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14_struts1.x概述

2013-01-06 14:51 190 查看
14.1 Struts简介

14.1.1 Struts概述

14.1.2 MVC概述

14.2 第一个struts1.x实例

14.2.1 添加struts特性

项目上右键——MyEclipse——Add Struts。。——修改默认package

添加之后的web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="3.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <display-name />

<!-- struts1 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>3</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>detail</param-name>
<param-value>3</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!-- welcome -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>


14.2.2 创建HelloAction

New--Other--Struts1.2Form,Action&JSP

14.2.3 完成HelloAction

HelloAction.java

/*
* Generated by MyEclipse Struts
* Template path: templates/java/JavaClass.vtl
*/
package com.uikoo9.struts.action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import com.uikoo9.struts.form.HelloForm;

/**
* MyEclipse Struts
* Creation date: 01-06-2013
*
* XDoclet definition:
* @struts.action path="/hello" name="helloForm" input="/form/hello.jsp" scope="request" validate="true"
* @struts.action-forward name="success" path="/form/helloSuccess.jsp"
*/
public class HelloAction extends Action {
/*
* Generated Methods
*/

/**
* Method execute
* @param mapping
* @param form
* @param request
* @param response
* @return ActionForward
*/
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
HelloForm helloForm = (HelloForm) form;// TODO Auto-generated method stub

if(helloForm.getName() == null || helloForm.getName().trim().length() == 0){
return mapping.getInputForward();
}

return mapping.findForward("success");
}
}


14.2.4 添加输入也JSP

struts-config.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>
<data-sources />
<form-beans >
<form-bean name="helloForm" type="com.uikoo9.struts.form.HelloForm" />
</form-beans>

<global-exceptions />
<global-forwards />
<action-mappings >
<action
attribute="helloForm"
input="/form/hello.jsp"
name="helloForm"
path="/hello"
scope="request"
type="com.uikoo9.struts.action.HelloAction">
<set-property property="cancellable" value="true" />
<forward name="success" path="/form/helloSuccess.jsp" />
</action>
</action-mappings>

<message-resources parameter="com.uikoo9.struts.ApplicationResources" />
</struts-config>


hello.jsp

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean" prefix="bean"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html" prefix="html"%>

<html>
<head>
<title>JSP for HelloForm form</title>
</head>
<body>
<html:form action="/hello">
name : <html:text property="name"/><html:errors property="name"/><br/>
<html:submit/><html:cancel/>
</html:form>
</body>
</html>


14.2.5 添加输出页

helloSuccess.jsp

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean" prefix="bean"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html" prefix="html"%>

<html>
<head>
<title>JSP for HelloForm form</title>
</head>
<body>
Hello,${ helloForm.name }. Welcome to struts world.
</body>
</html>


14.3 Struts工作流程

hello.jsp-->hello.do-->struts-config.xml-->HelloAction-->helloSuccess.jsp

14.4 Struts配置文件

14.4.1 Struts配置文件详解

14.4.2 多个struts-config.xml

在web.xml中struts-config.xml的后边加上其他配置文件即可，中间用逗号隔开

例如：

<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml,/WEB-INF/struts-config2.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>


14.4.3 配置命名空间

如下：

<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 访问hello.do的时候会使用struts-config.xml -->
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 访问namespace1/hello.do的时候会使用 struts-config1.xml -->
<init-param>
<param-name>config/namespace1</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config1.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>


14.5 Form Bean实例：提交用户信息

14.5.1 用户信息对应的Form Bean

HelloForm.java

/*
* Generated by MyEclipse Struts
* Template path: templates/java/JavaClass.vtl
*/
package com.uikoo9.struts.form;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

/**
* MyEclipse Struts
* Creation date: 01-06-2013
*
* XDoclet definition:
* @struts.form name="helloForm"
*/
public class HelloForm extends ActionForm {
/*
* Generated fields
*/

/** name property */
private String name;

/*
* Generated Methods
*/

/**
* Returns the name.
* @return String
*/
public String getName() {
return name;
}

/**
* Set the name.
* @param name The name to set
*/
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}


14.5.2 用户信息输入页面

见hello.jsp和helloSuccess.jsp

14.5.3 用户信息校验

在HelloForm中的validate方法中实现

public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping,
HttpServletRequest request) {
ActionErrors error = new ActionErrors();

if(name == null || name.trim().length() == 0){
error.add("name", new ActionMessage("hello.error.name"));
}

return error;
}


其中hello.error.name为国际化的资源文件ApplicationResources.properties中的信息

# Resources for parameter 'com.uikoo9.struts.ApplicationResources'
# Project struts

hello.error.name = \u8BF7\u8F93\u5165\u59D3\u540D


14.5.4 Form Bean中使用Person实体类

14.6 Action的配置

14.6.1 Action与ActionForward配置

14.6.2 把JSP配置为Action

在struts-config.xml中配置如下信息即可通过login.do访问login.jsp

<action path="/login" forward="/form/login.jsp"></action>

14.7 Action实例：保存用户信息到数据库

14.8 Struts1.x的线程安全

14.8.1 Action是线程不安全的

将Action的属性设置为final可以避免

14.8.2 Form Bean是线程安全的

14.9 本章总结
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