SQL Server 2008中增强的汇总技巧

基本表如下：

USE testDb2
GO

IF NOT OBJECT_ID('tb_Income') IS NULL
DROP TABLE [tb_Income]

/****** Object: Table [dbo].[tb_Income] Script Date: 2012/4/5 8:19:21 ******/

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[tb_Income](
[TeamID] int not null,
[PName] [Nvarchar](20) NOT NULL,
[CYear] Smallint NOT NULL,
[CMonth] TinyInt NOT NULL,
[CMoney] Decimal (10,2) Not Null

)

GO
INSERT [dbo].[tb_Income]
SELECT 1,'胡一刀',2011,2,5600
union ALL SELECT 1,'胡一刀',2011,1,5678
union ALL SELECT 1,'胡一刀',2011,3,6798
union ALL SELECT 2,'胡一刀',2011,4,7800
union ALL SELECT 2,'胡一刀',2011,5,8899
union ALL SELECT 3,'胡一刀',2012,8,8877

union ALL SELECT 1,'苗人凤',2011,1,3455
union ALL SELECT 1,'苗人凤',2011,2,4567
union ALL SELECT 2,'苗人凤',2011,3,5676
union ALL SELECT 3,'苗人凤',2011,4,5600
union ALL SELECT 2,'苗人凤',2011,5,6788
union ALL SELECT 2,'苗人凤',2012,6,5679
union ALL SELECT 2,'苗人凤',2012,7,6785

union ALL SELECT 2,'张无忌',2011,2,5600
union ALL SELECT 2,'张无忌',2011,3,2345
union ALL SELECT 2,'张无忌',2011,5,12000
union ALL SELECT 3,'张无忌',2011,4,23456
union ALL SELECT 3,'张无忌',2011,6,4567
union ALL SELECT 1,'张无忌',2012,7,6789
union ALL SELECT 1,'张无忌',2012,8,9998

union ALL SELECT 3,'赵半山',2011,7,6798
union ALL SELECT 3,'赵半山',2011,10,10000
union ALL SELECT 3,'赵半山',2011,9,12021
union ALL SELECT 2,'赵半山',2012,11,8799
union ALL SELECT 1,'赵半山',2012,12,10002

union ALL SELECT 3,'令狐冲',2011,8,7896
union ALL SELECT 3,'令狐冲',2011,9,7890
union ALL SELECT 2,'令狐冲',2011,10,7799
union ALL SELECT 2,'令狐冲',2011,11,9988
union ALL SELECT 2,'令狐冲',2012,9,34567
union ALL SELECT 3,'令狐冲',2012,12,5609

GO

USE testDb2
GO

IF NOT OBJECT_ID('tb_Income') IS NULL
DROP TABLE [tb_Income]

/****** Object: Table [dbo].[tb_Income] Script Date: 2012/4/5 8:19:21 ******/

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[tb_Income](
[TeamID] int not null,
[PName] [Nvarchar](20) NOT NULL,
[CYear] Smallint NOT NULL,
[CMonth] TinyInt NOT NULL,
[CMoney] Decimal (10,2) Not Null

)

GO
INSERT [dbo].[tb_Income]
SELECT 1,'胡一刀',2011,2,5600
union ALL SELECT 1,'胡一刀',2011,1,5678
union ALL SELECT 1,'胡一刀',2011,3,6798
union ALL SELECT 2,'胡一刀',2011,4,7800
union ALL SELECT 2,'胡一刀',2011,5,8899
union ALL SELECT 3,'胡一刀',2012,8,8877

union ALL SELECT 1,'苗人凤',2011,1,3455
union ALL SELECT 1,'苗人凤',2011,2,4567
union ALL SELECT 2,'苗人凤',2011,3,5676
union ALL SELECT 3,'苗人凤',2011,4,5600
union ALL SELECT 2,'苗人凤',2011,5,6788
union ALL SELECT 2,'苗人凤',2012,6,5679
union ALL SELECT 2,'苗人凤',2012,7,6785

union ALL SELECT 2,'张无忌',2011,2,5600
union ALL SELECT 2,'张无忌',2011,3,2345
union ALL SELECT 2,'张无忌',2011,5,12000
union ALL SELECT 3,'张无忌',2011,4,23456
union ALL SELECT 3,'张无忌',2011,6,4567
union ALL SELECT 1,'张无忌',2012,7,6789
union ALL SELECT 1,'张无忌',2012,8,9998

union ALL SELECT 3,'赵半山',2011,7,6798
union ALL SELECT 3,'赵半山',2011,10,10000
union ALL SELECT 3,'赵半山',2011,9,12021
union ALL SELECT 2,'赵半山',2012,11,8799
union ALL SELECT 1,'赵半山',2012,12,10002

union ALL SELECT 3,'令狐冲',2011,8,7896
union ALL SELECT 3,'令狐冲',2011,9,7890
union ALL SELECT 2,'令狐冲',2011,10,7799
union ALL SELECT 2,'令狐冲',2011,11,9988
union ALL SELECT 2,'令狐冲',2012,9,34567
union ALL SELECT 3,'令狐冲',2012,12,5609

