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jdbc连接各种数据库

2012-11-18 19:27 316 查看
Java数据库连接（JDBC）由一组用 Java 编程语言编写的类和接口组成。JDBC 为工具/数据库开发人员提供了一个标准的 API，使他们能够用纯Java API 来编写数据库应用程序。然而各个开发商的接口并不完全相同，所以开发环境的变化会带来一定的配置变化。本文主要集合了不同数据库的连接方式。

下面罗列了各种数据库使用JDBC连接的方式，可以作为一个手册使用。
1、Oracle8/8i/9i数据库（thin模式）
 
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance();
String url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl"; //orcl为数据库的SID
String user="test";
String password="test";
Connection conn= DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);

 
 
 
　　2、DB2数据库
 
Class.forName("com.ibm.db2.jdbc.app.DB2Driver ").newInstance();
String url="jdbc:db2://localhost:5000/sample"; //sample为你的数据库名
String user="admin";
String password="";
Connection conn= DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);

 
 
 
　　3、Sql Server7.0/2000数据库
 
Class.forName("com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver").newInstance();
String url="jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=mydb";
//mydb为数据库
String user="sa";
String password="";
Connection conn= DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);

 
 
 
　　4、Sybase数据库
 
Class.forName("com.sybase.jdbc.SybDriver").newInstance();
String url =" jdbc:sybase:Tds:localhost:5007/myDB";//myDB为你的数据库名
Properties sysProps = System.getProperties();
SysProps.put("user","userid");
SysProps.put("password","user_password");
Connection conn= DriverManager.getConnection(url, SysProps);

 
 
 
　　5、Informix数据库
 
 
Class.forName("com.informix.jdbc.IfxDriver").newInstance();
String url = "jdbc:informix-sqli://123.45.67.89:1533/myDB:INFORMIXSERVER=myserver;
user=testuser;password=testpassword"; //myDB为数据库名
Connection conn= DriverManager.getConnection(url);

 
 
　　6、MySQL数据库
 
Class.forName("org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver").newInstance();
//或者Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
String url ="jdbc:mysql://localhost/myDB?
user=soft&password=soft1234&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=8859_1"
//myDB为数据库名
Connection conn= DriverManager.getConnection(url);

 
 
 
　　7、PostgreSQL数据库
 
Class.forName("org.postgresql.Driver").newInstance();
String url ="jdbc:postgresql://localhost/myDB" //myDB为数据库名
String user="myuser";
String password="mypassword";
Connection conn= DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);

 
 
 
　　8、access数据库直连用ODBC的
 
 
Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver") ;
String url="jdbc:odbc:Driver={MicroSoft Access Driver
(*.mdb)};DBQ="+application.getRealPath("/Data/ReportDemo.mdb");
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url,"","");
Statement stmtNew=conn.createStatement() ;

当MySQL集群时, JDBC路径的使用方法.这样使用：    jdbc:mysql://[host:port],[host:port].../[database][?propertyName1][=propertyValue1][&propertyName2][=propertyValue2]...例如：    jdbc:mysql://host1:3306,host2:3307,host3:3308/test?user=root&passWord=root&autoReconnect=true&failOverReadOnly=false注重：   
我在使用的时候发现一个问题，当使用3.0.14版本的JDBC时，使用上述方法出现异常：        Java.sql.SQLException: Server connection failure during transaction.

       Attempted reconnect 3 times. Giving up.

       ... ...    在更新到3.0.15版本后问题没有出现，这可能是3.0.14这个版本的一个Bug。

 

各种数据库的JDBC驱动下载及连接字符串URL写法

sun官方网站上的JDBC驱动列表：http://java.sun.com/products/jdbc/reference/industrysupport/index.html

数 据 库  说      明 

MySQL  http://www.mysql.com/products/connector/j/ Shipped. But need to download the latest for MySQL 4.1 or higher. 

Oracle  http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/tech/java/sqlj_jdbc/index.html Included. 

