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稳扎稳打Silverlight(24) - 2.0通信之Socket, 开发一个多人聊天室

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稳扎稳打Silverlight(24) - 2.0通信之Socket, 开发一个多人聊天室

作者：webabcd

介绍

Silverlight
2.0 Socket通信。开发一个多人聊天室

服务端：实例化Socket, 绑定, 监听, 连接, 接收数据, 发送数据

客户端：实例化Socket, 指定服务端地址, 连接, 接收数据, 发送数据

在线DEMO

/article/4589581.html

示例

1、Policy服务（向客户端发送策略文件的服务）

clientaccesspolicy.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding ="utf-8"?>

<access-policy>

<cross-domain-access>

<allow-from>

</allow-from>

<grant-to>

<socket-resource port="4502-4534" protocol="tcp" />

</grant-to>

</policy>

</cross-domain-access>

</access-policy>

Main.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Net.Sockets;

using System.IO;

using System.Net;

namespace PolicyServer

{

public partial class Main : Form

{

// 客户端 socket 发送到服务端的对策略文件的请求信息

private readonly string _policyRequestString = "<policy-file-request/>";

private Socket _listener; // 服务端监听的 socket

private byte[] _policyBuffer; // 服务端策略文件的 buffer

private byte[] _requestBuffer; // 客户端 socket 发送的请求信息的 buffer

private int _received; // 接收到的信息字节数

private bool _flag = false; // 标志位。服务端是否要处理传入的连接

System.Threading.SynchronizationContext _syncContext;

public Main()

{

InitializeComponent();

_flag = true;

lblStatus.Text = "PolicyServer状态：启动";

lblStatus.ForeColor = Color.Green;

// 启动 PolicyServer

StartupPolicyServer();

// UI 线程

_syncContext = System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current;

}

private void btnStartup_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

_flag = true;

lblStatus.Text = "PolicyServer状态：启动";

lblStatus.ForeColor = Color.Green;

}

private void btnPause_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

_flag = false;

lblStatus.Text = "PolicyServer状态：暂停";

lblStatus.ForeColor = Color.Red;

}

/// <summary>

/// 启动 PolicyServer

/// </summary>

private void StartupPolicyServer()

{

string policyFile = Path.Combine(Application.StartupPath, "clientaccesspolicy.xml");

using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(policyFile, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))

{

// 将策略文件的内容写入 buffer

_policyBuffer = new byte[fs.Length];

fs.Read(_policyBuffer, 0, _policyBuffer.Length);

}

// 初始化 socket ，然后与端口绑定，然后对端口进行监听

_listener = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);

_listener.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 943)); // socket 请求策略文件使用 943 端口

_listener.Listen(100);

// 开始接受客户端传入的连接

_listener.BeginAccept(new AsyncCallback(OnClientConnect), null);

}

private void OnClientConnect(IAsyncResult result)

{

if (!_flag)

{

// PolicyServer 停用的话，则不再处理传入的连接

_listener.BeginAccept(new AsyncCallback(OnClientConnect), null);

return;

}

Socket client; // 客户端发过来的 socket

try

{

// 完成接受客户端传入的连接的这个异步操作，并返回客户端连入的 socket

client = _listener.EndAccept(result);

}

catch (SocketException)

{

return;

}

_requestBuffer = new byte[_policyRequestString.Length];

_received = 0;

try

{

// 开始接收客户端传入的数据

client.BeginReceive(_requestBuffer, 0, _policyRequestString.Length, SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(OnReceive), client);

}

catch (SocketException)

{

// socket 出错则关闭客户端 socket

client.Close();

}

// 继续开始接受客户端传入的连接

_listener.BeginAccept(new AsyncCallback(OnClientConnect), null);

}

private void OnReceive(IAsyncResult result)

{

Socket client = result.AsyncState as Socket;

try

{

// 完成接收数据的这个异步操作，并计算累计接收的数据的字节数

_received += client.EndReceive(result);

if (_received < _policyRequestString.Length)

{

// 没有接收到完整的数据，则继续开始接收

client.BeginReceive(_requestBuffer, _received, _policyRequestString.Length - _received, SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(OnReceive), client);

return;

