Android C2DM学习——云端推送

一．基础知识

当我们开发需要和服务器交互的应用程序时，基本上都需要获取服务器端的数据，比如《地震及时通》就需要及时获取服务器上最新的地震信息。要获取服务器上不定时更新的信息一般来说有两种方法，第一种是客户端使用Pull（拉）的方式，隔一段时间就去服务器上获取信息，看是否有更新的信息出现。第二种就是服务器使用Push（推送）的方式，当服务器端有新信息了，则把最新的信息Push到客户端上。

虽然Pull和Push两种方式都能实现获取服务器端更新信息的功能，但是明显来说Push is better than pull。因为Pull方式更费客户端的网络流量，更主要的是费电量。

Android从2.2版本开始增加了Cloud to Device Messaging（C2DM）框架，在系统中支持了Push功能，基于Android平台使用Push功能更加简单了。虽然C2DM目前还处在实验室阶段，不过小规模的使用应该没问题

下面我们就来体验一下Android的C2DM功能。

二．C2DM框架

使用Android的C2DM功能有几个要求：

1. 需要Android2.2及以上的系统版本。

2. 使用C2DM功能的Android设备上需要设置好Google的账户。

3. 需要在这里注册使用C2DM功能的用户邮箱账号（最好为C2DM单独注册一个Gmail邮箱账号）。

我们接下来C2DM的一个完整过程，这里借用一下Google官方推出的Chrome To Phone过程图来说明下。



图1 C2DM操作过程图

要使用C2DM来进行Push操作，基本上要使用以下6个步骤：

（1）注册：Android设备把使用C2DM功能的用户账户（比如android.c2dm.demo@gmail.com）和App名称发送给C2DM服务器。

（2）C2DM服务器会返回一个registration_id值给Android设备，设备需要保存这个registration_id值。

（3）Android设备把获得的registration_id和C2DM功能的用户账户（android.c2dm.demo@gmail.com）发送给自己的服务器，不过一般用户账户信息因为和服务器确定好的，所以不必发送。

这样Android设备就完成了C2DM功能的注册过程，接下来就可以接收C2DM服务器Push过来的消息了。

（4）服务器获得数据。这里图中的例子Chrome To Phone，服务器接收到Chrome浏览器发送的数据。数据也可以是服务器本地产生的。这里的服务器是Google AppEngine（很好的一项服务，可惜在国内被屏了），要换成自己的服务器。服务器还要获取注册使用C2DM功能的用户账户（android.c2dm.demo@gmail.com）的ClientLogin权限Auth。

（5）服务器把要发送的数据和registration_id一起，并且头部带上获取的Auth，使用POST的方式发送给C2DM服务器。

（6）C2DM服务器会以Push的方式把数据发送给对应的Android设备，Android设备只要在程序中按之前和服务器商量好的格式从对应的key中获取数据即可。

这样我们就大概明白了C2DM的工作流程，下面我们就结合一个实例来具体的说明以上6个步骤。

三．实例开发

我们要创建的程序名称为AndroidC2DMDemo，包名为com.ichliebephone.c2dm。

开始之前我们先去C2DM网页上注册一下使用C2DM功能的用户账户。



图2 应用程序名

其中应用程序名要填写带包名的完整名称，比如这里为om.ichliebephone.c2dm. AndroidC2DMDemo。



图3 C2DM用户账户注册

这里的contact邮箱使用一个你能接收到邮件的邮箱即可，下面的Role（sender）account邮箱最好单独注册一个Gmail邮箱来使用C2DM服务。我们这里使用的是专门注册的android.c2dm.deno@gmail.com邮箱。

提交后，过一段时间就会收到Google发送过来的确认邮件，然后你就可以使用C2DM的Push服务了。

介绍了这么多，我们先来快速完成一个实例，只完成Android设备端的注册部分，不包含向服务器发送registration_id和服务器向C2DM服务器发送数据的具体代码，这部分只是用Ubuntu下的curl命令来模拟，主要是快速亲自体验一下Push的结果。

创建一个Android工程AndroidC2DMDemo，并且包含进Google的开源例子Chrome To Phone中的c2dm包com.google.android.c2dm，包中包含三个Java类，分别为：

第一个类为C2DMBaseReceiver：

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/*

* Copyright 2010 Google Inc.

