Visual Studio 调试技巧[Command Window & Immediate Window ](Tips)

Visual Studio 调试技巧[Command Window & Immediate Window ](Tips)

1. immediate window 定义的一些 alias （//z 2012-3-13 14:04:44 PM IS2120@CSDN）

alias ? Debug.Print

alias ?? Debug.QuickWatch

alias AddProj File.AddNewProject

alias alias Tools.Alias

alias autos Debug.Autos

alias bl Debug.Breakpoints

alias bp Debug.ToggleBreakpoint

alias callstack Debug.CallStack

alias ClearBook Edit.ClearBookmarks

alias close File.Close

alias CloseAll Window.CloseAllDocuments

alias cls Edit.ClearAll

alias cmd View.CommandWindow

alias code View.ViewCode

alias d Debug.ListMemory

alias da Debug.ListMemory /Ansi

alias db Debug.ListMemory /Format:OneByte

alias dc Debug.ListMemory /Format:FourBytes /Ansi

alias dd Debug.ListMemory /Format:FourBytes

alias DelBOL Edit.DeleteToBOL

alias DelEOL Edit.DeleteToEOL

alias DelHSp Edit.DeleteHorizontalWhiteSpace

alias designer View.ViewDesigner

alias df Debug.ListMemory /Format:Float

alias disasm Debug.Disassembly

alias dq Debug.ListMemory /Format:EightBytes

alias du Debug.ListMemory /Unicode

alias eval Debug.EvaluateStatement

alias exit File.Exit

alias format Edit.FormatSelection

alias FullScreen View.FullScreen

alias g Debug.Start

alias GotoBrace Edit.GotoBrace

alias GotoLn Edit.GoTo

alias help Help.F1Help

alias immed Tools.ImmediateMode

alias InsertFile Edit.InsertFileAsText

alias k Debug.ListCallStack

alias kb Debug.ListCallStack

alias Lcase Edit.MakeLowercase

alias LineCut Edit.LineCut

alias LineDel Edit.LineDelete

alias ListMembers Edit.ListMembers

alias locals Debug.Locals

alias log Tools.LogCommandWindowOutput

alias memory memory1

alias memory1 Debug.Memory1

alias memory2 Debug.Memory2

alias memory3 Debug.Memory3

alias memory4 Debug.Memory4

alias n Debug.SetRadix

alias nav navigate

alias navigate View.WebBrowser

alias new File.NewFile

alias NewProj File.NewProject

alias NextBook Edit.NextBookmark

alias nf File.NewFile

alias np File.NewProject

alias of File.OpenFile

alias op File.OpenProject

alias open File.OpenFile

alias OutlineDefs Edit.CollapsetoDefinitions

alias p Debug.StepOver

alias ParamInfo Edit.ParameterInfo

alias pr Debug.StepOut

alias PrevBook Edit.PreviousBookmark

alias print File.Print

alias props View.PropertiesWindow

alias q Debug.StopDebugging

alias r Debug.ListRegisters

alias redo Edit.Redo

alias registers Debug.Registers

alias rtc Debug.RunToCursor

alias save File.SaveSelectedItems

alias SaveAll File.SaveAll

alias SaveAs File.SaveSelectedItemsAs

alias shell Tools.Shell

alias StopFind Edit.FindInFiles /stop

alias StopOutlining Edit.CollapsetoDefinitions

alias SwapAnchor Edit.SwapAnchor

alias t Debug.StepInto

alias tabify Edit.TabifySelectedLines

alias TaskList View.TaskList

alias threads Debug.Threads

alias TileH Window.TileHorizontally

alias TileV Window.TileVertically

alias ToggleBook Edit.ToggleBookmark

alias toolbox View.Toolbox

alias u Debug.ListDisassembly

alias Ucase Edit.MakeUppercase

alias undo Edit.Undo

alias Untabify Edit.UntabifySelectedLines

alias watch Debug.Watch

alias WordWrap Edit.ToggleWordWrap

alias | Debug.ListProcesses

alias ~ Debug.ListThreads

alias ~*k Debug.ListCallStack /AllThreads

alias ~*kb Debug.ListCallStack /AllThreads

//z 2012-3-13 14:04:44 PM IS2120@CSDN

2. 两个窗口的相互切换

Task	Solution	Example
Evaluate an expression.	Preface the expression with a question mark (?).	? a+b
Temporarily enter Command mode while in Immediate mode (to execute a single command).	Enter the command, prefacing it with a greater than sign (>).	>alias
Switch to the Command window.	Enter cmd into the window, prefacing it with a greater than sign (>).	>cmd
Switch back to the Immediate window.	Enter immed into the window without the greater than sign (>).	immed