GO

复制代码

数据如下：

SELECT * FROM tb_Income

/*

TeamID PName CYear CMonth CMoney
1 胡一刀 2011 2 5600.00
1 胡一刀 2011 1 5678.00
1 胡一刀 2011 3 6798.00
2 胡一刀 2011 4 7800.00
2 胡一刀 2011 5 8899.00
3 胡一刀 2012 8 8877.00
1 苗人凤 2011 1 3455.00
1 苗人凤 2011 2 4567.00
2 苗人凤 2011 3 5676.00
3 苗人凤 2011 4 5600.00
2 苗人凤 2011 5 6788.00
2 苗人凤 2012 6 5679.00
2 苗人凤 2012 7 6785.00
2 张无忌 2011 2 5600.00
2 张无忌 2011 3 2345.00
2 张无忌 2011 5 12000.00
3 张无忌 2011 4 23456.00
3 张无忌 2011 6 4567.00
1 张无忌 2012 7 6789.00
1 张无忌 2012 8 9998.00
3 赵半山 2011 7 6798.00
3 赵半山 2011 10 10000.00
3 赵半山 2011 9 12021.00
2 赵半山 2012 11 8799.00
1 赵半山 2012 12 10002.00
3 令狐冲 2011 8 7896.00
3 令狐冲 2011 9 7890.00
2 令狐冲 2011 10 7799.00
2 令狐冲 2011 11 9988.00
2 令狐冲 2012 9 34567.00
3 令狐冲 2012 12 5609.00
*/

复制代码

一、使用CUBE汇总数据（http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb522495%28v=sql.105%29.aspx）

小试牛刀，

/*********使用CUBE汇总数据***************/

/********* 3w@live.cn 邀月***************/
SELECT TeamID as 小组ID,
SUM(CMoney) 总收入
FROM tb_Income
GROUP BY CUBE (TeamID)
----ORDER BY TeamID desc

复制代码



改进查询：

SELECT TeamID as 小组ID,PName as 姓名,
SUM(CMoney) 总收入
FROM tb_Income
GROUP BY CUBE (TeamID,PName)

复制代码



二、使用ROLLUP汇总数据（http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb522495%28v=sql.105%29.aspx）

/*********使用ROLLUP汇总数据***************/

/********* 3w@live.cn 邀月***************/

SELECT TeamID as 小组ID,PName as 姓名,
SUM(CMoney) 总收入
FROM tb_Income
GROUP BY ROLLUP (TeamID,PName)

复制代码



注意：使用Rollup与指定的聚合列的顺序有关。

三、使用Grouping Sets创建自定义汇总数据（http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb522495%28v=sql.105%29.aspx）

除了Cube和Rollup，还有更加灵活强大的自定义集合汇总－－Grouping Sets

/*********使用Grouping Sets创建自定义汇总数据***************/

/********* 3w@live.cn 邀月***************/

SELECT TeamID as 小组ID,PName as 姓名,CYear as 年份,----min(CMonth) as 月份,
SUM(CMoney) 总收入
FROM tb_Income
Where CMonth=2
GROUP BY grouping SETS ((TeamID),(TeamID,PName),(CYear,PName))

复制代码



四、使用Grouping标识汇总行（http://technet.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms178544.aspx）

细心的朋友可能会注意到，如果Cube后有两个以上的汇总列时，可能会有一些列是Null,那么这些Null值究竟本身就是Null,还是由于聚合产生的Null呢，此时，GroupingID函数大显身手的机会来了。

/*********使用Grouping标识汇总行***************/

/********* 3w@live.cn 邀月***************/
SELECT TeamID as 小组ID,CYear as 年份,
CASE WHEN grouping(TeamID)=0 AND grouping(CYear)=1 THEN '小组汇总'
WHEN grouping(TeamID)=1 AND grouping(CYear)=0 THEN '年份汇总'
WHEN grouping(TeamID)=1 AND grouping(CYear)=1 THEN '所有汇总'
else '正常行' END as 行类别,
SUM(CMoney) 总收入
FROM tb_Income
GROUP BY CUBE (TeamID,CYear)

复制代码

结果：



其实，还有更复杂的Grouping_ID，不过，一般情况下用不到，需要的同学，请看MSDN:

http://technet.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/bb510624.aspx

小结：带有Cube,Rollup,grouping Sets的Group By函数在统计与分析中有着广泛的应用，相信它的高效简捷，在特定的场合会令人你爱不释手！