*

* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

* You may obtain a copy of the License at

*

* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*

* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

* limitations under the License.

*/

package com.google.android.c2dm;

import java.io.IOException;

import android.app.AlarmManager;

import android.app.IntentService;

import android.app.PendingIntent;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.PowerManager;

import android.util.Log;

/**

* Base class for C2D message receiver. Includes constants for the

* strings used in the protocol.

*/

/**

* 接收和处理C2DM消息的基类

* */

public abstract class C2DMBaseReceiver extends IntentService {

//和C2DM Push的Intent内容相关

//重新向C2DM服务器注册

private static final String C2DM_RETRY = "com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RETRY";

//向C2DM服务器注册后的回调处理

public static final String REGISTRATION_CALLBACK_INTENT = "com.google.android.c2dm.intent.REGISTRATION";

//接收到C2DM服务器的推送消息

private static final String C2DM_INTENT = "com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE";

// Logging tag

private static final String TAG = "C2DM";

// Extras in the registration callback intents.

//向C2DM注册返回的intent中包含的key

public static final String EXTRA_UNREGISTERED = "unregistered";

public static final String EXTRA_ERROR = "error";

public static final String EXTRA_REGISTRATION_ID = "registration_id";

//向C2DM注册出错的原因

public static final String ERR_SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE = "SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE";

public static final String ERR_ACCOUNT_MISSING = "ACCOUNT_MISSING";

public static final String ERR_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED = "AUTHENTICATION_FAILED";

public static final String ERR_TOO_MANY_REGISTRATIONS = "TOO_MANY_REGISTRATIONS";

public static final String ERR_INVALID_PARAMETERS = "INVALID_PARAMETERS";

public static final String ERR_INVALID_SENDER = "INVALID_SENDER";

public static final String ERR_PHONE_REGISTRATION_ERROR = "PHONE_REGISTRATION_ERROR";

// wakelock

private static final String WAKELOCK_KEY = "C2DM_LIB";

private static PowerManager.WakeLock mWakeLock;

private final String senderId;

/**

* The C2DMReceiver class must create a no-arg constructor and pass the

* sender id to be used for registration.

*/

public C2DMBaseReceiver(String senderId) {

// senderId is used as base name for threads, etc.

super(senderId);

this.senderId = senderId;

}

//下面几个是接收到C2DM Push过来的信息后的回调函数，都可以在继承的子类中处理

/**

* Called when a cloud message has been received.

*/

/**

* 接收到C2DM服务器Push的消息后的回调函数，需要在继承的子类中处理

* */

protected abstract void onMessage(Context context, Intent intent);

/**

* Called on registration error. Override to provide better

* error messages.

*

* This is called in the context of a Service - no dialog or UI.

*/

/**

* 出错的回调函数

* */

public abstract void onError(Context context, String errorId);

/**

* Called when a registration token has been received.

*/

/**

* 注册后的回调函数

* */

public void onRegistered(Context context, String registrationId) throws IOException {

// registrationId will also be saved

}

/**

* Called when the device has been unregistered.

*/

/**

* 取消注册的回调函数

* */

public void onUnregistered(Context context) {

}

//IntentService的方法

@Override

public final void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {

try {

Context context = getApplicationContext();

if (intent.getAction().equals(REGISTRATION_CALLBACK_INTENT)) {

handleRegistration(context, intent);//处理注册后的回调

} else if (intent.getAction().equals(C2DM_INTENT)) {

onMessage(context, intent);//处理C2DM Push消息的回调

} else if (intent.getAction().equals(C2DM_RETRY)) {

C2DMessaging.register(context, senderId); //重新注册

}

} finally {

// Release the power lock, so phone can get back to sleep.

// The lock is reference counted by default, so multiple

// messages are ok.

// If the onMessage() needs to spawn a thread or do something else,

// it should use it's own lock.

mWakeLock.release();

}

}

/**

* Called from the broadcast receiver.

* Will process the received intent, call handleMessage(), registered(), etc.

* in background threads, with a wake lock, while keeping the service

* alive.

*/

static void runIntentInService(Context context, Intent intent) {

if (mWakeLock == null) {

// This is called from BroadcastReceiver, there is no init.