}

// 把接收到的数据转换为字符串

string request = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(_requestBuffer, 0, _received);

if (StringComparer.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase.Compare(request, _policyRequestString) != 0)

{

// 如果接收到的数据不是“<policy-file-request/>”，则关闭客户端 socket

client.Close();

return;

}

// 开始向客户端发送策略文件的内容

client.BeginSend(_policyBuffer, 0, _policyBuffer.Length, SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(OnSend), client);

}

catch (SocketException)

{

// socket 出错则关闭客户端 socket

client.Close();

}

private void OnSend(IAsyncResult result)

{

Socket client = result.AsyncState as Socket;

try

{

// 完成将信息发送到客户端的这个异步操作

client.EndSend(result);

// 获取客户端的ip地址及端口号，并显示

_syncContext.Post(ResultCallback, client.LocalEndPoint.ToString());

}

finally

{

// 关闭客户端 socket

client.Close();

}

void ResultCallback(object result)

{

// 输出客户端的ip地址及端口号

txtMsg.Text += result.ToString() + "\r\n";

}

2、Socket服务端（聊天室的服务端）

ClientSocketPacket.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

namespace SocketServer

{

/// <summary>

/// 对客户端 Socket 及其他相关信息做一个封装

/// </summary>

public class ClientSocketPacket

{

/// <summary>

/// 客户端 Socket

/// </summary>

public System.Net.Sockets.Socket Socket { get; set; }

private byte[] _buffer;

/// <summary>

/// 为该客户端 Socket 开辟的缓冲区

/// </summary>

public byte[] Buffer

{

get

{

if (_buffer == null)

_buffer = new byte[32];

return _buffer;

}

private List<byte> _receivedByte;

/// <summary>

/// 客户端 Socket 发过来的信息的字节集合

/// </summary>

public List<byte> ReceivedByte

{

get

{

if (_receivedByte == null)

_receivedByte = new List<byte>();

return _receivedByte;

}

Main.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Net.Sockets;

using System.Net;

using System.Threading;

using System.IO;

namespace SocketServer

{

public partial class Main : Form

{

SynchronizationContext _syncContext;

System.Timers.Timer _timer;

// 信息结束符，用于判断是否完整地读取了用户发送的信息（要与客户端的信息结束符相对应）

private string _endMarker = "^";

// 服务端监听的 socket

private Socket _listener;

// 实例化 ManualResetEvent，设置其初始状态为非终止状态（可入状态）

private ManualResetEvent _connectDone = new ManualResetEvent(false);

// 客户端 Socket 列表

private List<ClientSocketPacket> _clientList = new List<ClientSocketPacket>();

public Main()

{

InitializeComponent();

// UI 线程

_syncContext = SynchronizationContext.Current;

// 启动后台线程去运行 Socket 服务

Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(StartupSocketServer));

thread.IsBackground = true;

thread.Start();

}

private void StartupSocketServer()

{

// 每 10 秒运行一次计时器所指定的方法

_timer = new System.Timers.Timer();

_timer.Interval = 10000d;

_timer.Elapsed += new System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler(_timer_Elapsed);

_timer.Start();

// 初始化 socket ，然后与端口绑定，然后对端口进行监听

_listener = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);

_listener.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 4518)); // Silverlight 2.0 使用 Socket 只能连接 4502-4534 端口

_listener.Listen(100);

while (true)

{

// 重置 ManualResetEvent，由此线程来控制 ManualResetEvent，其它到这里来的线程请等待

// 为求简单易懂，本例实际上只有主线程会在这里循环运行

_connectDone.Reset();

// 开始接受客户端传入的连接

_listener.BeginAccept(new AsyncCallback(OnClientConnect), null);

// 阻止当前线程，直到当前 ManualResetEvent 调用 Set 发出继续信号

_connectDone.WaitOne();

}

private void _timer_Elapsed(object sender, System.Timers.ElapsedEventArgs e)

{

// 每 10 秒给所有连入的客户端发送一次消息

SendData(string.Format("webabcd 对所有人说：大家好！【信息来自服务端 {0}】", DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss")));

}

private void OnClientConnect(IAsyncResult async)

