获取SQLServer 的最完整数据字典的SQL 语句

其实网上已经流传了很多关于获取 SQLServer 的数据字典的版本，不过我相信这个应该是最全的了，本语句包括了表、字段、字段类型、字段长度、是否为空、是否递增字段、索引名称、索引的定位、索引类型、主键、外键等；通过合理的裁剪可以很方便的生成相应的数据字典。

SELECT sysobjects.name AS 表名称 , --sysproperties.[value] AS 表说明 , syscolumns.name AS 字段名称 , --properties.[value] AS 字段说明 , systypes.name AS 字段类型 , syscolumns.length AS 字段长度 , ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(syscolumns.id, syscolumns.name,'Scale'), 0) AS 小数位数 , CASE WHEN syscolumns.isnullable=0 THEN '' ELSE ' √ ' END AS 是否为空 , CASE WHEN syscomments.text IS NULL THEN '' ELSE syscomments.text END AS 缺省值 , CASE WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(syscolumns.id, syscolumns.name, 'IsIdentity')= 1 THEN ' √ ' ELSE '' END AS 递增字段 , CASE WHEN sysindexes.name IS NULL THEN '' ELSE sysindexes.name END AS 索引名称 , CASE WHEN sysindexkeys.keyno IS NULL THEN '' ELSE CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),sysindexkeys.keyno ) END AS 索引位置 , CASE WHEN sysindexes.indid=1 THEN ' 聚集索引 ' WHEN sysindexes.indid>1 AND sysindexes.indid<>255 THEN ' 非聚集索引 ' WHEN sysindexes.indid IS NULL THEN '' ELSE ' 其他 ' END AS 索引类型 , CASE WHEN EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sysobjects WHERE xtype = 'PK' AND name IN (SELECT name FROM sysindexes WHERE indid IN (SELECT indid FROM sysindexkeys WHERE id = syscolumns.id AND colid = syscolumns.colid))) THEN ' √ ' ELSE '' END AS 主键 , CASE WHEN sysforeignkeys.constid IS NULL THEN '' ELSE ' √ ' END AS 外健 FROM syscolumns -- 数据表字段 INNER JOIN sysobjects -- 数据对象 ON sysobjects.id = syscolumns.id INNER JOIN systypes -- 数据类型 ON syscolumns.xtype = systypes.xtype LEFT OUTER JOIN sysproperties properties -- 字段属性信息 ON syscolumns.id = properties.id AND syscolumns.colid = properties.smallid LEFT OUTER JOIN sysproperties -- 表属性信息 ON sysobjects.id = sysproperties.id AND sysproperties.smallid = 0 LEFT OUTER JOIN syscomments -- 注释信息 ON syscolumns.cdefault = syscomments.id LEFT OUTER JOIN sysindexkeys -- 索引中的键或列的信息 ON sysindexkeys.id = syscolumns.id AND sysindexkeys.colid = syscolumns.colid LEFT OUTER JOIN sysindexes -- 数据库 索引表 ON sysindexes.id = sysindexkeys.id AND sysindexes.indid = sysindexkeys.indid LEFT OUTER JOIN sysforeignkeys ON sysforeignkeys.fkeyid = syscolumns.id AND sysforeignkeys.fkey = syscolumns.colid WHERE (sysobjects.xtype = 'U') order by sysobjects.id,syscolumns.colid