PowerManager pm =

(PowerManager) context.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);

mWakeLock = pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK,

WAKELOCK_KEY);

}

mWakeLock.acquire();

// Use a naming convention, similar with how permissions and intents are

// used. Alternatives are introspection or an ugly use of statics.

String receiver = context.getPackageName() + ".C2DMReceiver";

intent.setClassName(context, receiver);

context.startService(intent);

}

//处理注册后的回调

private void handleRegistration(final Context context, Intent intent) {

final String registrationId = intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_REGISTRATION_ID);

String error = intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_ERROR);

String removed = intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_UNREGISTERED);

Log.v(TAG, "handleRegistration");

//打印出接收到的registraton_id

Log.v(TAG, "dmControl: registrationId = " + registrationId +

", error = " + error + ", removed = " + removed);

if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.DEBUG)) {

Log.d(TAG, "dmControl: registrationId = " + registrationId +

", error = " + error + ", removed = " + removed);

}

if (removed != null) {

// Remember we are unregistered

C2DMessaging.clearRegistrationId(context);

onUnregistered(context);

return;

} else if (error != null) {

// we are not registered, can try again

C2DMessaging.clearRegistrationId(context);

// Registration failed

Log.e(TAG, "Registration error " + error);

onError(context, error);

if ("SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE".equals(error)) {

long backoffTimeMs = C2DMessaging.getBackoff(context);

Log.d(TAG, "Scheduling registration retry, backoff = " + backoffTimeMs);

Intent retryIntent = new Intent(C2DM_RETRY);

PendingIntent retryPIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context,

0 /*requestCode*/, retryIntent, 0 /*flags*/);

AlarmManager am = (AlarmManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);

am.set(AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME,

backoffTimeMs, retryPIntent);

// Next retry should wait longer.

backoffTimeMs *= 2;

C2DMessaging.setBackoff(context, backoffTimeMs);

}

} else {

try {

onRegistered(context, registrationId);

C2DMessaging.setRegistrationId(context, registrationId);

} catch (IOException ex) {

Log.e(TAG, "Registration error " + ex.getMessage());

}

}

}

}

第二个类为C2DMBroadcastReceiver：

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/*

*/

package com.google.android.c2dm;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.Intent;

/**

* Helper class to handle BroadcastReciver behavior.

* - can only run for a limited amount of time - it must start a real service

* for longer activity

* - must get the power lock, must make sure it's released when all done.

*

*/

/**

* 帮助类，帮忙处理BroadcastReciver过程

* */

public class C2DMBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

@Override

public final void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

// To keep things in one place.

C2DMBaseReceiver.runIntentInService(context, intent);

setResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, null /* data */, null /* extra */);

}

}

第三个类为C2DMessaging：

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/*

* Copyright 2010 Google Inc.

*

* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

* You may obtain a copy of the License at

*

* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*

* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

* limitations under the License.

*/

package com.google.android.c2dm;

import android.app.PendingIntent;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.content.SharedPreferences;

import android.content.SharedPreferences.Editor;

/**

* Utilities for device registration.

*

* Will keep track of the registration token in a private preference.

*/

/**

* 和注册相关的一些实用函数

* */

public class C2DMessaging {

public static final String EXTRA_SENDER = "sender";

public static final String EXTRA_APPLICATION_PENDING_INTENT = "app";

public static final String REQUEST_UNREGISTRATION_INTENT = "com.google.android.c2dm.intent.UNREGISTER";

public static final String REQUEST_REGISTRATION_INTENT = "com.google.android.c2dm.intent.REGISTER";

public static final String LAST_REGISTRATION_CHANGE = "last_registration_change";

public static final String BACKOFF = "backoff";

public static final String GSF_PACKAGE = "com.google.android.gsf"; //GSF为GoogleServicesFramework.apk的缩写

// package

static final String PREFERENCE = "com.google.android.c2dm";

private static final long DEFAULT_BACKOFF = 30000;

/**

* Initiate c2d messaging registration for the current application

*/

public static void register(Context context,

String senderId) {

Intent registrationIntent = new Intent(REQUEST_REGISTRATION_INTENT);

registrationIntent.setPackage(GSF_PACKAGE);

registrationIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_APPLICATION_PENDING_INTENT,

PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, new Intent(), 0));

registrationIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_SENDER, senderId);

context.startService(registrationIntent);

// TODO: if intent not found, notification on need to have GSF

}

/**

* Unregister the application. New messages will be blocked by server.

