Oracle巡检内容(一)

原文地址：Oracle巡检内容(一)作者：Oo嘟嘟oO1.
Oracle进程检查
Ps –ef |grep
ora
2.
CRS进程检查

$ps –df |grep d.bin
           
 应有：crsd.bin  ocssd.bin 
evmd.bin
crsctl check crs
crs_stat –t
crs_stat –ls

 
asm进程检查：
ps –ef|grep asm
ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
select
group_number,name,state,total_mb,free_mb from
v$asm_diskgroup;
select * from
v$asm_disk;

检查数据库状态：
srvctl status
database –d dbname
3.
Oracle数据库实例状态检查
SELECT inst_id,
instance_name, host_name, VERSION, TO_CHAR (startup_time,
'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') startup_time, status, archiver,
database_status FROM gv$instance;
4.
Oracle数据库打开状态检查
SELECT inst_id, dbid,
NAME, TO_CHAR (created, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') created, log_mode,
TO_CHAR (version_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
version_time,open_mode
FROM
gv$database;
 
5.
数据库表空间使用情况检查;
   
5.1
表空间的空间使用情况
SELECT  
df.tablespace_name, COUNT (*) datafile_count,
ROUND (SUM (df.BYTES)
/ 1048576) size_mb,
ROUND (SUM
(free.BYTES) / 1048576, 2) free_mb,
ROUND (SUM (df.BYTES)
/ 1048576 - SUM (free.BYTES) / 1048576, 2 )
used_mb,
ROUND (MAX
(free.maxbytes) / 1048576, 2) maxfree,
100 - ROUND (100.0 *
SUM (free.BYTES) / SUM (df.BYTES), 2) pct_used,
ROUND (100.0 * SUM
(free.BYTES) / SUM (df.BYTES), 2) pct_free
FROM dba_data_files
df,
 (SELECT  
tablespace_name, file_id, SUM (BYTES) BYTES, MAX (BYTES) maxbytes
FROM dba_free_space GROUP BY tablespace_name, file_id)
free
WHERE
df.tablespace_name = free.tablespace_name(+) AND df.file_id =
free.file_id(+)
GROUP BY
df.tablespace_name ORDER BY 8;
 
   
5.2
表空间可用性检查
select tablespace_name,status from
dba_tablespaces;
   
5.3
临时表空间使用情况和性能检查
SELECT
tablespace_name, extent_management, block_size, initial_extent,
next_extent, min_extents, max_extents, pct_increase FROM
dba_tablespaces WHERE CONTENTS = 'TEMPORARY';
 
SELECT username,
default_tablespace, temporary_tablespace FROM
dba_users;

期望结果：根据现场实际情况，应用用户的缺省表空间不能为system，临时表空间必须为temp。
 
 
   
5.4
回滚表空间使用情况检查和性能检查
SELECT * FROM
v$parameter WHERE NAME LIKE 'undo%';

select segment_name,status from
dba_rollback_segs;
   
5.5
根据几次检查的统计信息估计表空间的增长情况，并且据此为管理人员提供空间升级建议。
col file_name format
a20
col size_mb format
a10

SELECT df.file_id, df.file_name,
df.size_mb,
      
      
NVL (free.maxfree, 0) maxfree_mb,
      
      
ROUND (NVL (free.free_mb, 0), 2) free_mb,
      
      
100 - ROUND (100.0 * NVL (free.free_mb, 0) / df.size_mb, 2)
pct_used,
      
      
ROUND (100.0 * NVL (free.free_mb, 0) / df.size_mb, 2)
pct_free
      
  FROM
(SELECT file_id, file_name, tablespace_name, BYTES / 1048576
size_mb
      
         
FROM dba_data_files) df,
      
      
(SELECT  
file_id, SUM (BYTES) / 1048576 free_mb,
      
                
TRUNC (MAX (BYTES / 1024 / 1024), 2)
maxfree
      
           
FROM dba_free_space
      
       
GROUP BY file_id) free
      
 WHERE
df.file_id = free.file_id(+)
      
 ORDER BY
7;
 
6.
数据库告警日志检查;
   
6.1
检查自上次检查以来是否有数据库结构的修改，如果有则与管理人员加以确认。
   
6.2
分析最近时间段redo的切换频率，如果过于频繁或间隔太长则与管理人员确认解决方案。
SELECT  
TO_CHAR (first_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd') DAY, COUNT (*) switch_times, SUM
(DECODE (TO_CHAR (first_time, 'hh24'), '00', 1, 0)) h00, SUM
(DECODE (TO_CHAR (first_time, 'hh24'), '01', 1, 0)) h01, SUM
(DECODE (TO_CHAR (first_time, 'hh24'), '02', 1, 0)) h02, SUM
(DECODE (TO_CHAR (first_time, 'hh24'), '03', 1, 0)) h03, SUM
(DECODE (TO_CHAR (first_time, 'hh24'), '04', 1, 0)) h04, SUM
(DECODE (TO_CHAR (first_time, 'hh24'), '05', 1, 0)) h05, SUM
(DECODE (TO_CHAR (first_time, 'hh24'), '06', 1, 0)) h06, SUM
(DECODE (TO_CHAR (first_time, 'hh24'), '07', 1, 0)) h07, SUM
(DECODE (TO_CHAR (first_time, 'hh24'), '08', 1, 0))
h08,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '09', 1, 0)) h09,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '10', 1, 0)) h10,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '11', 1, 0)) h11,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '12', 1, 0)) h12,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '13', 1, 0)) h13,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '14', 1, 0)) h14,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '15', 1, 0)) h15,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '16', 1, 0)) h16,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '17', 1, 0)) h17,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '18', 1, 0)) h18,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '19', 1, 0)) h19,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '20', 1, 0)) h20,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '21', 1, 0)) h21,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '22', 1, 0)) h22,
SUM (DECODE (TO_CHAR
(first_time, 'hh24'), '23', 1, 0)) h23
FROM
v$log_history
WHERE first_time
> TRUNC (SYSDATE - 30)
GROUP BY ROLLUP
(TO_CHAR (first_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd'));
 
 6.3

查找自上次检查以来所有的ora错误并作出分析。
 
 
  
 6.4

根据系统情况为管理人员提供日志清理建议。