SQL 完整性约束-单个关系上的完整性约束

拓扑:

配置:

首先在两台主机上进行准备工作：

192.168.145.10主机：

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network

编辑结果：

3 HOSTNAME=node1.a.com

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts

编辑结果：

5 192.168.145.10 node1.a.com node1

6 192.168.145.20 node2.a.com node2

[root@localhost ~]# hostname node1.a.com

重新登录。

192.168.145.20主机：

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network

编辑结果：

3 HOSTNAME=node2.a.com

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts

编辑结果：

5 192.168.145.10 node1.a.com node1

6 192.168.145.20 node2.a.com node2

[root@localhost ~]# hostname node2.a.com

重新登录。

corosync配置

node1配置：

[root@node1 ~]# hwclock –s

编辑本地yum：

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo

编辑结果：

1 [rhel-server]

2 name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux server 3 baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server

4 enabled=1

5 gpgcheck=1

6 gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

7

8 [rhel-cluster]

9 name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux cluster

10 baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Cluster

11 enabled=1

12 gpgcheck=1

13 gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

产生钥匙对：

[root@node1 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generating public/private rsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):

Created directory '/root/.ssh'.

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):

Enter same passphrase again:

Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.

Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is:

e4:d6:8f:41:d9:f8:cd:1a:29:05:19:ec:57:fa:bb:63 root@node1.a.com

[root@node1 ~]# cd .ssh/

[root@node1 .ssh]# ll

总计 8

-rw------- 1 root root 1679 08-10 15:30 id_rsa

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 398 08-10 15:30 id_rsa.pub

将公钥复制给node2：

[root@node1 .ssh]# ssh-copy-id -i id_rsa.pub node2

10

The authenticity of host 'node2 (192.168.145.20)' can't be established.

RSA key fingerprint is 3e:d3:a4:79:cf:7f:20:39:91:b5:49:cc:71:73:51:34.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added 'node2,192.168.145.20' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.

root@node2's password:

Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh 'node2'", and check in:

.ssh/authorized_keys

to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.

[root@node1 ~]# ll

总计 3372

-rw------- 1 root root 1176 08-03 04:07 anaconda-ks.cfg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 271360 08-10 15:45 cluster-glue-1.0.6-1.6.el5.i386.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 133254 08-10 15:45 cluster-glue-libs-1.0.6-1.6.el5.i386.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 170052 08-10 15:45 corosync-1.2.7-1.1.el5.i386.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 158502 08-10 15:45 corosynclib-1.2.7-1.1.el5.i386.rpm

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 08-02 20:16 Desktop

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 165591 08-10 15:45 heartbeat-3.0.3-2.3.el5.i386.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 289600 08-10 15:45 heartbeat-libs-3.0.3-2.3.el5.i386.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 35236 08-03 04:07 install.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3995 08-03 04:06 install.log.syslog

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 60458 08-10 15:45 libesmtp-1.0.4-5.el5.i386.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 207085 08-10 15:45 openais-1.1.3-1.6.el5.i386.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 94614 08-10 15:45 openaislib-1.1.3-1.6.el5.i386.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 796813 08-10 15:45 pacemaker-1.1.5-1.1.el5.i386.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 207925 08-10 15:45 pacemaker-cts-1.1.5-1.1.el5.i386.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 332026 08-10 15:45 pacemaker-libs-1.1.5-1.1.el5.i386.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 32818 08-10 15:45 perl-TimeDate-1.16-5.el5.noarch.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 388632 08-10 15:45 resource-agents-1.0.4-1.1.el5.i386.rpm

挂载：

[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom

[root@node1 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only

安装软件：

[root@node1 ~]# yum localinstall -y *.rpm –nogpgcheck

[root@node1 ~]# cd /etc/corosync/

[root@node1 corosync]# ll

总计 20

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5384 2010-07-28 amf.conf.example

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 436 2010-07-28 corosync.conf.example

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2010-07-28 service.d

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2010-07-28 uidgid.d

[root@node1 corosync]# cp corosync.conf.example corosync.conf

[root@node1 corosync]# vim corosync.conf

编辑结果：

34 service {

35 ver: 0

36 name: pacemaker

37 }

38

39 aisexec {

40 user: root

41 group: root

42 }

生成钥匙对：

[root@node1 corosync]# corosync-keygen

Corosync Cluster Engine Authentication key generator.

Gathering 1024 bits for key from /dev/random.

Press keys on your keyboard to generate entropy.

Writing corosync key to /etc/corosync/authkey.