SQL Server by jTDS  http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=33291 Included. Support Microsoft SQL Server (6.5, 7, 2000 and 2005) 

Postgres  http://jdbc.postgresql.org/download.html Included 7.3 JDBC 3 

SAP DB  http://www.sapdb.org/sap_db_jdbc.htm Included. 

SyBase by jTDS  http://jtds.sourceforge.net/ Included. Support Sybase (10, 11, 12) 

 

以下内容来自互联网

1. MySQL(http://www.mysql.com) mysql-connector-java-2.0.14-bin.jar ;

  Class.forName( "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver" );

  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:mysql://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:3306/myDatabaseName", sUsr, sPwd );

2. PostgreSQL(http://www.de.postgresql.org) pgjdbc2.jar ;

  Class.forName( "org.postgresql.Driver" );

  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:postgresql://MyDbComputerNameOrIP/myDatabaseName", sUsr, sPwd );

3. Oracle(http://www.oracle.com/ip/deploy/database/oracle9i/) classes12.zip ;

  Class.forName( "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" );

  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:oracle:thin:@MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1521:ORCL", sUsr, sPwd );

4. Sybase(http://jtds.sourceforge.net) jconn2.jar ;

  Class.forName( "com.sybase.jdbc2.jdbc.SybDriver" );

  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:sybase:Tds:MyDbComputerNameOrIP:2638", sUsr, sPwd );

  //(Default-Username/Password: "dba"/"sql")

5. Microsoft SQLServer(http://jtds.sourceforge.net) ;

  Class.forName( "net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver" );

  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1433/master", sUsr, sPwd );

6. Microsoft SQLServer(http://www.microsoft.com) ;

  Class.forName( "com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver" );

  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1433;databaseName=master", sUsr, sPwd );

7. ODBC

  Class.forName( "sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver" );

  Connection cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:odbc:" + sDsn, sUsr, sPwd );

8.DB2 Class.forName("com.ibm.db2.jdbc.net.DB2Driver");

  String url="jdbc:db2://192.9.200.108:6789/SAMPLE"

  cn = DriverManager.getConnection( url, sUsr, sPwd );

9.access由于access并不是作为一项服务运行，所以url的方法对他不适用。access可以通过odbc，也可以通过服务器映射路径的形式找到.mdb文件,参见http://rmijdbc.objectweb.org/Access/access.html

JDBC API的使用方法

(1)登记并加载JDBC驱动程序；

两种方法：

Class.forName(String drivername);

DriverManager.registerDriver(Driver driver)

(2)建立与SQL数据库的连接；

DriverManager的getConnection()方法：

Connection getConnection(String url):url表示数据库地址字符串；

Connection getConnection(String url,String user,String pwd)

Connection getConnection(String url,Properties info)

(3)传送一个SQL查询；

Connection的createStatement()方法：

Statement createStatement();

Statement可以执行SQL语句，得到SQL查询结果。

(4)获得结果集。

Statement的执行SQL语句方法：

ResultSet executeQuery(String sql):执行select语句

int executeUpdate(String sql)：执行更新语句，如insert,delete,update.

(5)检索查询结果。

ResultSet的方法：

boolean next():没有行时返回false;

String getString(String columnName)：返回列名对应的值。

posted on 2007-07-01 16:09 和田雨 阅读(153) 评论(1)  编辑 收藏 引用 所属分类: JDBC

 

评论

# re: 各种数据库的JDBC驱动下载及连接字符串URL写法 2007-07-02 19:28 和田雨

为了方便大家查找，整理内容如下：

1. MySQL(http://www.mysql.com)mm.mysql-2.0.2-bin.jar

Class.forName( "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver" );

cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:mysql://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:3306/myDatabaseName", sUsr, sPwd );

2. PostgreSQL(http://www.de.postgresql.org)pgjdbc2.jar

Class.forName( "org.postgresql.Driver" );

cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:postgresql://MyDbComputerNameOrIP/myDatabaseName", sUsr, sPwd );

