EIGRP上负载均衡了，数据包是如何分配的
2012-06-06 20:49
302 查看
接上面的EIGRP等价和不等价负载均衡。
在R3上：
R3#show ip rou
R3#show ip route 12.1.1.0
Routing entry for 12.0.0.0/8
Known via "eigrp 90", distance 90, metric 2195456, type internal
Redistributing via eigrp 90
Last update from 13.1.1.1 on Serial0/0, 00:06:05 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 23.1.1.2, from 23.1.1.2, 00:06:05 ago, via Ethernet1/0
Route metric is 2195456, traffic share count is 60
Total delay is 21000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
13.1.1.1, from 13.1.1.1, 00:06:05 ago, via Serial0/0
Route metric is 2681856, traffic share count is 49
Total delay is 40000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
所以23的先走60个包，然后13接着走49个包。
然后验证下：
R3(config)#access-list 100 per icmp any any
R3(config)#no ip cef
R2(config)#no ip cef
R1(config)#no ip cef
R3#debug ip packet 100
IP packet debugging is on for access list 100
先ping59个包看看
R3#ping
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 12.1.1.0
Repeat count [5]: 59
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands
:
Sweep range of sizes
:
Mar 1 00:50:44.675: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.675: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.675: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.683: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.683:
R3#IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.683: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.687: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.719: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.719: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.719: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.719: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.731: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.731: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.731: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.731: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=1
R3#2.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.739: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.739: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.739: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.739: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.747: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.747: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.747: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.747: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.755: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.755: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0
R3#), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.755: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.755: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.763: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.763: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.763: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.763: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.771: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.771: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.771: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.771: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:5
R3#0:44.779: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.779: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.779: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.783: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.819: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.819: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.819: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.819: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.827: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.827: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.827: IP: tableid
R3#=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.827: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.835: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.835: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.835: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.835: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.843: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.843: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.843: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.847: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.879: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=
R3#23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.879: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.879: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.879: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.895: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.895: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.895: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.899: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.923: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.923: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.923: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), rou
R3#ted via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.923: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.931: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.931: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.931: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.931: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.939: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.939: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.939: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.939: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.947: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50
R3#:44.947: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.947: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.947: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.955: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.955: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.955: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.955: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.963: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.963: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.963: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.963: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (lo
R3#cal), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.971: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.971: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.971: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.975: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.983: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.983: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.987: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.987: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.995: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.995: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Et
R3#hernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.995: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.999: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:45.035: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:45.035: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:45.035: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:45.035: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:45.043: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:45.043: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:45.043: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:45.043: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Ma
R3#r 1 00:50:45.051: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:45.051: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
这里59个包都是走23出去的
然后再ping几个：
R3#ping
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 12.1.1.0
Repeat count [5]: 2
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands
:
Sweep range of sizes
:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 2, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.1.1.0, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!
Success rate is 100 percent (2/2), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/42/60 ms
R3#
*Mar 1 00:52:47.439: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:52:47.443: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:52:47.499: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:52:47.499: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:52:47.499: IP: tableid=0, s=13.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Serial0/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:52:47.503: IP: s=13.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Serial0/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:52:47.523: IP: tableid=0, s=13.1.1.1 (Serial0/0), d=13.1.1.3 (Serial0/0), routed via RIB
R3#
*Mar 1 00:52:47.523: IP: s=13.1.1.1 (Serial0/0), d=13.1.1.3 (Serial0/0), len 100, rcvd 3
可以看到换到13的这条路了。
那么如何配置只走那条最优的路啦？
R3(config)#router ei 90
R3(config-router)#tr
R3(config-router)#traffic-share ?
balanced Share inversely proportional to metric
min All traffic shared among min metric paths
这里默认是balanced
R3(config-router)#traffic-share min ac
R3(config-router)#traffic-share min across-interfaces
然后再：
R3#show ip route 12.1.1.0
Routing entry for 12.0.0.0/8
Known via "eigrp 90", distance 90, metric 2195456, type internal
Redistributing via eigrp 90
Last update from 13.1.1.1 on Serial0/0, 00:01:31 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 23.1.1.2, from 23.1.1.2, 00:01:31 ago, via Ethernet1/0
Route metric is 2195456, traffic share count is 1
Total delay is 21000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
13.1.1.1, from 13.1.1.1, 00:01:31 ago, via Serial0/0
Route metric is 2681856, traffic share count is 0
Total delay is 40000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
然后在ping2个看看
R3#ping
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 12.1.1.0
Repeat count [5]: 2
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands
:
Sweep range of sizes
:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 2, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.1.1.0, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!