[root@node1 corosync]# ll

总计 28

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5384 2010-07-28 amf.conf.example

-r-------- 1 root root 128 08-10 22:47 authkey

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 541 08-10 20:47 corosync.conf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 436 2010-07-28 corosync.conf.example

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2010-07-28 service.d

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2010-07-28 uidgid.d

复制文件到node2：

[root@node1 corosync]# scp -p authkey corosync.conf node2:/etc/corosync/

authkey 100% 128 0.1KB/s 00:00

corosync.conf 100% 541 0.5KB/s 00:00

创建日志文件：

[root@node1 corosync]# mkdir /var/log/cluster

[root@node1 corosync]# ssh node2 'mkdir /var/log/cluster'

启动服务：

[root@node1 corosync]# service corosync start

Starting Corosync Cluster Engine (corosync): [确定]

[root@node1 corosync]# ssh node2 'service corosync start'

Starting Corosync Cluster Engine (corosync): [确定]

验证corosync引擎是否正常启动了：

[root@node1 corosync]# grep -i -e "corosync cluster engine" -e "configuration file" /var/log/messages

查看初始化成员节点通知是否发出：

[root@node1 corosync]# grep -i totem /var/log/messages

检查过程中是否有错误产生：

[root@node1 corosync]# grep -i error: /var/log/messages |grep -v unpack_resources

检查pacemaker是否已经启动：

[root@node1 corosync]# grep -i pcmk_startup /var/log/messages

查看群集成员状态：

[root@node1 corosync]# crm status

禁用stonith:

[root@node1 corosync]# crm

crm(live)# configure

crm(live)configure# property stonith-enabled=false

crm(live)configure# commit

定义资源：

crm(live)configure# primitive webip ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr params ip=192.168.145.100

crm(live)configure# commit

安装web服务：

[root@node1 ~]# yum install -y httpd

[root@node1 ~]# echo "node1.a.com" >/var/www/html/index.html

定义web资源：

[root@node1 ~]# crm

crm(live)# configure

crm(live)configure# primitive webserver lsb:httpd

crm(live)configure# commit

crm(live)configure# group web webip webserver

crm(live)configure# commit

node2配置：

产生钥匙对：

[root@node2 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generating public/private rsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):

Enter same passphrase again:

Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.

Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is:

4c:a9:ec:03:2f:d2:29:9b:b1:29:a5:f3:fa:20:1c:71 root@node2.a.com

[root@node2 ~]# cd .ssh/

复制公钥给node1：

[root@node2 .ssh]# ssh-copy-id -i id_rsa.pub node1

10

The authenticity of host 'node1 (192.168.145.10)' can't be established.

RSA key fingerprint is 3e:d3:a4:79:cf:7f:20:39:91:b5:49:cc:71:73:51:34.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added 'node1,192.168.145.10' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.

root@node1's password:

Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh 'node1'", and check in:

.ssh/authorized_keys

to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.

复制node1的yum客户端配置：

[root@node2 .ssh]# scp node1:/etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo

rhel-debuginfo.repo 100% 318 0.3KB/s 00:00

[root@node2 .ssh]# hwclock –s

[root@node2 .ssh]# date

2012年 08月 10日 星期五 15:42:12 CST

[root@node2 .ssh]# ssh node1 'date'

2012年 08月 10日 星期五 15:42:24 CST

复制node1中的软件包：

[root@node2 ~]# scp node1:/root/*.rpm ./

cluster-glue-1.0.6-1.6.el5.i386.rpm 100% 265KB 265.0KB/s 00:00

cluster-glue-libs-1.0.6-1.6.el5.i386.rpm 100% 130KB 130.1KB/s 00:00

corosync-1.2.7-1.1.el5.i386.rpm 100% 166KB 166.1KB/s 00:00

corosynclib-1.2.7-1.1.el5.i386.rpm 100% 155KB 154.8KB/s 00:00

heartbeat-3.0.3-2.3.el5.i386.rpm 100% 162KB 161.7KB/s 00:00

heartbeat-libs-3.0.3-2.3.el5.i386.rpm 100% 283KB 282.8KB/s 00:00

libesmtp-1.0.4-5.el5.i386.rpm 100% 59KB 59.0KB/s 00:00

openais-1.1.3-1.6.el5.i386.rpm 100% 202KB 202.2KB/s 00:00

openaislib-1.1.3-1.6.el5.i386.rpm 100% 92KB 92.4KB/s 00:00

pacemaker-1.1.5-1.1.el5.i386.rpm 100% 778KB 778.1KB/s 00:00

pacemaker-cts-1.1.5-1.1.el5.i386.rpm 100% 203KB 203.1KB/s 00:00

pacemaker-libs-1.1.5-1.1.el5.i386.rpm 100% 324KB 324.2KB/s 00:00

perl-TimeDate-1.16-5.el5.noarch.rpm 100% 32KB 32.1KB/s 00:01

resource-agents-1.0.4-1.1.el5.i386.rpm 100% 380KB 379.5KB/s 00:00

挂载：

[root@node2 ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom

[root@node2 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only

安装软件包：

[root@node2 ~]# yum localinstall -y *.rpm –nogpgcheck

验证corosync引擎是否正常启动了：

[root@node2 corosync]# grep -i -e "corosync cluster engine" -e "configuration file" /var/log/messages

查看初始化成员节点通知是否发出：

[root@node2 corosync]# grep -i totem /var/log/messages

检查过程中是否有错误产生：

[root@node1 corosync]# grep -i error: /var/log/messages |grep -v unpack_resources

检查pacemaker是否已经启动：

[root@node2 corosync]# grep -i pcmk_startup /var/log/messages

查看群集成员状态：

[root@node2 corosync]# crm status

安装web服务：

[root@node2 ~]# yum install -y httpd

[root@node2 ~]# echo "node2.a.com" >/var/www/html/index.html

DRBD配置

添加分区

[root@node2 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2610.

