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Neo4j:使用Ruby实现社交网站好友推荐

2012-02-14 10:12 537 查看
Neo4j是一个面向网络的数据库,即一个嵌入式的、基于磁盘的、具备完全的事务特性的Java持久化引擎,但是它将结构化数据存储在网络上而不是表中。Neo4j也可以被看作是一个高性能的图引擎,该引擎具有成熟数据库的所有特性。程序员工作在一个面向对象的、灵活的网络结构下而不是严格、静态的表中——但是他们可以享受到具备完全的事务特性、企业级的数据库的所有好处。

  Neo4j因其嵌入式、高性能、轻量级等优势,越来越受到关注。今天将为大家介绍如何开始学习Neo4j和Ruby,当然这是非常简单的开始。按照下面的步骤进行,你将在很短的时间内学会Neo4j。

  首先,需要安装neography gem:

  使用Bundler工具,代码如下:

echo "source 'http://rubygems.org'

gem 'neography' " > Gemfile

bundle install

  不使用Bundler工具,代码如下:

  gem install neography

  然后,将任务添加到Rakefile里,下载Neo4j并启动:

echo "require 'neography/tasks'" >> Rakefile

rake neo4j:install

rake neo4j:start

  图形数据库应用

  比如,在社交网站上好友推荐就是个不错的应用,代码如下:

require 'rubygems'

require 'neography'

@neo = Neography::Rest.new

def create_person(name)

@neo.create_node("name" => name)

end

def make_mutual_friends(node1, node2)

@neo.create_relationship("friends", node1, node2)

@neo.create_relationship("friends", node2, node1)

end

def suggestions_for(node)

@neo.traverse(node,

"nodes",

{"order" => "breadth first",

"uniqueness" => "node global",

"relationships" => {"type"=> "friends",

"direction" => "in"},

"return filter" => {"language" => "javascript",

"body" => "position.length() == 2;"},

"depth" => 2}).map{|n| n["data"]["name"]}.join(', ')

end

johnathan = create_person('Johnathan')

mark = create_person('Mark')

phil = create_person('Phil')

mary = create_person('Mary')

luke = create_person('Luke')

make_mutual_friends(johnathan, mark)

make_mutual_friends(mark, mary)

make_mutual_friends(mark, phil)

make_mutual_friends(phil, mary)

make_mutual_friends(phil, luke)

puts "Johnathan should become friends with #{suggestions_for(johnathan)}"

# RESULT

# Johnathan should become friends with Mary, Phil

  我们将一步步的介绍以上代码:

  首先提取gems,得到Neography连接到Neo4j服务器的一个实例,代码如下:

require 'rubygems'

require 'neography'

@neo = Neography::Rest.new

  然后编写函数,方便创建拥有name属性的节点,代码如下:

def create_person(name)

@neo.create_node("name" => name)

end

  另外创建一个函数,将两个节点关联起来。

  在Neo4j中所有的关系都有方向,因此,在社交网站中如果两个人有共同的好友,就需要创建了两个关系——传入和传出,代码如下:

def make_mutual_friends(node1, node2)

@neo.create_relationship("friends", node1, node2)

@neo.create_relationship("friends", node2, node1)

end

  接下来是最有趣的部分,代码如何实现为你推荐好友的好友:

  将一个用户作为起点,沿着两个好友关系找到他们的好友并返回结果。

def suggestions_for(node)

@neo.traverse(node,

"nodes",

{"order" => "breadth first",

"uniqueness" => "node global",

"relationships" => {"type"=> "friends",

"direction" => "in"},

"return filter" => {"language" => "javascript",

"body" => "position.length() == 2;"},

"depth" => 2}).map{|n| n["data"]["name"]}.join(', ')

end

  创建小规模的好友集合并将它们联系在一起,来进行此次测试:

johnathan = create_person('Johnathan')

mark = create_person('Mark')

phil = create_person('Phil')

mary = create_person('Mary')

luke = create_person('Luke')

make_mutual_friends(johnathan, mark)

make_mutual_friends(mark, mary)

make_mutual_friends(mark, phil)

make_mutual_friends(phil, mary)

make_mutual_friends(phil, luke)

puts "Johnathan should become friends with #{suggestions_for(johnathan)}"

# RESULT

# Johnathan should become friends with Mary, Phil

  这很简单吧?neography工作在Neo4j REST API的水平,但也提供了一个额外的层,涉及ruby的语法糖。

require 'rubygems'

require 'neography'

def create_person(name)

Neography::Node.create("name" => name)

end

johnathan = create_person('Johnathan')

mark = create_person('Mark')

phil = create_person('Phil')

mary = create_person('Mary')

luke = create_person('Luke')

johnathan.both(:friends) << mark

mark.both(:friends) << mary

mark.both(:friends) << phil

phil.both(:friends) << mary

phil.both(:friends) << luke

def suggestions_for(node)

node.incoming(:friends).

order("breadth first").

uniqueness("node global").

filter("position.length() == 2;").

depth(2).

map{|n| n.name }.join(', ')

end

puts "Johnathan should become friends with #{suggestions_for(johnathan)}"

# RESULT

# Johnathan should become friends with Mary, Phil
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