3. Oracle(http://www.oracle.com/ip/deploy/database/oracle9i/)classes12.zip

Class.forName( "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" );

cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:oracle:thin:@MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1521:ORCL", sUsr, sPwd );

4. Sybase(http://jtds.sourceforge.net)jconn2.jar

Class.forName( "com.sybase.jdbc2.jdbc.SybDriver" );

cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:sybase:Tds:MyDbComputerNameOrIP:2638", sUsr, sPwd );

//(Default-Username/Password: "dba"/"sql")

5. Microsoft SQLServer(http://jtds.sourceforge.net)

Class.forName( "net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver" );

cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1433/master", sUsr, sPwd );

6. Microsoft SQLServer(http://www.microsoft.com)

Class.forName( "com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver" );

cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1433;databaseName=master", sUsr, sPwd );

7. ODBC

Class.forName( "sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver" );

Connection cn = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:odbc:" + sDsn, sUsr, sPwd );

8.DB2(新添加)

Class.forName("com.ibm.db2.jdbc.net.DB2Driver");

String url="jdbc:db2://192.9.200.108:6789/SAMPLE"

cn = DriverManager.getConnection( url, sUsr, sPwd );

9.Microsoft SQL Server series (6.5, 7.x and 2000) and Sybase 10

JDBC Name: jTDS

URL: http://jtds.sourceforge.net/

Version: 0.5.1

Download URL: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=33291
语法:

Class.forName("net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver ");

Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://host:port/database","user","password");

or

Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:jtds:sybase://host:port/database","user","password");

10.Postgresql

JDBC Name: PostgreSQL JDBC

URL: http://jdbc.postgresql.org/

Version: 7.3.3 build 110

Download URL: http://jdbc.postgresql.org/download.html

语法:

Class.forName("org.postgresql.Driver");

Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:postgresql://host:port/database","user","password");

11.IBM AS400主机在用的JDBC语法

有装V4R4以上版本的Client Access Express

可以在C:\Program Files\IBM\Client Access\jt400\lib

找到 driver 档案 jt400.zip，并更改扩展名成为 jt400.jar

语法:

java.sql.DriverManager.registerDriver (new com.ibm.as400.access.AS400JDBCDriver ());

Class.forName("com.ibm.as400.access.AS400JDBCConnection");

con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:as400://IP","user","password");

12.informix

Class.forName("com.informix.jdbc.IfxDriver").newInstance();

String url =

"jdbc:informix-sqli://123.45.67.89:1533/testDB:INFORMIXSERVER=myserver;

user=testuser;password=testpassword";

Lib：jdbcdrv.zip<br><br>Class.forName( "com.sybase.jdbc.SybDriver" )

url="jdbc:sybase:Tds:127.0.0.1:2638/asademo";

SybConnection connection= (SybConnection)DriverManager.getConnection(url,"dba","sql");

13.SAP DB

Class.forName ("com.sap.dbtech.jdbc.DriverSapDB");

java.sql.Connection connection = java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection ( "jdbc:sapdb://" + host + "/" + database_name,user_name, password)

14.InterBase

String url = "jdbc:interbase://localhost/e:/testbed/database/employee.gdb";

Class.forName("interbase.interclient.Driver");

//Driver d = new interbase.interclient.Driver (); /* this will also work if you do not want the line above */

Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection( url, "sysdba", "masterkey" );

15.HSqlDB

url: http://hsqldb.sourceforge.net/

driver: org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver

连接方式有4种，分别为：

con-str（内存）: jdbc:hsqldb.

con-str（本地）: jdbc:hsqldb:/path/to/the/db/dir

con-str（http）: jdbc:hsqldb:http://dbsrv

con-str（hsql）: jdbc:hsqldb:hsql://dbsrv

 

为了自己JDBC驱动下载方便快捷，也便于网友的使用，特意把这些JDBC的驱动包下载汇总如下，。。。。说明：此内容来源于网络！。。。。。

Microsoft SQL Server (6.5, 7, 2000 and 2005) and Sybase (10, 11, 12).  