{

// 当前 ManualResetEvent 调用 Set 以发出继续信号，从而允许继续执行一个或多个等待线程

_connectDone.Set();

ClientSocketPacket client = new ClientSocketPacket();

// 完成接受客户端传入的连接的这个异步操作，并返回客户端连入的 socket

client.Socket = _listener.EndAccept(async);

// 将客户端连入的 Socket 放进客户端 Socket 列表

_clientList.Add(client);

SendData("一个新的客户端已经成功连入服务器。。。【信息来自服务端】");

try

{

// 开始接收客户端传入的数据

client.Socket.BeginReceive(client.Buffer, 0, client.Buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(OnDataReceived), client);

}

catch (SocketException ex)

{

// 处理异常

HandleException(client, ex);

}

private void OnDataReceived(IAsyncResult async)

{

ClientSocketPacket client = async.AsyncState as ClientSocketPacket;

int count = 0;

try

{

// 完成接收数据的这个异步操作，并返回接收的字节数

if (client.Socket.Connected)

count = client.Socket.EndReceive(async);

}

catch (SocketException ex)

{

HandleException(client, ex);

}

// 把接收到的数据添加进收到的字节集合内

// 本例采用UTF8编码，中文占用3字节，英文占用1字节，缓冲区为32字节

// 所以如果直接把当前缓冲区转成字符串的话可能会出现乱码，所以要等接收完用户发送的全部信息后再转成字符串

foreach (byte b in client.Buffer.Take(count))

{

if (b == 0) continue; // 如果是空字节则不做处理

client.ReceivedByte.Add(b);

}

// 把当前接收到的数据转换为字符串。用于判断是否包含自定义的结束符

string receivedString = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(client.Buffer, 0, count);

// 如果该 Socket 在网络缓冲区中没有排队的数据并且接收到的数据中有自定义的结束符时

if (client.Socket.Connected && client.Socket.Available == 0 && receivedString.Contains(_endMarker))

{

// 把收到的字节集合转换成字符串（去掉自定义结束符）

// 然后清除掉字节集合中的内容，以准备接收用户发送的下一条信息

string content = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(client.ReceivedByte.ToArray());

content = content.Replace(_endMarker, "");

client.ReceivedByte.Clear();

// 发送数据到所有连入的客户端，并在服务端做记录

SendData(content);

_syncContext.Post(ResultCallback, content);

}

try

{

// 继续开始接收客户端传入的数据

if (client.Socket.Connected)

client.Socket.BeginReceive(client.Buffer, 0, client.Buffer.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(OnDataReceived), client);

}

catch (SocketException ex)

{

HandleException(client, ex);

}

/// <summary>

/// 发送数据到所有连入的客户端

/// </summary>

/// <param name="data">需要发送的数据</param>

private void SendData(string data)

{

byte[] byteData = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);

foreach (ClientSocketPacket client in _clientList)

{

if (client.Socket.Connected)

{

try

{

// 如果某客户端 Socket 是连接状态，则向其发送数据

client.Socket.BeginSend(byteData, 0, byteData.Length, SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(OnDataSent), client);

}

catch (SocketException ex)

{

HandleException(client, ex);

}

else

{

// 某 Socket 断开了连接的话则将其关闭，并将其清除出客户端 Socket 列表

// 也就是说每次向所有客户端发送消息的时候，都会从客户端 Socket 集合中清除掉已经关闭了连接的 Socket

client.Socket.Close();

_clientList.Remove(client);

}

private void OnDataSent(IAsyncResult async)

{

ClientSocketPacket client = async.AsyncState as ClientSocketPacket;

try

{

// 完成将信息发送到客户端的这个异步操作

if (client.Socket.Connected)

client.Socket.EndSend(async);

}

catch (SocketException ex)

{

HandleException(client, ex);

}

/// <summary>

/// 处理 SocketException 异常

/// </summary>

/// <param name="client">导致异常的 ClientSocketPacket</param>

/// <param name="ex">SocketException</param>

private void HandleException(ClientSocketPacket client, SocketException ex)

