QTP - 23 (Working with MS Excel) QTP与Excel交互

23 Working with MS Excel

Concepts

Excel provides methods for automation by COM interface.

Application – The Main object which references the Excelapplication itself.

Workbooks – The object references a collection of currentlyopened Excel Workbooks

Workbook – The object references a single open Excelworkbook

The same way to Worksheets & Worksheet.

The Excel Automation Object Model:

Application Workbooks (Workbook) Names (Name) Worksheets (Worksheet) Names (Name) Range

项目经验：在QTP安装目录的CodeSamplesPlus的子目录下，有UsingExcel.vbs的文件，提供QTP与Excel交互的功能代码示例。

0.Example -- Add or open an Excel File

'Add or open an Excel File

Dim xlApp, sSourceFile, fso

sSourceFile = "C:\frank.xls"

Set fso =CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

bFileExsit = fso.FileExists(sSourceFile)

print "File Exsit : " & sSourceFile &"=="& bFileExsit



Set xlApp = CreateObject("Excel.Application")

xlApp.Visible = True



If bFileExsit Then

SetxlWorkBook = xlApp.Workbooks.Open(sSourceFile)

Else

SetxlWorkBook = xlApp.Workbooks.Add

End If



'Add new worksheet like: Set xlWorkSheet = xlWorkBook.Worksheets.Add

‘Or Open a worksheet

Set xlWorkSheet = xlWorkBook.Worksheets("Sheet1")

xlWorkSheet.Cells(1,2) = "This is new addedcontent"



If bFileExsit Then

xlWorkBook.Save

Else

xlWorkBook.SaveAssSourceFile

End If



xlWorkBook.Close

xlApp.Quit 'Terminalthe Excel instance

Set xlWorkBook = Nothing

Set xlWorkSheet = Nothing

Set xlApp = Nothing 'Destroythe Excel instance

'============================================================================

1. Example – Access all non-blank row values in aspecific column

Thereare 2 methods to do it.

Method 1 : loop each cell in a selected column and stop when a blank valueis encountered.

While xlWorkSheet.Cells(i,1) <>""

printxlWorkSheet.Cells(i,1)

i= i + 1

Wend

Method 2: to get the count of all non-blank values in the selected column

'============================================================================

2. 'Search for a text string and update another cell's value

Set objFind =xlWorkSheet.Range("A:A").Find("Name8")

If objFind is Nothing Then

print"Name8 not found"

Else

iRowNum= objFind.Row

xlWorkSheet.Cells(iRowNum,2)= "123456"

End If



'==============================================================================

3. 'Allow user to select a file to be opened

sExcelFileName = xlApp.GetOpenFilename("ExcelFiles","*.xls", , "Select the Excel File")

If sExcelFileNameThen

print"File Selected"

Else

print"No File Selected"

End If



'===============================================================================

4. 'Converting VBA to VBS

Notice: The constant in Excel(VBS), e,g, xlSolid, notavaiable in QTP. You should search the value and define yourself

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5. Access an Excel spreadsheet embedded in IE

Use following statement to access the document object:

Set objDoc = Browser(“CreationTime : = 0”).object.document

But the above statement cause “General run error” exception”

Use the following function to access IE’s COM interfacethrough its window’s handle:



'================================================================================

'Access an Excel spreadsheet embedded in IE

hwnd =Browser("CreationTime:=0").GetROProperty("hwnd")

Set ieBrowser = GetIEObjectFromhwnd(hwnd)

Set objDocument = ieBrowser.document 'This objDocument can be any embeddeddocument, like word, PPT or more

Set objWWorkbook = objDocument



Function GetIEObjectFromhwnd(ByVal hwnd)

Dim objShell,objShellWindows

SetobjShell = CreateObject("Shell.Application") 'Create shelll object

SetobjShellWindows = objShell.Windows 'Getthe collection of all open explorer windows

If (NotobjShellWindows Is Nothing) Then

DimobjEnumItems

ForEach objEnumItems In objShellWindows

IfobjEnumItems.hwnd = hwnd Then

SetGetIEObjectFromhwnd = objEnumItems 'returnthe object whose hwnd meet

ExitFor

Else

SetGetIEObjectFromhwnd = Nothing 'Noobject found

EndIf

Next

End If



SetobjShellWindows = Nothing

SetobjShell = Nothing

End Function



'============================================================================

6. Performance Enhancement:

Each QTP call to an Excel object has its cost, like

For i = 0 To 1000

xlworksheet.cell(I,1)= i

Next

QTP make 1000 calls, so reduce call can improve runtimeperformance.

Dim iArray

ReDim iArray (999,6)

For i = 1 To 1000

For j= 1To 7

iArrary(i-1,j-1) = I*j

Next

Next

xlworksheet.Range(“A1:”& GetCoumnName(j-1)&(i-1))=iArrary

'============================================================================