*/

public static void unregister(Context context) {

Intent regIntent = new Intent(REQUEST_UNREGISTRATION_INTENT);

regIntent.setPackage(GSF_PACKAGE);

regIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_APPLICATION_PENDING_INTENT, PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context,

0, new Intent(), 0));

context.startService(regIntent);

}

/**

* Return the current registration id.

*

* If result is empty, the registration has failed.

*

* @return registration id, or empty string if the registration is not complete.

*/

public static String getRegistrationId(Context context) {

final SharedPreferences prefs = context.getSharedPreferences(

PREFERENCE,

Context.MODE_PRIVATE);

String registrationId = prefs.getString("dm_registration", "");

return registrationId;

}

public static long getLastRegistrationChange(Context context) {

final SharedPreferences prefs = context.getSharedPreferences(

PREFERENCE,

Context.MODE_PRIVATE);

return prefs.getLong(LAST_REGISTRATION_CHANGE, 0);

}

static long getBackoff(Context context) {

final SharedPreferences prefs = context.getSharedPreferences(

PREFERENCE,

Context.MODE_PRIVATE);

return prefs.getLong(BACKOFF, DEFAULT_BACKOFF);

}

static void setBackoff(Context context, long backoff) {

final SharedPreferences prefs = context.getSharedPreferences(

PREFERENCE,

Context.MODE_PRIVATE);

Editor editor = prefs.edit();

editor.putLong(BACKOFF, backoff);

editor.commit();

}

// package

static void clearRegistrationId(Context context) {

final SharedPreferences prefs = context.getSharedPreferences(

PREFERENCE,

Context.MODE_PRIVATE);

Editor editor = prefs.edit();

editor.putString("dm_registration", "");

editor.putLong(LAST_REGISTRATION_CHANGE, System.currentTimeMillis());

editor.commit();

}

// package

static void setRegistrationId(Context context, String registrationId) {

final SharedPreferences prefs = context.getSharedPreferences(

PREFERENCE,

Context.MODE_PRIVATE);

Editor editor = prefs.edit();

editor.putString("dm_registration", registrationId);

editor.commit();

}

}

代码中已添加了部分中文注释，可以先大概了解下，等整个工程建立完了在一起解释。

然后创建我们自己的包com.ichliebephone.c2dm，包含两个类，一个是工程的入口AndroidC2DMDemo：

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package com.ichliebephone.c2dm;

import com.google.android.c2dm.C2DMessaging;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.util.Log;

public class AndroidC2DMDemo extends Activity {

/** Called when the activity is first created. */

private static final String TAG = "AndroidC2DMDemo";

public static final String SENDER_ID = "android.c2dm.demo@gmail.com"; //使用C2DM服务的用户账户

public static final String MESSAGE_KEY_ONE = "msg"; //和服务器商量好的接收消息的键值key

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

Log.v(TAG, "Start");

//向C2DM服务器注册

C2DMessaging.register(this, SENDER_ID);

}

}

很简单，就是开始向C2DM服务器进行注册。

另一个类为C2DMBaseReceiver的子类C2DMReceiver：

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package com.ichliebephone.c2dm;

import java.io.IOException;

import android.app.Notification;

import android.app.NotificationManager;

import android.app.PendingIntent;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.util.Log;

import com.google.android.c2dm.C2DMBaseReceiver;

//接收C2DM服务器Push的消息，包括注册返回的registration_id消息，推送的数据消息等

public class C2DMReceiver extends C2DMBaseReceiver{

private static final String TAG="C2DMReceiver";

//

public C2DMReceiver()

{

super(AndroidC2DMDemo.SENDER_ID);

}

public C2DMReceiver(String senderId) {

super(senderId);

// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

}

//接收到Push消息的回调函数

@Override

protected void onMessage(Context context, Intent intent) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

Log.v(TAG, "C2DMReceiver message");

Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();

if(extras!=null){

String msg = (String)extras.get(AndroidC2DMDemo.MESSAGE_KEY_ONE);

Log.v(TAG, "The received msg = "+msg);