3. Command Window

The Command window is used to execute commands or aliases directly in the Visual Studio integrated development environment (IDE). You can execute both menu commands and commands that do not appear on any menu. To display theCommand
window, choose Other Windows from theView menu, and select
Command Window.

This section explains the commands and aliases available from the
Command window.

Task	Solution	Example
Evaluate an expression.	Preface the expression with a question mark (?).	? myvar
Switch to an Immediate window.	Enter immed into the window without the greater than sign (>)	immed
Switch back to the Command window from an Immediate window.	Enter cmd into the window.	>cmd

The following shortcuts help you navigate while in Command mode.

4. 等号在两个窗口的含义是不一样的

在COMMAND窗口，作为一个比较字符串，而在immediate window 作为一个赋值操作符

The Equals (=) Sign

The window used to enter the EvaluateStatement command determines whether an equals sign (=) is interpreted as a comparison operator or as an assignment operator.

In the Command window, an equals sign (=) is interpreted as a comparison operator. You cannot use assignment operators in theCommand window. So, for example, if the values of variablesvarA
and varB are different, then the command

>Debug.EvaluateStatement(varA=varB)

will return a value of False.

In the Immediate window, by contrast, an equals sign (=) is interpreted as an assignment operator. So, for example, the command

>Debug.EvaluateStatement(varA=varB)

will assign to variable varA the value of variable
varB.