{

// 在服务端记录异常信息，关闭导致异常的 Socket，并将其清除出客户端 Socket 列表

_syncContext.Post(ResultCallback, client.Socket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + " - " + ex.Message);

client.Socket.Close();

_clientList.Remove(client);

}

private void ResultCallback(object result)

{

// 输出相关信息

txtMsg.Text += result.ToString() + "\r\n";

}

}

3、Socket客户端（聊天室的客户端）

SocketClient.xaml

<UserControl x:Class="Silverlight20.Communication.SocketClient"

xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"

xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">

</ScrollViewer>

</StackPanel>

</UserControl>

SocketClient.xaml.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Net;

using System.Windows;

using System.Windows.Controls;

using System.Windows.Documents;

using System.Windows.Input;

using System.Windows.Media;

using System.Windows.Media.Animation;

using System.Windows.Shapes;

using System.Net.Sockets;

using System.Text;

namespace Silverlight20.Communication

{

public partial class SocketClient : UserControl

{

// 信息结束符，用于判断是否完整地读取了用户发送的信息（要与服务端的信息结束符相对应）

private string _endMarker = "^";

// 客户端 Socket

private Socket _socket;

// Socket 异步操作对象

private SocketAsyncEventArgs _sendEventArgs;

public SocketClient()

{

InitializeComponent();

this.Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(Page_Loaded);

}

void Page_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

// 初始化姓名和需要发送的默认文字

txtName.Text = "匿名用户" + new Random().Next(0, 9999).ToString().PadLeft(4, '0');

txtInput.Text = "hi";

// 实例化 Socket

_socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);

// 实例化 SocketAsyncEventArgs ，用于对 Socket 做异步操作，很方便

SocketAsyncEventArgs args = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();

// 服务器的 EndPoint

args.RemoteEndPoint = new DnsEndPoint("wanglei-pc", 4518);

// 异步操作完成后执行的事件

args.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(OnSocketConnectCompleted);

// 异步连接服务端

_socket.ConnectAsync(args);

}

private void OnSocketConnectCompleted(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)

{

// 设置数据缓冲区

byte[] response = new byte[1024];

e.SetBuffer(response, 0, response.Length);

// 修改 SocketAsyncEventArgs 对象的异步操作完成后需要执行的事件

e.Completed -= new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(OnSocketConnectCompleted);

e.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(OnSocketReceiveCompleted);

// 异步地从服务端 Socket 接收数据

_socket.ReceiveAsync(e);

// 构造一个 SocketAsyncEventArgs 对象，用于用户向服务端发送消息

_sendEventArgs = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();

_sendEventArgs.RemoteEndPoint = e.RemoteEndPoint;

string data = "";

if (!_socket.Connected)

data = "无法连接到服务器。。。请刷新后再试。。。";

else

data = "成功地连接上了服务器。。。";

WriteText(data);

}

private void OnSocketReceiveCompleted(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)

{

try

{

// 将接收到的数据转换为字符串

string data = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(e.Buffer, e.Offset, e.BytesTransferred);

WriteText(data);

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

WriteText(ex.ToString());

}

// 继续异步地从服务端 Socket 接收数据

_socket.ReceiveAsync(e);

}

private void WriteText(string data)

{

// 在聊天文本框中输出指定的信息，并将滚动条滚到底部

this.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(

delegate

{

txtChat.Text += data + "\r\n";

scrollChat.ScrollToVerticalOffset(txtChat.ActualHeight);

}

);

}

private void SendData()

{

if (_socket.Connected)

{

// 设置需要发送的数据的缓冲区

_sendEventArgs.BufferList =

new List<ArraySegment<byte>>()

{

new ArraySegment<byte>(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(txtName.Text + "：" + txtInput.Text + _endMarker))

};

// 异步地向服务端 Socket 发送消息

_socket.SendAsync(_sendEventArgs);

}

else

{

txtChat.Text += "无法连接到服务器。。。请刷新后再试。。。\r\n";

_socket.Close();

}

txtInput.Focus();

txtInput.Text = "";

}

private void btnSend_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

SendData();

}

private void txtInput_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)

{

// 按了回车键就向服务端发送数据

if (e.Key == Key.Enter)

SendData();

}

OK

[源码下载]

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