剑桥雅思3_Secrets of the Forest

1. sustain v.
支撑、维持、持续
e.g.: Amazonia as unable to
sustain complex societies

2. prehistoric adj.
史前的
e.g.: the influence of
prehistoric inhabitants on Amazonian natural history
→ pre- before e.g.: pre-linguistic pre-school


3. deplete v.
使耗尽、大量减少
e.g.: When local resources became depleted, the tribe moved on.
→depletion n. use up exhaust

4.. handicapped adj.残疾的，智力不健全的
e.g.：As for technology, Holmberg noted, the Siriono "may be classified among the most handicapped peoples of the world".

5. hostile adj.
敌对的
e.g.: a habitat totally
hostile to human civilization
→hostility n.

6. evolutionary adj.
进化的、发展的
e.g.: The apparent simplicity of Indian ways of life has been judged an
evolutionary adaptation to forest ecology.
→ evolve v. evolution n.

7. adaptation to
适应
e.g.: The apparent simplicity of Indian ways of life has been judged an evolutionary
adaptation to forest ecology.
→ adapt to


8.. elaborate adj.精心设计的，刻苦的
e.g.：Archaeological traces of far more
elaborate cultures have been dismissed as the ruins of invaders from outside the region, abandoned to decay in the uncompromising tropical environment.

9. enormous adj.极大的
e.g.：The popular conception of Amazonia and its native residents would be
enormously consequential if it were true.
→ tremendous substantial immense

10. indigenous adj.
本土的、当地的 = local
e.g.: The region has supported a series of
indigenous cultures for eleven thousand years.

11. crucial = critical = vital关键的

e.g.: The Indians , whose presence is in fact
crucial to the survival of the forest, have suffered the most.