作为一名职场新人 如何获得一份软件测试的工作?

How to Get a Software Testing Job as a Fresher?
作为一名职场新人 如何获得一份软件测试的工作?
Author ：Adarsh Thampy
翻译者：花露丝雨
原文链接： http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/how-to-get-a-software-testing-job-as-a-fresher/ Many students who want to build a career in IT look forward to being a software tester as a stepping stone.
许多学生想要建立IT职业生涯中期待着把软件测试作为垫脚石。

Whether you want to transition into software development later on or continue to become a rock-star software tester, it is a good idea to pursue a career as a software tester as your first job.
不论你是想要后期过渡到软件开发还是继续成为一个优秀的软件测试工程师，追求职业生涯，把软件测试作为你的第一份工作是一个很好的想法。

This post will cover what you should and should not do to get your first job as a testing professional.
这封邮件将涵盖为了获得专业测试工程师作为第一份工作，应该做和不应该做的建议。
How to Get a Software Testing Job When You Have No Experience?

当你没有测试工作经验 如何获得一份软件测试工作？
#1: Be Passionate About Testing
#1 对测试充满激情
Why do you want to do a testing job?
为什么你想从事软件测试工作？
This is probably the most common question across all testing interviews. You should have a clear answer as to why you plan to pursue a career in this field.
在所有测试面试中这可能是最常见的问题。你应该有一个明确的答案，为什么你要在这一领域（软件测试）追求职业生涯。

If you are a computer science engineer, why did you not choose software development? If you are from some other streams, why not look for a job in your field of study?
如果你是一个计算机科学与技术工程师，你为什么不选择软件开发？如果你是其他专业，为什么不在你的研究领域找工作？

People who are passionate about this field and would love to grow as a quality tester often end up getting the best jobs out there. Anyone can be trained. But only the people with real interest in this field can make a name for themselves.
对这领域有热情的人，并且爱上这行，会成长为一个质量测试工作师，往往最终得到最好的工作了。任何人都可以被训练。只有对这个领域真正感兴趣的人们，才能成为这个行业名人

#2: Have the Right Skills Required For the Job
#2拥有软件测试工作要求的必要技能
As a software tester, you’d be spending most of the time trying to “break” the software. You should have excellent aptitude skills coupled with knowledge of testing methodologies and tools.
作为一个测试人员，你会花大部分时间在“破坏”软件。你应该有优异的技能加上测试方法和测试工具的知识。

As a fresher, most of the time, you would not have exposure to any

test cases. In such cases, you could join a training institute that offers hands on testing training. You could also take up some freelance work to improve your experience.
作为一名职场新人，大部分的时间，你就不会接触到任何测试用例。在这种情况下，你可以参加一个培训学院，提供手把手测试培训。你也可以从事一些兼职工作，来提高你的经验。

Nowadays most job openings require you to have some certifications. This is made mandatory by most companies so that the candidate can be productive from day 1 and no amount of time or money need to be spent on training the candidates on the
basics.
现今大部分的空缺工作需要你有一些认证。多数公司对此是强制性的以便求职者能够在一天内上岗并且没有较多的时间和金钱花费在对求职者基础知识培训上。

If you are serious about testing career, you could go for
certifications like
ISTQB which will enhance your value in the job market.
如果你对测试职业生涯是认真的，你应该参加认证比如ISTQB,它能提高你在就业市场的价值
#3: Choose Your Niche
#3：选择你的专攻方向
Have you heard the saying “Jack of all trades but master of none”? Well, these days, especially in IT field, you need to specialize and not generalize. A specialist is always preferred over a generalist by most companies (Although it’s not a
good idea to choose specialists as they have limited scope, most HR’s find the easy way out to fill up the position fast).
你听说过“博而不精”吗？那么，现在，尤其是在it领域，你需要专业化而不是泛泛

。相比一个通才，大部分公司更喜欢一个专家（尽管选择专业人士不是个好主意，因为他们的见识有局限性，但大多数HR觉得这是快速补满空缺职位的简便方式）。

Some of the popular testing niches you can choose are
一些流行的测试领域你可以选择

Manual testing: In this method, a tester takes on the role of the end user- one who will be using the software product. It’s a tedious process by which the tester has to use all of the software features to find bugs. In most cases, testers
perform these tests based on an already laid out plan

1手工测试：在这种方法中，测试工程师起到使用该软件产品的最终用户的角色。这是一个繁琐的过程，测试工程师必须使用本软件所有功能特性来发现软件bug。在大多数情况下，测试人员是在制定好的测试计划基础上执行这些测试。

Automation testing: Using this mode of testing, a tester can evaluate software by writing scripts that automate the tasks. No need of manually doing everything which saves a lot of time. This is often the most cost-effective way of testing
a software over the long term

2 自动化测试：使用这种方式的测试，测试者可以通过编写脚本，自动完成任务来评估软件。无需手工地做一切测试工作，从而节省大量时间。从长远来看，这往往是最具成本效益的测试方法

Performance testing: In this method of testing, software
is tested against a specific workload. Some of the metrics that would be evaluated are responsiveness, maximum load capacity and so on.

