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【WCF】使用数字证书加密通讯

2012-02-01 10:39 417 查看

【WCF】使用数字证书加密通讯

WCF使用证书非常简便，很多事情WCF都帮做好了，例如证书的检查，证书链的检查，加密解密消息的过程等，甚至证书交换和分发也帮搞定了。配置使用证书大致就下面这几个步骤：

1. 分别给服务端和客户端申请数字证书，安装在各自的私人证书库(Personal)中。客户端启动后，WCF会默认到该库查找WCF客户端的数字证书。

2. 将服务端的数字证书导出，安装到客户端系统的可信人员证书库(Trusted People)中。客户端启动后，WCF默认会到该库查找WCF服务的数字证书。

3. 服务宿主配置文件修改如下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<system.web>

</system.web>

<system.serviceModel>

<service name="CertificateTest.Service.CalService"

behaviorConfiguration="CalServiceBeConfig">

<host>

</baseAddresses>

</host>

<endpoint address ="CalService"

binding="wsHttpBinding"

contract="CertificateTest.Contract.ICalService">

</identity>

</endpoint>

</service>

</services>

<serviceCertificate findValue="d7a95083f6c5d13c20e6a962d338a2ebea055c9c"

storeLocation="CurrentUser"

storeName="My"

x509FindType="FindByThumbprint"/>

</serviceCredentials>

</behavior>

</serviceBehaviors>

</behaviors>

</system.serviceModel>

</configuration>

4. 客户端配置文件如下。Behavior中加了个clientVia是为了进行消息跟踪。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<system.serviceModel>

<clientCertificate

findValue="ffd01fef0293e479a3d170a141522e8ce1fdded4"

storeLocation="CurrentUser"

storeName="My"

x509FindType="FindByThumbprint"/>

</clientCredentials>

</behavior>

</endpointBehaviors>

</behaviors>

<endpoint address="http://192.168.1.167:8888/CalService"

binding="wsHttpBinding"

contract="CertificateTest.Contract.ICalService"

behaviorConfiguration="clientBeh"

name="defaultEP">

</endpoint>

</client>

</system.serviceModel>

</configuration>

关于客户端证书配置，不用显式指定证书的位置，甚至不用指定使用数字证书也是可以的，只要把客户端证书导入到私人证书库里就可以了。WCF会自动协商使用证书，并到上面提到证书库中去查找证书进行交换。配置如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<system.serviceModel>

</behavior>

</endpointBehaviors>

</behaviors>

<endpoint address="http://192.168.1.167:8888/CalService"

binding="wsHttpBinding"

contract="CertificateTest.Contract.ICalService"

behaviorConfiguration="clientBeh"

name="defaultEP">

</endpoint>

</client>

</system.serviceModel>

</configuration>

下面是源码，很简单的加法例子。
WCF契约部分代码：

using System;

using System.Runtime.Serialization;

using System.ServiceModel;

namespace CertificateTest.Contract

{

[ServiceContract]

public interface ICalService

{

[OperationContract]

int Add(int a, int b);

}

}

WCF服务器部分代码：

using System;

using System.Runtime.Serialization;

using System.ServiceModel;

using CertificateTest.Contract;

namespace CertificateTest.Service

{

public class CalService : ICalService

{

public int Add(int a, int b)

{

return a + b;

}

}

WCF宿主部分代码：

using System;

using System.ServiceModel;

using CertificateTest.Service;

using CertificateTest.Contract;

namespace CertificateTest.Host

{

class Program

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

using (ServiceHost host

= new ServiceHost(typeof(CertificateTest.Service.CalService)))

{

host.Opened+=delegate

{

Console.WriteLine("The service is openning.");

};

host.Open();

Console.Read();

}

}

WCF客户端部分代码：

using System;

using System.ServiceModel;

using CertificateTest.Contract;

namespace CertificateTest.Client

{

class Program

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

using (CalClient client = new CalClient())

{

Console.WriteLine("100+200={0}", client.Add(100, 200));

}

class CalClient : ClientBase<ICalService>, ICalService

{

public CalClient()

: base()

{ }

public int Add(int a, int b)

{

return this.Channel.Add(a, b);

}

}

下面是用星际强度密钥加密后的SOAP消息密文，用tcpTrace抓的。

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Content-Length: 2858

Content-Type: application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8

Server: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/1.0

Date: Thu, 29 Jan 2009 15:55:03 GMT

<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing" xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd">

<s:Header>

<a:Action s:mustUnderstand="1" u:Id="_1">http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/trust/RSTR/SCT/Cancel</a:Action>

<a:RelatesTo u:Id="_2">urn:uuid:58e87213-f5cc-4541-9d45-0a880db9ed24</a:RelatesTo>

<o:Security s:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns:o="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd">

<u:Timestamp u:Id="uuid-3393524a-cd23-4a9b-8dde-01bf7d124715-72">

<u:Created>2009-01-29T15:55:03.390Z</u:Created>

<u:Expires>2009-01-29T16:00:03.390Z</u:Expires>

</u:Timestamp>

<c:DerivedKeyToken u:Id="uuid-3393524a-cd23-4a9b-8dde-01bf7d124715-67" xmlns:c="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/sc">

<o:SecurityTokenReference>

<o:Reference URI="urn:uuid:74031c45-64e6-4dd2-afaf-d351503f8557" ValueType="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/sc/sct"/>

</o:SecurityTokenReference>

<c:Offset>0</c:Offset>

<c:Length>24</c:Length>

<c:Nonce>RhG3GrRz7LzSyQG2J6y4QQ==</c:Nonce>

</c:DerivedKeyToken>

</Transforms>

<DigestValue>BXF6YVgC7GaFcATWlFL6EsPDNMk=</DigestValue>

</Reference>

</Transforms>

<DigestValue>Co+CdLM6yrXJYKmiLC3jm2Mbk1E=</DigestValue>

</Reference>

</Transforms>

<DigestValue>lP2tDfmzac97N49n0kAJ/q55Qd0=</DigestValue>

</Reference>

</Transforms>

<DigestValue>zSNOO+zcFHJ+By95A6rYCASaODE=</DigestValue>

</Reference>

</SignedInfo>

<SignatureValue>p6WT2z73qpigpEoCd56LHCmC+OY=</SignatureValue>

<o:SecurityTokenReference>

<o:Reference ValueType="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/sc/dk" URI="#uuid-3393524a-cd23-4a9b-8dde-01bf7d124715-67"/>

</o:SecurityTokenReference>

</KeyInfo>

</Signature>

</o:Security>

</s:Header>

<s:Body u:Id="_0">

<t:RequestSecurityTokenResponse xmlns:t="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/trust">

<t:RequestedTokenCancelled></t:RequestedTokenCancelled>

</t:RequestSecurityTokenResponse>

</s:Body>

</s:Envelope>

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