获取网卡信息

在Windows中获取网络适配器相关信息是很方便的，可以通过GetAdaptersInfo函数获取并保存在IP_ADAPTER_INFO结构体中，再对结构休进行解析得到适配器信息。有关函数和结构体的详细说明可以参考MSDN，这里就不再复述。下面直接给出具体示例程序。

//引入头文件
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <IPHlpApi.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "Iphlpapi.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "WS2_32.lib")
 
int main()   
{
	PIP_ADAPTER_INFO pAdapterInfo = NULL;
	ULONG uLen = 0;
	//为适配器结构申请内存
	GetAdaptersInfo(pAdapterInfo, &uLen);
	pAdapterInfo = (PIP_ADAPTER_INFO)GlobalAlloc(GPTR, uLen);
	//取得本地适配器结构信息
	DWORD dwRes = GetAdaptersInfo(pAdapterInfo, &uLen);
	if(ERROR_SUCCESS == dwRes) //正确获取适配器信息
	{
		//解析适配器结构体输出适配器信息
		while(pAdapterInfo)
		{
			//适配器名称
			printf("The name of the adapter : %s\n", pAdapterInfo->AdapterName);
			//适配器描述信息
			printf("The description for the adapter : %s\n", pAdapterInfo->Description);
			//硬件地址长度
			printf("The length of the hardware address for the adapter : %d\n", pAdapterInfo->AddressLength);
			//硬件地址
			printf("The hardware address of adapter : ");
			for(UINT i = 0; i < pAdapterInfo->AddressLength; i++)
			{
				if(i == pAdapterInfo->AddressLength - 1)
				{
					printf("%02x", pAdapterInfo->Address[i]);
				}
				else
				{
					printf("%02x-", pAdapterInfo->Address[i]);
				}
			}

			IP_ADDR_STRING *pAddrString = &(pAdapterInfo->IpAddressList);
			while(pAddrString)
			{
				//适配器配置的IP地址
				printf("The IP address for this adapter : %s\n", pAddrString->IpAddress.String);
				//适配器配置的子网掩码地址
				printf("The mask address for this adapter : %s\n", pAddrString->IpMask.String);
				pAddrString = pAddrString->Next;
			}

			pAddrString = &(pAdapterInfo->GatewayList);
			while(pAddrString)
			{
				//适配器配置的默认网关地址
				printf("The default gateway for this adapter : %s\n", pAddrString->IpAddress.String);
				pAddrString = pAddrString->Next;
			}

			pAdapterInfo = pAdapterInfo->Next;
		}
	}
	//未能正确获取适配器信息时的返回值，打印的内容是对应的错误信息描述
	else if(ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW == dwRes)
	{
		printf("The buffer size indicated by the pOutBufLen parameter is too \n");
		printf("small to hold the adapter information. The pOutBufLen parameter points to the required size.\n");
	}
	else if(ERROR_INVALID_DATA == dwRes)
	{
		printf("The pOutBufLen parameter is NULL, or the calling process does not ");
		printf("have read/write access to the memory pointed to by pOutBufLen, or ");
		printf("the calling process does not have write access to the memory pointed to by the pAdapterInfo parameter.\n");
	}
	else if(ERROR_NO_DATA == dwRes)
	{
		printf("No adapter information exists for the local computer.\n");
	}
	else if(ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED == dwRes)
	{
		printf("GetAdaptersInfo is not supported by the operating system running on the local computer.\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("Can't get information about adapter.\n");
	}

        return 0;
}

结构体中还有其他适配器信息在上述程序中没有解析，但是都可以根据需要做相应解析。