Spring MVC入门级实例-基于xml的配置

最近在学习spring MVC,为了留作以后参考,同时也让初学者能很快的入门,特意作了如下教程,闲话少说,上代码

我采用的是spring3.1.0.M2版本

1.web.xml配置

<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

 2.创建一个*-servlet.xml,*代表web配置的servlet-name,该文件默认放在web.xml同级目录里,主要配置映射处理器和视图解析器,springMVC-servlet.xml配置如下

<!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
</bean>

3.applicationContext.xml配置如下

<!-- 启动注解驱动的Spring MVC功能，注册请求url和注解POJO类方法的映射-->
<mvc:annotation-driven />

<!--通过url中的method参数指定要执行的controller方法-->
<bean id="methodNameResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.ParameterMethodNameResolver">
<property name="paramName">
<value>method</value>
</property>
<property name="defaultMethodName">
<value>view</value>
</property>
</bean>

<bean name="/index.html" class="com.ldh.mvc.noannotation.IndexController"/>

<bean name="/user/operation.html" class="com.ldh.mvc.noannotation.InternalPathController">
<property name="methodNameResolver" ref="methodNameResolver"></property>
</bean>

 一定要加  <mvc:annotation-driven />配置

4.controller文件

  (1). 实现Controller接口,此时不需要通过url指定执行的方法,默认执行handleRequest方法

public class IndexController implements Controller{
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0,
HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Hello index=================");
Map<String,String> resultMap = new HashMap<String,String>();
resultMap.put("message", "欢迎来到首页");
return new ModelAndView("/index", resultMap);
}
}

 (2).实现MultiActionController接口,此时可以通过url指定执行的方法,controller里可以有多个执行方法

public class InternalPathController extends MultiActionController{

public ModelAndView update(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
Map<String,String> resultMap = new HashMap<String,String>();
resultMap.put("message", "消息更新成功");
return new ModelAndView("/page/update", resultMap);
}

public ModelAndView delete(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
Map<String,String> resultMap = new HashMap<String,String>();
resultMap.put("message", "消息删除成功");
return new ModelAndView("/page/delete", resultMap);
}
}

ModelAndView构造方法的第一个参数指定文件路径,"/page/delete"即跳到根路径下的page目录下的delete.jsp页面

5.访问路径

   http://localhost/index.html

   http://localhost/user/operation.html?method=update