//在标题栏上显示通知

NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

Notification notification = new Notification(R.drawable.icon, msg, System.currentTimeMillis());

PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, new Intent(this, AndroidC2DMDemo.class), 0);

notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, getString(R.string.app_name), msg, contentIntent);

notificationManager.notify(0, notification);

}

}

@Override

public void onError(Context context, String errorId) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

Log.v(TAG, "C2DMReceiver error");

}

@Override

public void onRegistered(Context context, String registrationId)

throws IOException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

super.onRegistered(context, registrationId);

Log.v(TAG, "C2DMReceiver Register");

}

@Override

public void onUnregistered(Context context) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

super.onUnregistered(context);

Log.v(TAG, "C2DMReceiver UnRegister");

}

}

在这个类中我们主要在接收到Push的回调函数onMessage中对消息进行了接收，并且使用Notification的方式显示在状态栏上。

我们完整的工程目录是这样的：



图4 工程目录

最后我们还要在AndroidManifest.xml中增加对应的权限等内容:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

package="com.ichliebephone.c2dm"

android:versionCode="1"

android:versionName="1.0">

<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />

<!--Only this application can receive the message and registration result -->

<!-- 设置一个权限，使只有这个应用才能接收到对应Push的消息及注册时返回的结果 -->

<permission android:name="com.ichliebephone.c2dm.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"

android:protectionLevel="signature"></permission>

<uses-permission android:name="com.ichliebephone.c2dm.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"/>

<!-- This application has the permission to register and receive c2dm message -->

<!-- 设置注册和接收C2DM Push消息的权限 -->

<uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE" />

<!-- Send and registration id to the server -->

<!-- 设置联网权限，在把registration_id发送给服务器的时候要用 -->

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

<!-- App must have this permission to use the library -->

<!-- 其他和获取手机中用户账户相关的权限 -->

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.USE_CREDENTIALS" />

<application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">

<activity android:name=".AndroidC2DMDemo"

android:label="@string/app_name">

<intent-filter>

<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />

</intent-filter>

</activity>

<!-- In order to use the c2dm library, an

application must declare a class with the name C2DMReceiver, in its

own package, extending com.google.android.c2dm.C2DMBaseReceiver

It must also include this section in the manifest. -->

<!-- 为了使用c2dm包com.google.android.c2dm及其对应的3个类，我们需要声明一个

继承com.google.android.c2dm.C2DMBaseReceiver类的子类C2DMReceiver，

并且要在这声明下 -->

<service android:name=".C2DMReceiver" />

<!-- Only google service can send data messages for the app. If permission is not set -

any other app can generate it -->

<!-- 谷歌的C2DM服务只为这个程序发送数据，声明对应的权限 -->

<receiver android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.C2DMBroadcastReceiver"

android:permission="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND">

<!-- Receive the actual message -->

<!-- 可以接收实际的Push数据 -->

<intent-filter>

<action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE" />

<category android:name="com.ichliebephone.c2dm" />

</intent-filter>

<!-- Receive the registration id -->

<!-- 可以接收注册后返回的registration_id -->

<intent-filter>

<action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.REGISTRATION" />

<category android:name="com.ichliebephone.c2dm" />

</intent-filter>

</receiver>

</application>

</manifest>

因为C2DM功能只有2.2及以上的Android系统才支持，因此创建一个2.2及以上的AVD，然后在”设置->账户与同步”里还要设置好Google Account，如下图所示：



图5 设置Android设备中的Google账户

然后就可以运行程序了，我们会在DDMS输出中看到获得的registration_id：



图6 获得的registration_id

如果第一次运行没有出现，试着再运行一次。

有了registration_id，我们的服务器端就可以向C2DM端发送需要Push的数据了，这里进行简单化处理下，在Ubuntu下直接使用curl命令来模拟服务器功能向C2DM发送数据。

我们先来获取C2DM的ClientLogin权限Auth，在Ubuntu终端下输入：

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lingaohe@lingaohe-laptop:~$ curl -d "accountType=HOSTED_OR_GOOGLE&Email=android.c2dm.demo@gmail.com&Passwd=androidc2dmdemo&service=ac2dm&source=bupt-c2dmdemo-1.0" https://www.google.com/accounts/ClientLogin
这个表示以POST的方式向https://www.google.com/accounts/ClientLogin发送数据，其中把Email和Passwd换成你自己在C2DM网页上注册的邮箱号和密码。