There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

and could in certain setups cause problems with:

1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 14 1288 10241437+ 83 Linux

/dev/sda3 1289 1386 787185 82 Linux swap / Solaris

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

e

Selected partition 4

First cylinder (1387-2610, default 1387):

Using default value 1387

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1387-2610, default 2610):

Using default value 2610

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 14 1288 10241437+ 83 Linux

/dev/sda3 1289 1386 787185 82 Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/sda4 1387 2610 9831780 5 Extended

Command (m for help): n

First cylinder (1387-2610, default 1387):

Using default value 1387

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1387-2610, default 2610): +2g

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 设备或资源忙.

The kernel still uses the old table.

The new table will be used at the next reboot.

Syncing disks.

[root@node2 ~]# partprobe /dev/sda

[root@node2 ~]# cat /proc/partitions

major minor #blocks name

8 0 20971520 sda

8 1 104391 sda1

8 2 10241437 sda2

8 3 787185 sda3

8 4 0 sda4

8 5 1959898 sda5

在节点1上做同样配置。

安装drbd，用来构建分布式存储

[root@node1 ~]# yum localinstall -y drbd83-8.3.8-1.el5.centos.i386.rpm --nogpgcheck

[root@node1 ~]# yum localinstall -y kmod-drbd83-8.3.8-1.el5.centos.i686.rpm --nogpgcheck

在节点2上做同样操作

[root@node1 ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/drbd83-8.3.8/drbd.conf /etc/

cp: overwrite `/etc/drbd.conf'? Y # 这里要选择覆盖

[root@node1 ~]# scp /etc/drbd.conf node2:/etc/

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/drbd.d/global_common.conf

1 global {

2 usage-count no;

3 # minor-count dialog-refresh disable-ip-verification

4 }

5

6 common {

7 protocol C;

8

9 startup {

10 wfc-timeout 120;

11 degr-wfc-timeout 120;

12 }

13 disk {

14 on-io-error detach;

15 fencing resource-only;

16

17 }

18 net {

19 cram-hmac-alg "sha1";

20 shared-secret "mydrbdlab";

21 } 22 syncer {

23 rate 100M;

24 }

25 }

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/drbd.d/web.res

1 resource web {

2 on node1.a.com {

3 device /dev/drbd0;

4 disk /dev/sda5;

5 address 192.168.145.10:7789;

6 meta-disk internal;

7 }

8

9 on node2.a.com {

10 device /dev/drbd0;

11 disk /dev/sda5;

12 address 192.168.145.20:7789;

13 meta-disk internal;

14 }

15 }

[root@node1 ~]# scp /etc/drbd.d/* node2:/etc/drbd.d/

初始化已定义的资源并启动服务：

[root@node1 ~]# drbdadm create-md web

[root@node2 ~]# drbdadm create-md web

[root@node1 ~]# service drbd start

[root@node2 ~]#service drbd start

设在主机点上执行

drbdadm -- --overwrite-data-of-peer primary web

创建文件系统（在主节点上实现）

mkfs -t ext3 -L drbdweb /dev/drbd0

[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /web

[root@node1 ~]# mount /dev/drbd0 /web/

echo "hello" >index.html

测试

把node1变成从的，node2 变成主的

root@node1 ~]# umount /web

[root@node1 ~]# drbdadm secondary web

[root@node1 ~]# drbdadm role web

Secondary/Secondary

在node2 节点上，

[root@node2 ~]# mkdir /web

[root@node2 ~]# drbdadm primary web

[root@node2 ~]# drbd-overview

0:web Connected Primary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate C r----

[root@node2 ~]# drbdadm role web

Primary/Secondary

[root@node2 ~]# mount /dev/drbd0 /web

[root@node2 ~]# ll /web

total 20

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6 May 7 00:46 index.html

drwx------ 2 root root 16384 May 7 00:45 lost+found

root@node2 ~]# cd /web

[root@node2 web]# vim test.html

[root@node2 ~]# umount /web

[root@node2 ~]# drbdadm secondary web

切换到node1上

[root@node1 ~]# drbdadm primary web

[root@node1 ~]# mount /dev/drbd0 /web

[root@node1 ~]# ll /web

total 24

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6 May 7 00:46 index.html

drwx------ 2 root root 16384 May 7 00:45 lost+found

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 May 7 00:58 test.html

置其中一个节点为主节点。
本文出自 “曹瑞军” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://caoruijun.blog.51cto.com/5544226/1036620