3 性能测试：这种测试方法，软件是通过特定的工作负载来测试。通过响应性、最大负载容量等指标来评估
Similar to software development, software testing is a vast field. So you should focus on one area of testing. This will make you a hot property in the job market. Even though you should specialize in one area, you should also try to be familiar
with other areas. You must also be flexible enough to shift to another track if required.
类似于软件开发，软件测试是一个浩瀚的领域。所以你应该集中软件测试的一个领域。这将使你成为就业市场上的热点人物。虽然你应该专注于一个领域，你也应该熟悉其他方面。你也必须足够灵活，如果需要的时候转移到另一个轨道。

#4: Bust All Myths
#4萧条的神话
Sadly, the industry and students have a lot of misconceptions about software testing jobs.
可悲的是，行业和学生对软件测试工作有很多误解。

Some of the myths still prevailing are
一些仍然存在的神话是：
Software testing is a simple job. So anyone can do it:
软件测试是简单的工作，因此任何人都能从事这份职业：
Although it’s not rocket science, testing still requires a lot of work and intellect from the part of the tester. So don’t think this is a walk in the park type of job and jump into it.
虽然这不是高深的事，软件测试还需要大量的努力和测试工程师的才智。所以不要认为软件测试是一种在公园散步的工作，而从事软件测试。
Testing is a second tier job compared to development:
相对于软件开发，软件测试是二等级工作。
We had one student apply for a job who supposedly thought that she was entitled to a testing job since she had already worked as a software developer.
我们有一个学生求职大概以为她可以获得测试工作，因为她曾经是一名软件开发工程师
Her argument was that since testing is inferior to development, and she cracked development interview and worked on a project or two, she was entitled to a job as a tester without an interview.
她的论点是 因为软件测试不如软件开发，她成功通过软件开面试，并且开发了一个或者两个项目，她就可以不通过面试就有权获得软件测试工作。
Well, we have news for you. It isn’t the case! Software testing is just as important and valued as software development. So experience in one domain doesn’t necessarily entitle you to a free pass to another.
嗯，我们有消息给你。它不是这样的！软件测试和软件开发是一样重要和具有价值。因此在一个领域的工作经验未必使你轻易地进入另一领域
Automation testing means clicking a few buttons and the software will do it for you.
自动化测试意味着点击一些按钮，这些软件开始自动为你工作
While it can be true for some existing test cases, most of the time you’d have to create the script for automation testing. So don’t think that it will be easy and since you don’t know/hate programming, it’s the perfect opportunity for you.
虽然它可以是真正的一些现有的测试用例，大部分的时间你必须为自动化测试创建脚本。所以不要因为你不了解/讨厌编程就认为它会很容易，这对你是个很好的机会。
#5: Write a Perfect Cover Letter and Resume
#5写一个完美的求职信和简历
How many times have you applied to a set of jobs at a stretch using the same resume and not even thinking about including a cover letter?
有多少次你用相同的简单去应聘多个工作岗位，甚至没有考虑包括封面信？
If you are like most people applying for a job, you reply should be “most of the time” or “always”.
如果你像大多数人找工作，你回答是“大部分时间”或“总是”。
We receive several resumes each day from candidates who simply attach their fresher resume and blindly apply to just about any job they can without even reading the titles. Do you really think a recruiter will take the pain to evaluate you after
such an attempt?
我们每天收到一些的应聘者的简历，应聘者简单地添加初级的简历，在没有阅读工作标题的情况下盲目投递简历。你真的认为一个招聘人员会评估你的简历？
Always customize your resume and make sure that you include a custom cover letter with each application. Instead of trying to apply to 50 different employers at a stretch, apply to just a few relevant ones.
总是定制你的简历，确保每个申请包含一个自定义的封面信，而不是试图用一段、很少相关的简历去应聘50家不同的雇主。
You’ll drastically improve your chances of hearing back from the employer.
你会大大提高雇主回复的机会。