linux常用英文缩写

/bin = BINaries
/sbin = Superuser BINaries

/sys=SYStem
/proc = PROCesses

/var = VARiable
/usr = Unix Shared Resources
/opt=OPTional application software packages

/etc = ETCetera
/mnt=MouNT
/dev = DEVices
/lib = LIBrary
/srv=SeRVice
/tmp = TeMPorary

ls：List files
man: Manual
cat: Concatenate
su：Switch user
tar：Tape archive
cd：Change directory
bash = Bourne Again SHell

umount: Unmount
apt：Advanced package tool
dpkg：Debian package manager

chown: Change owner
chgrp: Change group
chmod: Change mode
chsh = CHange SHell

cp: Copy file
ln: Link files
mv: Move file
rm: Remove file

mkdir：Make directory
rmdir：Remove directory
mkfs: Make file system
fsck：File system check

lsmod: List modules
insmod：Install module
rmmod：Remove module

fg: Foreground
bg: Background

df: Disk free
du: Disk usage

如果首字母后为“h”，通常保留
zsh Z SHell
ksh Korn SHell
ssh Secure SHell

递归缩写
GNU    GNU's Not Unix
PNG     PNG's Not GIF
nano      Nano's ANOther editor
WINE   WINE Is Not an Emulator
PHP      PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor

如果某种缩写比较深入人心，例如“mesg”代表“message”，在新的复合缩写中，将沿用这种缩写方式
dmesg      Diagnostic MESsaGe
sed           Stream EDitor
stty           Set TTY
fstab         FileSystem TABle
passwd      PASSWorD

有些缩写中，第一个字母“g”，代表“GNU”
awk      Aho Weiberger and Kernighan
gawk     GNU AWK
gpg      GNU Privacy Guard
grep     GNU Regular Expression Print
egrep    Extended GREP

apache = "a patchy" server
ar = archiver
as = assembler
awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan" 三个作者的姓的第一个字母

bc = Basic (Better) Calculator
biff = 作者Heidi Stettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。

cal = CALendar
cmp = compare
cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture
comm = common
cpio = CoPy In and Out
cpp = C Pre Processor
cron = Chronos 希腊文时间
cups = Common Unix Printing System
cvs = Current Version System

daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
dc = Desk Calculator
dd = Disk Dump
df = Disk Free
diff = DIFFerence
dmesg = diagnostic message
du = Disk Usage

ed = editor
egrep = Extended GREP
elf = Extensible Linking Format
elm = ELectronic Mail
emacs = Editor MACroS
eval = EVALuate
ex = EXtended
exec = EXECute

fd = file descriptors
fg = ForeGround
fgrep = Fixed GREP
fmt = format
fsck = File System ChecK
fstab = FileSystem TABle
fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager

gawk = GNU AWK
gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
groff = GNU troff

hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
joe = Joe's Own Editor
ksh = Korn SHell

lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder
ldd：List dynamic dependencies
lex = LEXical analyser
lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses
ln = LiNk
lpr = Line PRint
ls = list
lsof = LiSt Open Files

m4 = Macro processor Version 4
man = MANual pages
mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK
mc = Midnight Commander
mkfs = MaKe FileSystem
mknod = MaKe NODe
motd = Message of The Day
mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
mtab = Mount TABle
mv = MoVe

nano = Nano's ANOther editor
nawk = New AWK
nl = Number of Lines
nm = names
nohup = No HangUP
nroff = New ROFF

od = Octal Dump

passwd = PASSWorD
pg = pager
pwd：Print working directory
ps：Process Status
pico = PIne's message COmposition editor
pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm"
ping = 拟声 又 = Packet InterNet Grouper
pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
popd = POP Directory
pr = pre
printf = PRINT Formatted
ps = Processes Status
pty = pseudo tty
pushd = PUSH Directory
pwd = Print Working Directory

rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell
rev = REVerse
rm = ReMove
rn = Read News
roff = RunOFF
rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager
rsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remote
rxvt = ouR XVT

seamoneky = 我
sed = Stream EDitor
seq = SEQuence
shar = SHell ARchive
slrn = S-Lang rn
ssh = Secure SHell
ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
stty = Set TTY
su = Substitute User
svn = SubVersioN

tar = Tape ARchive
tcsh = TENEX C shell
tee = T (T形水管接口)
telnet = TEminaL over Network
termcap = terminal capability
terminfo = terminal information
tex = τχνη的缩写，希腊文art
tr = traslate
troff = Typesetter new ROFF
tsort = Topological SORT
tty = TeleTypewriter
twm = Tom's Window Manager
tz = TimeZone

udev = Userspace DEV
ulimit = User's LIMIT
umask = User's MASK
uname: Unix name
uniq = UNIQue

vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
vim = Vi IMproved

wall = write all
wc = Word Count
wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator

xargs = eXtended ARGuments
xdm = X Display Manager
xlfd = X Logical Font Description
xmms = X Multimedia System
xrdb = X Resources DataBase
xwd = X Window Dump

yacc = yet another compiler compiler

-a
all : 全部，所有 (ls , lsattr , uname)
archive : 存档 (cp , rsync)
append : 附加 (tar -A , 7z)

-b
blocksize : 块大小，带参数 (du , df)
batch : 批处理模式 (交互模式的程序通常拥有此选项，如 top -b)

-c
commands : 执行命令，带参数 (bash , ksh , python)
create : 创建 (tar)

-d
debug : 调试
delete : 删除
directory : 目录 (ls)

-e
execute : 执行，带参数 (xterm , perl)
edit : 编辑
exclude : 排除

-f
force : 强制，不经确认(cp , rm ,mv)
file : 文件，带参数 (tar)
configuration file : 指定配置文件(有些守护进程拥有此选项，如 ssh , lighttpd)

-g

-h
--help : 帮助
human readable : 人性化显示(ls , du , df)
headers : 头部

-i
interactive : 交互模式，提示(rm , mv)
include : 包含

-k
keep : 保留
kill

-l
long listing format : 长格式(ls)
list : 列表
load : 读取 (gcc , emacs)

-m
message : 消息 (cvs)
manual : 手册 (whereis)
create home : 创建 home 目录 (usermod , useradd)

-n
number : 行号、编号 (cat , head , tail , pstree , lspci)
no : (useradd , make)

-o
output : 输出 (cc , sort)
options : 选项 (mount)

-p
port : 端口，带参数 (很多网络工具拥有此选项，如 ssh , lftp )
protocol : 协议，带参数
passwd : 密码，带参数

-q
quiet : 静默

-r
reverse : 反转
recursive : 递归 (cp , rm , chmod -R)

-s
silent : 安静
size : 大小，带参数
subject

-t
tag
type : 类型 (mount)

-u
user : 用户名、UID，带参数

-v
verbose : 冗长
version : 版本

-w
width : 宽度
warning : 警告

-x
exclude : 排除 (tar , zip)

-y
yes

-z
zip : 启用压缩 (bzip , tar , zcat , zip , cvs)