struct inode 和 struct file

1、struct inode──字符设备驱动相关的重要结构介绍

内核中用inode结构表示具体的文件，而用file结构表示打开的文件描述符。Linux2.6.27内核中，inode结构体具体定义如下：

struct inode {

struct hlist_node i_hash;

struct list_head i_list;

struct list_head i_sb_list;

struct list_head i_dentry;

unsigned long i_ino;

atomic_t i_count;

unsigned int i_nlink;

uid_t i_uid;

gid_t i_gid;

dev_t i_rdev; //该成员表示设备文件的inode结构，它包含了真正的设备编号。

u64 i_version;

loff_t i_size;

#ifdef __NEED_I_SIZE_ORDERED

seqcount_t i_size_seqcount;

#endif

struct timespec i_atime;

struct timespec i_mtime;

struct timespec i_ctime;

unsigned int i_blkbits;

blkcnt_t i_blocks;

unsigned short i_bytes;

umode_t i_mode;

spinlock_t i_lock; /* i_blocks, i_bytes, maybe i_size */

struct mutex i_mutex;

struct rw_semaphore i_alloc_sem;

const struct inode_operations *i_op;

const struct file_operations *i_fop; /* former ->i_op->default_file_ops */

struct super_block *i_sb;

struct file_lock *i_flock;

struct address_space *i_mapping;

struct address_space i_data;

#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA

struct dquot *i_dquot[MAXQUOTAS];

#endif

struct list_head i_devices;

union {

struct pipe_inode_info *i_pipe;

struct block_device *i_bdev;

struct cdev *i_cdev; //该成员表示字符设备的内核的 内部结构。当inode指向一个字符设备文件时，该成员包含了指向struct cdev结构的指针，其中cdev结构是字符设备结构体。

};

int i_cindex;

__u32 i_generation;

#ifdef CONFIG_DNOTIFY

unsigned long i_dnotify_mask; /* Directory notify events */

struct dnotify_struct *i_dnotify; /* for directory notifications */

#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_INOTIFY

struct list_head inotify_watches; /* watches on this inode */

struct mutex inotify_mutex; /* protects the watches list */

#endif

unsigned long i_state;

unsigned long dirtied_when; /* jiffies of first dirtying */

unsigned int i_flags;

atomic_t i_writecount;

#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY

void *i_security;

#endif

void *i_private; /* fs or device private pointer */

};

2、struct file ──字符设备驱动相关重要结构

文件结构 代表一个打开的文件描述符，它不是专门给驱动程序使用的，系统中每一个打开的文件在内核中都有一个关联的struct file。它由内核在open时创建，并传递给在文件上操作的任何函数，知道最后关闭。当文件的所有实例都关闭之后，内核释放这个数据结构。

struct file {

/*

* fu_list becomes invalid after file_free is called and queued via

* fu_rcuhead for RCU freeing

*/

union {

struct list_head fu_list;

struct rcu_head fu_rcuhead;

} f_u;

struct path f_path;

#define f_dentry f_path.dentry //该成员是对应的 目录结构 。

#define f_vfsmnt f_path.mnt

const struct file_operations *f_op; //该操作 是定义文件关联的操作的。内核在执行open时对这个 指针赋值。

atomic_long_t f_count;

unsigned int f_flags; //该成员是文件标志。

mode_t f_mode;

loff_t f_pos;

struct fown_struct f_owner;

unsigned int f_uid, f_gid;

struct file_ra_state f_ra;

u64 f_version;

#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY

void *f_security;

#endif

/* needed for tty driver, and maybe others */

void *private_data;//该成员是系统调用时保存状态信息非常有用的资源。

#ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL

/* Used by fs/eventpoll.c to link all the hooks to this file */

struct list_head f_ep_links;

spinlock_t f_ep_lock;

#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL */

struct address_space *f_mapping;

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_WRITECOUNT

unsigned long f_mnt_write_state;

#endif

};