oracle查询区分大小写

转载地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/fangwenyu/archive/2010/04/14/1711969.html

ORACLE默认所存的值是取分大小写的，但有些需求想忽略大小写，今天就浅谈一下nls_sort ,nls_comp实现查询忽略大小写查询

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anbob@ORCL> select * from testci ;   
  
        ID NAME                 REMARK   
---------- -------------------- --------------------
  
         1 a                    lower code   
         1 A                    upper code   
  
anbob@ORCL> select * from testci where name='a';
  
  
        ID NAME                 REMARK   
---------- -------------------- --------------------
  
         1 a                    lower code   
  
anbob@ORCL> select * from  v$nls_parameters where parameter ='NLS_SORT';   
  
PARAMETER                         VALUE   
-------------------------------- ----------------
  
NLS_SORT                          BINARY  
  
anbob@ORCL> ALTER SESSION SET NLS_SORT='BINARY_CI';   
  
Session altered.   
  
anbob@ORCL> select * from testci where name='a';
  
  
        ID NAME                 REMARK   
---------- -------------------- --------------------
  
         1 a                    lower code   
  
anbob@ORCL> select * from  v$nls_parameters where parameter ='NLS_COMP';   
  
PARAMETER                         VALUE   
---------------------------------- ------------------
  
NLS_COMP                          BINARY  
  
anbob@ORCL> ALTER SESSION SET NLS_COMP=LINGUISTIC;   
  
Session altered.   
  
anbob@ORCL> select * from testci where name='a';
  
  
        ID NAME                 REMARK   
---------- -------------------- --------------------
  
         1 a                    lower code   
         1 A                    upper code  

anbob@ORCL> select * from testci ;

ID NAME                 REMARK
---------- -------------------- --------------------
1 a                    lower code
1 A                    upper code

anbob@ORCL> select * from testci where name='a';

ID NAME                 REMARK
---------- -------------------- --------------------
1 a                    lower code

anbob@ORCL> select * from  v$nls_parameters where parameter ='NLS_SORT';

PARAMETER                         VALUE
-------------------------------- ----------------
NLS_SORT                          BINARY

anbob@ORCL> ALTER SESSION SET NLS_SORT='BINARY_CI';

Session altered.

anbob@ORCL> select * from testci where name='a';

ID NAME                 REMARK
---------- -------------------- --------------------
1 a                    lower code

anbob@ORCL> select * from  v$nls_parameters where parameter ='NLS_COMP';

PARAMETER                         VALUE
---------------------------------- ------------------
NLS_COMP                          BINARY

anbob@ORCL> ALTER SESSION SET NLS_COMP=LINGUISTIC;

Session altered.

anbob@ORCL> select * from testci where name='a';

ID NAME                 REMARK
---------- -------------------- --------------------
1 a                    lower code
1 A                    upper code

NLS_COMP:

确定数据库中值的比较，10G中增加了LINGUISTIC，根据nls_sort参数指定进行比较，用来取代ansi,但ANSI为了向后兼容保留，还有一个值是BINARY根据字符的二进制值比较也是默认值，总共三个值

note:To improve the performance, you can also define a linguistic index on the column for which you want linguistic comparisons.

nls_sort:

指定order by 的查询顺序，If the value is BINARY, then the collating sequence for ORDER BY queries is based on the numeric value of characters.

note: If the value is a named linguistic sort, sorting is based on the order of the defined linguistic sort. Most (but not all) languages supported by the NLS_LANGUAGE parameter also support a linguistic sort with the same name.

值非常多，可以通过V$NLS_VALID_VALUES where parameter=’SORT’ 查询

不过修改任何参数都要考虑性能问题

Setting NLS_SORT to anything other than BINARY causes a sort to use a full table scan, regardless of the path chosen by the optimizer. BINARY is the exception because indexes are built according to a binary order of keys. Thus the optimizer can use an index
to satisfy the ORDER BY clause when NLS_SORT is set to BINARY. If NLS_SORT is set to any linguistic sort, the optimizer must include a full table scan and a full sort in the execution plan.

因篇幅原因 就说这些，其实与这两个参数相关的还有很多…