如果你的邮箱已在C2DM网页上注册，并且密码没有错误的话就会返回需要的Auth内容：

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SID=DQAAAKYAAADcTtHbBBNcZJEOfkfVRycD_ZOIidwsQ3UwIY7cSrYWaY6uhlfo0l9gRPB-mQxP4K2T5tWiG--vWVmSTeq5p8SPwgnsYvfzj7bkNiPPIy4xRimVVfBmAHnZgLohw7gHMKi5DS6kK-Ut5tNzdTkI0I2tUDF0ryQ7MnPpI6Sj-gUCyBXmvKatHHDnNTTV78XdGIx7FYej1DyqGsPsYo3bCstHgltjv3cd2Hs7D4yrpUWHZw

LSID=DQAAAKgAAABCpaoUE4XvxM24Cofntw1IUGx5fKxX-m7aqTL0zhunP0OjzJ2sn9ywmPa1BMZ2cF2IchuxHFLVzaSQfydAmiHZJGXLgaUorpIN6yz1e0VFWKmS6j4wGjZOos3QoJ9rkha0jKbOiHfBesADjxk-qjJ24TJ0RL-xkZHQyzS69YlA1KyzqIKjAMCzgqaDfCwhqxylJzizJksO2h8xpAFXZ38d_grm8XYZtzejiCiAMAR65A

Auth=DQAAAKoAAACRF4pgYULnXULoWgbwfdqmMiRhfZYa1l-LW_rwGD7cofov4L4c2bVrtCOXbEbkju_hhqdAonpMkrb5icptt28fU8c-s-u1y2MXNYDxPIdQzfA2t6oI3NTmyj35MpsR1NKL4TN7ZVEn6z9NueuiKAqLHukZYh1YMGkGC8M6rVvA7AWPW36064XCQED7KLVNp_pGT00lrni7UdZKZWEy0FT-EVR-OxDyHWw6C-5Kmfkisw

返回的内容包括SID，LSID和Auth三个部分，其中Auth是我们需要的内容。

有了Auth和registration_id值后，我们就可以继续用curl命令模拟我们自己服务器的功能向C2DM发送要推送的数据：

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lingaohe@lingaohe-laptop:~$ curl -H "Authorization:GoogleLogin auth=DQAAAKoAAACRF4pgYULnXULoWgbwfdqmMiRhfZYa1l-LW_rwGD7cofov4L4c2bVrtCOXbEbkju_hhqdAonpMkrb5icptt28fU8c-s-u1y2MXNYDxPIdQzfA2t6oI3NTmyj35MpsR1NKL4TN7ZVEn6z9NueuiKAqLHukZYh1YMGkGC8M6rVvA7AWPW36064XCQED7KLVNp_pGT00lrni7UdZKZWEy0FT-EVR-OxDyHWw6C-5Kmfkisw" -d "registration_id=APA91bGUBoSvt3G5Ny9t0IGLmIKAKYX6G6VHwSQHh3tP2fqcaQ0N4GPdKh5B3RDUHFCFF06YwT8ifOP_cOy5BAWyCLHL8d8NpuIW9AqXt9h2JSBVF2MitZA&collapse_key=1&data.msg=ichliebejiajia" https://android.apis.google.com/c2dm/send
其中发送的数据部分为data.msg=ichliebejiajia，表示发送的数据内容为ichliebejiajia，键值为msg，键值得和Android终端上的程序统一好，以便终端上可以获取。如果发送成功，会返回一个id值，比如：

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id=0:1308623423080544%6c5c15c200000031

lingaohe@lingaohe-laptop:~$

这时我们的服务器就已经把数据发送给C2DM服务器了，Android设备上一会就能接收到C2DM服务器Push的数据。

在我们的例子中我们可以看到DDMS中打印出的消息：



图7 获取到的Push数据

同时Android模拟器的状态栏上会有对应的通知显示：



图8 Android模拟器接收到的Push数据

这样我们就快速实现了下Android的C2DM框架的Push功能。进一步的具体解释说明及服务器端的代码处理我们以后再学习。

文章对应的完整代码例子下载地址：

http://download.csdn.net/source/3425855