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Linux帐号管理[中]--用户管理

2012-09-22 16:01 239 查看
摘要:本文简要介绍了Linux帐号管理的用户管理。

Linux: Ubuntu10.0.4

1.系统管理员功能

1.1新建用户:useradd

Usage: useradd [options]

Options:

-b, --base-dir BASE_DIR base directory for the home directory of the

new account

-c, --comment COMMENT GECOS field of the new account

-d, --home-dir HOME_DIR home directory of the new account

-D, --defaults print or change default useradd configuration

-e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE expiration date of the new account

-f, --inactive INACTIVE password inactivity period of the new account

-g, --gid GROUP name or ID of the primary group of the new

account

-G, --groups GROUPS list of supplementary groups of the new

account

-h, --help display this help message and exit

-k, --skel SKEL_DIR use this alternative skeleton directory

-K, --key KEY=VALUE override /etc/login.defs defaults

-l, --no-log-init do not add the user to the lastlog and

faillog databases

-m, --create-home create the user's home directory

-M, --no-create-home do not create the user's home directory

-N, --no-user-group do not create a group with the same name as

the user

-o, --non-unique allow to create users with duplicate

(non-unique) UID

-p, --password PASSWORD encrypted password of the new account

-r, --system create a system account

-s, --shell SHELL login shell of the new account

-u, --uid UID user ID of the new account

-U, --user-group create a group with the same name as the user

-Z, --selinux-user SEUSER use a specific SEUSER for the SELinux user mapping

1.2修改用户:usermod

Usage: usermod [options]

Options:

-c, --comment COMMENT new value of the GECOS field

-d, --home HOME_DIR new home directory for the user account

-e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE set account expiration date to EXPIRE_DATE

-f, --inactive INACTIVE set password inactive after expiration

to INACTIVE

-g, --gid GROUP force use GROUP as new primary group

-G, --groups GROUPS new list of supplementary GROUPS

-a, --append append the user to the supplemental GROUPS

mentioned by the -G option without removing

him/her from other groups

-h, --help display this help message and exit

-l, --login NEW_LOGIN new value of the login name

-L, --lock lock the user account

-m, --move-home move contents of the home directory to the

new location (use only with -d)

-o, --non-unique allow using duplicate (non-unique) UID

-p, --password PASSWORD use encrypted password for the new password

-s, --shell SHELL new login shell for the user account

-u, --uid UID new UID for the user account

-U, --unlock unlock the user account

-Z, --selinux-user new SELinux user mapping for the user account

1.3删除用户:userdel

Usage: userdel [options]

Options:

-f, --force force removal of files,

even if not owned by user

-h, --help display this help message and exit

-r, --remove remove home directory and mail spool

1.4设置密码:passwd

1.5详细密码设置:chage

Usage: chage [options] [LOGIN]

Options:

-d, --lastday LAST_DAY set date of last password change to LAST_DAY

-E, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE set account expiration date to EXPIRE_DATE

-h, --help display this help message and exit

-I, --inactive INACTIVE set password inactive after expiration

to INACTIVE

-l, --list show account aging information

-m, --mindays MIN_DAYS set minimum number of days before password

change to MIN_DAYS

-M, --maxdays MAX_DAYS set maximim number of days before password

change to MAX_DAYS

-W, --warndays WARN_DAYS set expiration warning days to WARN_DAYS

2.普通用户功能

2.1finger

Login Name Tty Idle Login Time Office Office Phone

fans fans tty7 6:22 Jun 21 09:40 (:0)

fans fans pts/0 Jun 21 15:54 (:0.0)

2.2chfn



2.3chsh



2.4id



uid=1000(fans) gid=1000(fans) 组=4(adm),20(dialout),21(fax),24(cdrom),25(floppy),26(tape),30(dip),44(video),46(plugdev),104(fuse),105(lpadmin),119(admin),121(nopasswdlogin),122(sambashare),1000(fans)
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