Success rate is 100 percent (2/2), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/36/48 ms
R3#
*Mar 1 00:59:56.923: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:59:56.927: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:59:56.971: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:59:56.971: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:59:56.971: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:59:56.975: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:59:56.991: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
R3#
*Mar 1 00:59:56.991: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
都是走23了
但是此时查看路由表却发现：
D 12.0.0.0/8 [90/2195456] via 23.1.1.2, 00:05:05, Ethernet1/0
[90/2681856] via 13.1.1.1, 00:05:05, Serial0/0
13的路由还是负载的。
这就说明路由表中的负载不一定是真实数据的负载均衡，两个层面是分开的
当然如果23的down掉了，自然走下面了
还有之前关于关掉cef的命令，如果关闭了，就不去查cef表了。
只要有cef，就不查路由了。cef如果没有，再查看路由，也有可能不查了。
在R3上：
R3#show ip rou
R3#show ip route 12.1.1.0
Routing entry for 12.0.0.0/8
Known via "eigrp 90", distance 90, metric 2195456, type internal
Redistributing via eigrp 90
Last update from 13.1.1.1 on Serial0/0, 00:06:05 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 23.1.1.2, from 23.1.1.2, 00:06:05 ago, via Ethernet1/0
Route metric is 2195456, traffic share count is 60
Total delay is 21000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
13.1.1.1, from 13.1.1.1, 00:06:05 ago, via Serial0/0
Route metric is 2681856, traffic share count is 49
Total delay is 40000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
所以23的先走60个包，然后13接着走49个包。
然后验证下：
R3(config)#access-list 100 per icmp any any
R3(config)#no ip cef
R2(config)#no ip cef
R1(config)#no ip cef
R3#debug ip packet 100
IP packet debugging is on for access list 100
先ping59个包看看
R3#ping
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 12.1.1.0
Repeat count [5]: 59
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands
:
Sweep range of sizes
:
Mar 1 00:50:44.675: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.675: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.675: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.683: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.683:
R3#IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.683: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.687: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.719: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.719: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.719: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.719: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.731: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.731: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.731: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.731: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=1
R3#2.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.739: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.739: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.739: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.739: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.747: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.747: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.747: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.747: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.755: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.755: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0
R3#), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.755: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.755: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.763: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.763: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.763: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.763: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.771: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.771: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.771: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.771: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:5
R3#0:44.779: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.779: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.779: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.783: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.819: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.819: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.819: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.819: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.827: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.827: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.827: IP: tableid
R3#=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.827: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.835: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.835: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.835: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.835: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.843: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.843: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.843: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.847: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.879: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=
R3#23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.879: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.879: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.879: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.895: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.895: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.895: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.899: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.923: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.923: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.923: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), rou
R3#ted via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.923: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.931: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.931: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.931: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.931: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.939: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.939: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.939: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.939: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.947: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50
R3#:44.947: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.947: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.947: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.955: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.955: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.955: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.955: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.963: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.963: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.963: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.963: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (lo
R3#cal), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.971: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.971: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.971: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.975: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.983: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.983: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.987: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.987: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:44.995: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.995: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Et
R3#hernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:44.995: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:44.999: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:45.035: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:45.035: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:45.035: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:45.035: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:50:45.043: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:45.043: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:50:45.043: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:45.043: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Ma
R3#r 1 00:50:45.051: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:50:45.051: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
这里59个包都是走23出去的
然后再ping几个：
R3#ping
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 12.1.1.0
Repeat count [5]: 2
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands
:
Sweep range of sizes
:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 2, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.1.1.0, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!
Success rate is 100 percent (2/2), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/42/60 ms
R3#
*Mar 1 00:52:47.439: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:52:47.443: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:52:47.499: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:52:47.499: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:52:47.499: IP: tableid=0, s=13.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Serial0/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:52:47.503: IP: s=13.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Serial0/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:52:47.523: IP: tableid=0, s=13.1.1.1 (Serial0/0), d=13.1.1.3 (Serial0/0), routed via RIB
R3#
*Mar 1 00:52:47.523: IP: s=13.1.1.1 (Serial0/0), d=13.1.1.3 (Serial0/0), len 100, rcvd 3
可以看到换到13的这条路了。
那么如何配置只走那条最优的路啦？
R3(config)#router ei 90
R3(config-router)#tr
R3(config-router)#traffic-share ?
balanced Share inversely proportional to metric
min All traffic shared among min metric paths
这里默认是balanced
R3(config-router)#traffic-share min ac
R3(config-router)#traffic-share min across-interfaces
然后再：
R3#show ip route 12.1.1.0
Routing entry for 12.0.0.0/8
Known via "eigrp 90", distance 90, metric 2195456, type internal
Redistributing via eigrp 90
Last update from 13.1.1.1 on Serial0/0, 00:01:31 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
* 23.1.1.2, from 23.1.1.2, 00:01:31 ago, via Ethernet1/0
Route metric is 2195456, traffic share count is 1
Total delay is 21000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
13.1.1.1, from 13.1.1.1, 00:01:31 ago, via Serial0/0
Route metric is 2681856, traffic share count is 0
Total delay is 40000 microseconds, minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Reliability 255/255, minimum MTU 1500 bytes
Loading 1/255, Hops 1
然后在ping2个看看
R3#ping
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 12.1.1.0
Repeat count [5]: 2
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands
:
Sweep range of sizes
:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 2, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.1.1.0, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!
Success rate is 100 percent (2/2), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/36/48 ms
R3#
*Mar 1 00:59:56.923: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:59:56.927: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:59:56.971: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:59:56.971: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
*Mar 1 00:59:56.971: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 1 00:59:56.975: IP: s=23.1.1.3 (local), d=12.1.1.0 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 1 00:59:56.991: IP: tableid=0, s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), routed via RIB
R3#
*Mar 1 00:59:56.991: IP: s=23.1.1.2 (Ethernet1/0), d=23.1.1.3 (Ethernet1/0), len 100, rcvd 3
都是走23了
但是此时查看路由表却发现：
D 12.0.0.0/8 [90/2195456] via 23.1.1.2, 00:05:05, Ethernet1/0
[90/2681856] via 13.1.1.1, 00:05:05, Serial0/0
13的路由还是负载的。
这就说明路由表中的负载不一定是真实数据的负载均衡，两个层面是分开的
当然如果23的down掉了，自然走下面了
还有之前关于关掉cef的命令，如果关闭了，就不去查cef表了。
只要有cef，就不查路由了。cef如果没有，再查看路由，也有可能不查了。
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