5. 预定义的一些命令别名

Command Name	Alias	Complete Name
Print Command	?	Debug.Print
Quick Watch Command	??	Debug.Quickwatch
Add New Project	AddProj	File.AddNewProject
Alias Command	Alias	Tools.Alias
Autos window	Autos	Debug.Autos
Breakpoints window	bl	Debug.Breakpoints
Toggle Breakpoint	bp	Debug.ToggleBreakPoint
Call Stack window	CallStack	Debug.CallStack
Clear Bookmarks	ClearBook	Edit.ClearBookmarks
Close	Close	File.Close
Close All Documents	CloseAll	Window.CloseAllDocuments
Clear All	cls	Edit.ClearAll
Command mode	cmd	View.CommandWindow
View Code	code	View.ViewCode
List Memory Command	d	Debug.ListMemory
List Memory Command as ANSI	da	Debug.ListMemory /Ansi
List Memory Command One Byte format	db	Debug.ListMemory /Format:OneByte
List Memory Command as ANSI with Four Byte format	dc	Debug.ListMemory /Format:FourBytes /Ansi
List Memory Command Four Byte format	dd	Debug.ListMemory /Format:FourBytes
Delete to BOL	DelBOL	Edit.DeleteToBOL
Delete to EOL	DelEOL	Edit.DeleteToEOL
Delete Horizontal Whitespace	DelHSp	Edit.DeleteHorizontalWhitespace
View Designer	designer	View.ViewDesigner
List Memory Command Float format	df	Debug.ListMemory/Format:Float
Disassembly window	disasm	Debug.Disassembly
List Memory Command Eight Byte format	dq	Debug.ListMemory /Format:EightBytes
List Memory Command as Unicode	du	Debug.ListMemory /Unicode
Evaluate Statement Command	eval	Debug.EvaluateStatement
Exit	Exit	File.Exit
Format Selection	format	Edit.FormatSelection
Full Screen	FullScreen	View.FullScreen
Start Command	g	Debug.Start
Go To Command	GotoLn	Edit.GoTo
Go to Brace	GotoBrace	Edit.GotoBrace
F1Help	Help	Help.F1Help
Immediate Mode	immed	Tools.ImmediateMode
Insert File as Text	InsertFile	Edit.InsertFileAsText
List Call Stack Command	kb	Debug.ListCallStack
Make Lower Case	Lcase	Edit.MakeLowercase
Cut Line	LineCut	Edit.LineCut
Delete Line	LineDel	Edit.LineDelete
List Members	ListMembers	Edit.ListMembers
Locals window	Locals	Debug.Locals
Log Command Window Output Command	Log	Tools.LogCommandWindowOutput
Command Window Mark Mode	mark	Tools.CommandWindowMarkMode
Memory window	Memory Memory1	Debug.Memory1
Memory Window 2	Memory2	Debug.Memory2
Memory Window 3	Memory3	Debug.Memory3
Memory Window 4	Memory4	Debug.Memory4
Set Radix Command	n	Debug.SetRadix
ShowWebBrowser Command	nav navigate	View.ShowWebBrowser
Next Bookmark	NextBook	Edit.NextBookmark
New File Command	nf	File.NewFile
New Project	np NewProj	File.NewProject
Open File Command	of Open	File.OpenFile
Open Project Command	op	File.OpenProject
Collapse to Definitions/Stop Outlining	OutlineDefs StopOutlining	Edit.CollapsetoDefinitions
Step Over	p	Debug.StepOver
Parameter Information	ParamInfo	Edit.ParameterInfo
Step Out	pr	Debug.StepOut
Previous Bookmark	PrevBook	Edit.PreviousBookmark
Print File	print	File.Print
Properties Window	props	View.PropertiesWindow
Stop	q	Debug.StopDebugging
Redo	redo	Edit.Redo
Registers window	registers	Debug.Registers
Run to Cursor	rtc	Debug.RunToCursor
Save Selected Items	save	File.SaveSelectedItems
Save All	SaveAll	File.SaveAll
Save As	SaveAs	File.SaveSelectedItemsAs
Shell Command	shell	Tools.Shell
Stop Find In Files	StopFind	Edit.FindInFiles /stop
Swap Anchor	SwapAnchor	Edit.SwapAnchor
Step Into	t	Debug.StepInto
Tabify Selection	tabify	Edit.TabifySelection
Tasklist window	TaskList	View.TaskList
Threads window	Threads	Debug.Threads
Tile Horizontally	TileH	Window.TileHorizontally
Tile Vertically	TileV	Window.TileVertically
Toggle Bookmark	ToggleBook	Edit.ToggleBookmark
Toolbox window	toolbox	View.Toolbox
List Disassembly Command	u	Debug.ListDisassembly
Make Uppercase	Ucase	Edit.MakeUppercase
Undo	undo	Edit.Undo
Untabify Selection	Untabify	Edit.UntabifySelection
Watch window	Watch	Debug.WatchN
Toggle Word Wrap	WordWrap	Edit.ToggleWordWrap
List Processes	|	Debug.ListProcesses
List Threads Command	~ ~*k ~*kb	Debug.ListThreads Debug.ListTheads /AllThreads

6. 对别名的一些操作

To create an alias for a Visual Studio command

Open the Command window or place the focus in the
Find/Command box.

Type >alias, then the name for the alias, followed by the command you want to create an alias for. For example:

>alias MyAlias File.NewFile MyFile

Press ENTER.

The status bar displays the text "Alias <aliasname> created". The new alias now appears in the auto-completion list for commands.

To delete an alias for a Visual Studio command

Open the Command window or place the focus in the
Find/Command box.

Type >alias, then the name of the alias, followed by/delete. For example:

>alias myalias /delete

Press ENTER.

The status bar displays the text "Alias <aliasname> deleted".

To view a list of all current aliases and their definitions

In the Command window, type >alias and press ENTER.

A list of the current Visual Studio command aliases appears, including the definitions for the aliases. You can then print the contents of theCommand window.

Tip
To clear the contents of the Command window, type >cls.

To view the definition for a single alias

In the Command window, type >alias followed by the alias name.

7. immediate window 在各个VS版本的支持程度 （//z 2012-3-13 14:04:44 PM IS2120@CSDN）

Visual Studio Edition	Visual Basic	C#	C++	J#
Express	No	No	No	No
Standard	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
Pro/Team	Yes	Yes	No	Yes