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

JDBC Name: jTDS

Home Page: http://jtds.sourceforge.net/
JDBC Ver: 1.0.2

Download: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=33291
Conn Code:

   Class.forName("net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver ");

   Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://host:port/database","user","password");

or

   Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:jtds:sybase://host:port/database","user","password");

Microsoft SQL Server 2000
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

JDBC Name: SQL Server 2000 Driver for JDBC

Home Page: http://www.microsoft.com/china/sql/
JDBC Ver: (SQL Server 2000 Driver for JDBC)

Download: http://www.microsoft.com/china/sql/downloads/2000/jdbc.asp
Conn Code:

   Class.forName("com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver");  

   Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection ("jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://server1:1433","user","password");

Oracle
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

JDBC Name: Connector/J  

Home Page: http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/tech/java/
JDBC Ver: (based on Oracle)

Download: http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/tech/java/sqlj_jdbc/
Conn Code:

   Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");

   Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@host:port:databse","user","password");

MySQL
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

JDBC Name: Connector/J

Home Page: http://dev.mysql.com/
JDBC Ver: 3.1

Download: http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/
Conn Code:

   Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

   Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://host:port/database","user","password");

Sybase
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

JDBC Name: jConnect  

Home Page: http://www.sybase.com.cn/cn/content/SDN/
JDBC Ver: 4.5/5.5

Download: http://www.sybase.com/detail_list?id=13&morenavId=8668&multi=true&SR=Y&show=1265
Conn Code:

Class.forName("com.sybase.jdbc2.jdbc.SybDriver").newInstance();

DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sybase:Tds:IP:2638?ServiceName="+database,"user","password");

Postgresql
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

JDBC Name: PostgreSQL JDBC

Home Page: http://jdbc.postgresql.org/
JDBC Ver: 8.0 Build 310

Download: http://jdbc.postgresql.org/download.html
Conn Code:

   Class.forName("org.postgresql.Driver");  

   Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:postgresql://host:port/database","user","password");

IBM Informix
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

JDBC Name: Informix JDBC Driver (IBM Informix JDBC V3.0)

Home Page: http://www-306.ibm.com/software/data/informix/
JDBC Ver: 3.0.JC1

Download: http://www14.software.ibm.com/webapp/download/search.jsp?go=y&rs=ifxjdbc
Conn Code:

   Class.forName("com.informix.jdbc.IfxDriver").newInstance();  

   Connection conn= DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:informix-sqli://123.45.67.89:1533/myDB:INFORMIXSERVER=myserver;user=testuser;password=testpassword";);

IBM DB2
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

JDBC Name: DB2 JDBC Universal Driver

Home Page: http://www-306.ibm.com/software/data/db2/udb/  
JDBC Ver:  

Download: http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/db2/downloads/jcc/
Conn Code:

   Class.forName("com.ibm.db2.jdbc.app.DB2Driver ").newInstance();  

   Connection conn= DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:db2://localhost:5000/sample",user,password);  

IBM AS400主机在用的JDBC语法
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

  有装V4R4以上版本的Client Access Express

  可以在C:"Program Files"IBM"Client Access"jt400"lib

  找到 driver 档案 jt400.zip，并更改扩展名成为 jt400.jar

Conn Code:

   java.sql.DriverManager.registerDriver (new com.ibm.as400.access.AS400JDBCDriver ());

   Class.forName("com.ibm.as400.access.AS400JDBCConnection");

   con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:as400://IP","user","password");  

   Db Name: Ms Access or Ms Foxpro

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Conn Code:

   step 1: 配置 odbc (例如：myDb)

   step 2:  

   String dbURL = "jdbc:odbc:myDb";

   Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");

　Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbURL);  

or

   String dbURL = "jdbc:odbc:driver={MicrosoftAccessDriver(*.mdb)};DBQ=dabaseName.mdb";

   Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");

　Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbURL);
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