next_time

  2     from V$archived_log order by sequence#;

……

 

        33 16-JAN-13 16-JAN-13

        34 16-JAN-13 16-JAN-13

        35 16-JAN-13 16-JAN-13

主库做alter system switch logfile;，备库再看更新。

查看归档是否都被应用：

SQL> select sequence#,applied from V$archived_log

  2    order by sequence#;

 

……

        30 YES

        31 YES

        32 YES

        33 YES

        34 NO

        35 NO

        36 NO

可以看到有3个还没应用。等待一会后发现都已经应用

35 YES

        36 NO

。。。

                  

 

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> startup mount;

SQL> alter database open read only;

SQL> select count(*) from testan;

 

  COUNT(*)

----------

     74604

2.      增加一个standby配置

1.     
参数修改

源库：e7rac

SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(e7rac,e7dg1,e7dg2)' scope=both;

SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3='SERVICE=e7dg2 LGWR AFFIRM

VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=e7dg2' scope=both;

 

SQL> alter system set standby_file_management=AUTO scope=both;

 

Standby库：dgdb2

下面参数中有关路径一定要注意大小写，正确路径大小写源自数据字典，如：select file_name from dba_data_files;

 

*.sga_max_size=804m

*.audit_file_dest='/oradata/e7dg2/admin/adump/'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'

*.control_files='/oradata/e7dg2/controlfile/current1.ctl','/oradata/e7dg2/controlfile/current2.ctl'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_create_file_dest='/oradata/e7dg2/datafile/'

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_name_convert='+DATA/e7rac/datafile/','/oradata/e7dg2/datafile/'

*.db_file_name_convert='+DATA/e7rac/tempfile/','/oradata/e7dg2/datafile/'

*.db_name='e7rac'

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=e7dg2

*.fal_server='e7rac'

*.diagnostic_dest='/apps/oracle/'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=e7dg2XDB)'

*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(e7rac,e7dg1,e7dg2)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/backup/e7dg2/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=e7dg2'

*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=e7rac LGWR AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=e7rac'

*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'

*.log_archive_max_processes=4

*.log_file_name_convert='+DATA/e7rac/ONLINELOG/','/oradata/e7dg2/onlinelog/'

*.log_file_name_convert='+FRA/e7rac/onlinelog/','/oradata/e7dg2/onlinelog/'

*.log_file_name_convert='+DATA/e7rac/standbylog/','/oradata/e7dg2/onlinelog/'

#*.memory_target=842006528

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'

*.standby_file_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

2.     
修改hosts

源端rac1、rac2:

增加：

192.168.33.184   dgdb2

目标端：dgdb2：

增加：

192.168.33.176   rac1-vip

192.168.33.180   rac2-vip

3.     
修改tnsnames.ora

 

源端rac1、rac2:

e7dg2 =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dgdb2)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME = e7dg2)

    )

  )

 

目标端：dgdb2：

E7RAC=

 (DESCRIPTION=

   (LOAD_BALANCE=on)

   (FAILOVER=on)

   (ADDRESS_LIST=

     (SOURCE_ROUTE=yes)

        (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.33.176)(PORT=1521))

        )

 (ADDRESS_LIST=

     (SOURCE_ROUTE=yes)

        (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.33.180)(PORT=1521))

        )

   (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=E7RAC)))

 

 

4.     
创建standby2数据库

将1上的备份拷贝到dgdb2上相同的位置,

将e7dg2启动到nomount,并且生成spfile文件

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

在源端rac1上执行：

rac1->rman target / auxiliary sys/tanqingru@e7dg2

RMAN>
duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck;

5.     
启动日志应用

目标库

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

 

Database altered.

 

6.     
测试

测试类似于第一台的配置。

检查接收redo是否被应用：

SQL>SELECT SEQUENCE#,APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG  ORDER BY SEQUENCE#;

 

38 YES

        39 IN-MEMORY

        40 NO

        41 NO

SQL>/

-------- ---------

        47 YES

        48 NO