mac 下的应用程序发布 及 打包

其实这个问题在网上能搜到大把的解决方案。大家的统一答案都是

otool -L yourapp.app/Contents/MacOS/yourapp

根据输出信息在运行 install_name_tool

install_name_tool的使用方法在这里

比较复杂的是当依赖了很多第三方库，尤其是向QT这样的库的时候。打包那叫一个麻烦啊。

QT有个官方的文档告诉你如何手动一步步打包程序，还提供了一个macdepotqt这么个程序。帮你进行打包。

可是啊，macdepotqt不支持其他第三方库，也不灵活，按照官方文档的方式手动打包，坑爹啊。

说他坑爹一点都不假，当你遇到了成片的符号需要你敲命令的话，想死的心情油然而生。

那么好了。自己动手吧。这里我给出一个我写的打包的python脚本半成品,思想跟手动敲命令是一样的，只不过用脚本实现自动化了同时递归检查并将缺少的库考到bundle目录中。脚本中针对QT的库进行打包了，如果希望把其他的依赖库也打包的话在keywordList里边添加相应的关键字就好了。希望对大家能有帮助。

import os
import sys
import commands
binaryName = "yourapp"
bundleName = "yourapp.app"
bundleFrameworkDir = "Contents/Frameworks/"
bundleBinaryDir = "Contents/MacOS/"
bundleLibraryList = [];
systemFrameworkDir = "/Library/Frameworks/"
keyWordList = ["Qt"]
#add more keywords to work better

def hasKeyWord(word):
for it in keyWordList:
if word.find(it) != -1:
return True
return False

def findApp(name):
return name+bundleBinaryDir+binaryName

def getBundleDependsInfo(app):
dependList = commands.getoutput("otool -L " + app).replace("\t","").split("\n");
del(dependList[0])
dependList = [item.split(" ")[0] for item in dependList if hasKeyWord(item)];
return dependList

def copyLibrary(base, src, dst):
systemFullPath = src
print "library %s depend %s" % (os.path.basename(base), os.path.basename(dst))
if not os.path.exists(dst):
bundleFullPath = os.path.dirname(dst)
os.system("mkdir -p %s" % (bundleFullPath))
os.system("cp %s %s" % (systemFullPath, bundleFullPath))
infoList = getBundleDependsInfo(dst)
copyDependFiles(dst, infoList)
os.system("install_name_tool -id @executable_path/../Frameworks/%s %s" % (src, dst))
os.system("install_name_tool -change %s @executable_path/../Frameworks/%s %s" % (src, src, base))

def getFrameworkName(dirname):
if dirname.find("framework") == -1:
return
while not dirname.endswith("framework"):
dirname = os.path.dirname(dirname)
return dirname

def copyFrameworkExtDir(src):
sysPath = systemFrameworkDir + src
destPath = ""
if not os.path.exists(sysPath):
return
frameworkPath = getFrameworkName(sysPath)
frameWorkName = getFrameworkName(src)
bundlePath = bundleName + "/" + bundleFrameworkDir + frameWorkName + "/"
for it in bundleFrameworkExtDir:
destPath = bundlePath + it
srcPath = frameworkPath + "/" + it
if not os.path.exists(destPath) and os.path.exists(srcPath):
print "copying %s %s" % (frameWorkName, it)
os.system("cp -r %s %s" % (srcPath, destPath))

def copyFramework(base, src, dst):
print "framework %s depend %s" % (os.path.basename(base), os.path.basename(dst))
systemFullPath = systemFrameworkDir+src
if not os.path.exists(dst):
bundleFullPath = os.path.dirname(dst)
os.system("mkdir -p %s" % (bundleFullPath))
os.system("cp %s %s" % (systemFullPath, bundleFullPath))
copyFrameworkExtDir(src)
infoList = getBundleDependsInfo(dst)
copyDependFiles(dst, infoList)
("install_name_tool -id @executable_path/../Frameworks/%s %s" % (src, dst))
os.system("install_name_tool -id @executable_path/../Frameworks/%s %s" % (src, dst))
os.system("install_name_tool -change %s @executable_path/../Frameworks/%s %s" % (src, src, base))

def copyDependFiles(base, infoList):
targetDir = ""
for it in infoList:
targetDir = bundleName + "/" + bundleFrameworkDir + it
if it.find("framework") != -1:
copyFramework(base, it, targetDir)
else:
copyLibrary(base, it, targetDir)

def makeBundleDirs():
os.system("mkdir -p " + bundleName + "/" + bundleFrameworkDir)

if __name__ == "__main__":
target = findApp(bundleName + "/")
makeBundleDirs()
infoList = getBundleDependsInfo(target)
copyDependFiles(target, infoList)